gbl10_q110907.htm
 
 

 SECURITIES & EXCHANGE COMMISSION
 
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
 
 
FORM 10-Q
 
 (Mark One)
 
[X]
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2007
 
or

[ ]
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ________ to

Commission File No. 1-106

GAMCO INVESTORS, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

New York
   
13-4007862
(State of other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
   
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
       
One Corporate Center, Rye, NY
   
10580-1422
(Address of principle executive offices)
   
(Zip Code)

(914) 921-5100
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes   x   No   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer.  See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer ¨
Accelerated filer x
Non-accelerated filer ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2).   Yes   ¨   No   x
 
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the Registrant’s classes of Common Stock, as of the latest practical date.
Class
 
Outstanding at October 31, 2007
Class A Common Stock, .001 par value
 
7,438,369
 
Class B Common Stock, .001 par value
 
20,645,816


1



INDEX
 
GAMCO INVESTORS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
   
   
PART I.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
   
   
Item 1.
Financial Statements (Unaudited)
   
 
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income:
 
-    Three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2007
  -    Nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2007
   
 
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition:
 
-    December 31, 2006 (Audited)
 
-    September 30, 2006
 
-    September 30, 2007
   
 
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income:
 
-    Three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2007
 
-    Nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2007
   
 
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
  -   Three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2007
 
-   Nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2007
   
 
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
   
Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Including Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk)
   
Item 4.
Controls and Procedures
   
PART II.
OTHER INFORMATION
   
Item 2.
Changes in Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
   
Item 6.
Exhibits
   
   
   
SIGNATURES


2


GAMCO INVESTORS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
UNAUDITED
(In thousands, except per share data)



   
Three Months Ended
   
Nine Months Ended
 
 
 
September 30,
   
September 30,
 
   
2007
   
2006 (a)
   
2007
   
2006 (a)
 
                         
Revenues
                       
Investment advisory and incentive fees
  $
58,392
    $
49,751
    $
172,606
    $
153,735
 
Commission revenue
   
3,494
     
2,799
     
11,550
     
9,179
 
Distribution fees and other income
   
6,583
     
5,444
     
19,196
     
16,023
 
Total revenues
   
68,469
     
57,994
     
203,352
     
178,937
 
Expenses
                               
Compensation and related costs
   
29,064
     
23,852
     
87,343
     
74,064
 
Management fee
   
3,541
     
3,058
     
10,391
     
8,293
 
Distribution costs
   
6,099
     
5,023
     
22,146
     
15,567
 
Other operating expenses
   
2,665
     
7,564
     
18,693
     
22,667
 
Reserve for settlement
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
11,900
 
Total expenses
   
41,369
     
39,497
     
138,573
     
132,491
 
                                 
Operating income
   
27,100
     
18,497
     
64,779
     
46,446
 
Other income (expense)
                               
Net gain from investments
   
514
     
4,663
     
17,277
     
32,031
 
Interest and dividend income
   
6,810
     
7,665
     
20,978
     
20,149
 
Interest expense
    (2,828 )     (3,368 )     (9,537 )     (10,637 )
Total other income, net
   
4,496
     
8,960
     
28,718
     
41,543
 
Income before income taxes and minority interest
   
31,596
     
27,457
     
93,497
     
87,989
 
Income tax provision
   
13,340
     
10,296
     
37,403
     
34,197
 
Minority interest
   
(81
)    
118
     
596
     
8,845
 
Net income
  $
18,337
    $
17,043
    $
55,498
    $
44,947
 
                                 
Net income per share:
                               
Basic
  $
0.65
    $
0.60
    $
1.97
    $
1.57
 
                                 
Diluted
  $
0.64
    $
0.60
    $
1.95
    $
1.55
 
                                 
Weighted average shares outstanding:
                               
Basic
   
28,106
     
28,254
     
28,164
     
28,644
 
                                 
Diluted
   
29,099
     
29,235
     
29,148
     
29,635
 
                                 
                                 
Dividends declared:
  $
1.03
    $
0.03
    $
1.09
    $
0.09
 

(a) As restated to reflect the reversal of certain previously-accrued expenses for investment partnership compensation as described in Note A of this report on Form 10-Q.

See accompanying notes.

3



GAMCO INVESTORS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
(In thousands, except share data)

   
December 31,
   
September 30,
   
September 30,
 
   
2006
   
2006 (a)
   
2007
 
ASSETS
       
(Unaudited)
   
(Unaudited)
 
                   
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash of $2,079, $2,056 and $447, respectively
  $
138,113
    $
112,089
    $
195,893
 
Investments in securities, including restricted securities of $52,116, $51,461 and $51,637, respectively
   
507,595
     
503,801
     
386,190
 
Investments in partnerships and affiliates
   
81,884
     
81,326
     
97,988
 
Receivable from brokers
   
53,682
     
49,149
     
36,677
 
Investment advisory fees receivable
   
31,094
      16,218      
18,591
 
Other assets
   
24,863
     
15,452
     
17,432
 
                         
Total assets
  $
837,231
    $
778,035
    $
752,771
 
                         
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
                       
                         
Payable to brokers
  $
36,345
    $
18,599
    $
6,844
 
Income taxes payable, including deferred taxes of $363, ($287), and $9,758, respectively
   
13,922
     
6,101
     
21,251
 
Compensation payable
   
30,174
     
38,387
     
43,613
 
Capital lease obligation
   
2,781
     
2,837
     
2,593
 
Securities sold, not yet purchased
   
8,244
     
8,465
     
10,914
 
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
   
41,053
     
31,843
     
32,820
 
                         
Total operating liabilities
   
132,519
     
106,232
     
118,035
 
                         
5.5% Senior notes (due May 15, 2013)
   
100,000
     
100,000
     
100,000
 
6% Convertible note, $50 million outstanding (due August 14, 2011) (b)
   
49,504
     
50,000
     
49,584
 
5.22% Senior notes (due February 17, 2007)
   
82,308
     
82,308
     
-
 
                         
     Total liabilities
   
364,331
     
338,540
     
267,619
 
                         
Minority interest
   
21,324
     
20,316
     
9,497
 
                         
Stockholders’ equity
                       
Class A Common Stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized;
   12,055,872, 12,022,762 and 12,173,423 issued, respectively; 7,487,018,
   7,458,608 and 7,438,369 outstanding, respectively
    12       12       12  
Class B Common Stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized;
   24,000,000 shares issued, 20,754,217, 20,781,027 and 20,645,816
   shares outstanding, respectively
    21       21       21  
Additional paid-in capital
   
229,699
     
228,880
     
230,068
 
Retained earnings
   
397,893
     
371,761
     
421,800
 
Accumulated comprehensive gain
   
10,427
     
4,803
     
17,799
 
Treasury stock, at cost (4,568,854, 4,564,154 and 4,735,054 shares, respectively)
    (186,476 )     (186,298 )     (194,045 )
Total stockholders' equity
   
451,576
     
419,179
     
475,655
 
                         
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
  $
837,231
    $
778,035
    $
752,771
 

(a)  As restated to reflect the reversal of certain previously-accrued expenses for investment partnership compensation as described in Note A of this report on Form 10-Q.
(b)  At September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, the $50 million note conversion price was $53 per share. At September 30, 2006, the convertible note bore interest at 5% with a conversion price of $52 per share.
 
See accompanying notes.


4

GAMCO INVESTORS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
UNAUDITED
(In thousands)

   
Three Months Ended
   
Nine Months Ended
 
   
September 30,
   
September 30,
 
   
2007
   
2006 (a)
   
2007
   
2006 (a)
 
Stockholders’ equity – beginning of period
  $
490,793
    $
402,442
    $
451,576
    $
424,502
 
                                 
Cumulative effect of applying the provisions of FIN 48
at January 1, 2007
   
-
     
-
      (822 )    
-
 
Comprehensive income:
                               
  Net income
   
18,337
     
17,043
     
55,498
     
44,947
 
  Foreign currency translation adjustments
   
14
      14      
27
      (40 )
  Net unrealized (loss) gain on securities available for sale
   
(2,108
    2,367      
7,244
     
4,234
 
Total comprehensive income
   
16,243
     
19,424
     
62,769
     
49,141
 
                                 
Dividends declared
    (28,977 )     (847 )     (30,668 )     (2,565 )
Excess tax benefit for exercised stock options
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
1,782
 
Stock based compensation expense
   
23
     
16
     
68
     
36
 
Exercise of stock options including tax benefit
   
35
     
290
     
301
     
708
 
Purchase of treasury stock
    (2,462 )     (2,146 )     (7,569 )     (54,425 )
Stockholders’ equity – end of period
  $
475,655
    $
419,179
    $
475,655
    $
419,179
 


(a) As restated to reflect the reversal of certain previously-accrued expenses for investment partnership compensation as described in Note A of this report on Form 10-Q.
 
See accompanying notes.


5




GAMCO INVESTORS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
UNAUDITED
(In thousands)

   
Three Months Ended
   
Nine Months Ended
 
   
September 30,
   
September 30,
 
   
2007
   
2006 (a)
   
2007
   
2006 (a)
 
Operating activities
                       
Net income
  $
18,337
    $
17,043
    $
55,498
    $
44,947
 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash
   provided by (used in) operating activities:
                               
Cumulative effect of applying the provisions of FIN 48
   
-
     
-
      (822 )    
-
 
Equity in gains from partnerships and affiliates
    (855 )     (1,090 )     (5,600 )     (4,428 )
Depreciation and amortization
   
217
     
221
     
739
     
665
 
Stock based compensation expense
   
24
     
16
     
68
     
36
 
Tax benefit from exercise of stock options
   
5
     
79
     
62
     
166
 
Foreign currency loss
   
14
     
14
     
27
     
44
 
Other-than-temporary loss on available for sale securities
   
3
     
-
     
3
     
56
 
Market value of donated securities
   
151
     
-
     
273
     
-
 
Impairment of goodwill
   
-
     
-
     
56
     
-
 
Amortization of debt discount
   
24
     
-
     
80
     
-
 
Minority interest in net income of consolidated subsidiaries
   
90
     
158
     
610
     
501
 
Realized gains on sales of available for sale securities, net
    (184 )    
-
      (657 )     (442 )
Realized gains on sales of trading investments in securities, net
    (5,742 )     (4,244 )     (16,617 )     (14,218 )
Change in unrealized (gains) losses of trading investments in securities, net
    6,951       (1,923 )     4,453       (5,259 )
Excess tax benefit adjustment
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
1,782
 
Increase (decrease) in operating assets:
                               
   Purchases of trading investments in securities
    (216,219 )     (300,255 )     (1,069,008 )     (837,871 )
   Proceeds from sales of trading investments in securities
   
336,992
     
277,225
     
1,212,842
     
804,747
 
   Investments in partnerships and affiliates
    (13,948 )     (354 )     (17,998 )     (4,402 )
   Distributions from partnerships and affiliates
   
2,570
     
3,925
     
15,719
     
11,838
 
   Investment advisory fees receivable
   
(152
   
(363
   
12,529
     
5,763
 
   Other receivables from affiliates
   
87
     
325
     
5,193
     
10,417
 
   Receivable from brokers
    10,298      
(9,222
   
20,320
      (36,781 )
   Other assets
   
1,747
     
262
      1,594       142  
Increase (decrease) in operating liabilities:
                               
   Payable to brokers
    (24,065 )    
9,404
      (28,022 )    
12,848
 
   Income taxes payable
   
7,608
      2,132       3,773       (6,877 )
   Compensation payable
   
(2,097
   
3,600
     
12,192
     
10,553
 
   Accrued expenses and other liabilities
   
(2,845
   
2,538
      (7,892 )    
13,116
 
Effects of consolidation of investment partnerships and offshore funds consolidated under FIN 46R and EITF 04-5:
                               
Realized gains on sales of investments in securities and securities sold short, net
    (115 )     (235 )     (722 )     (12,315 )
Change in unrealized value of investments in securities and securities sold short, net
    462       (304 )      547       (4,573 )
Purchases of trading investments in securities and securities sold short
    (7,615 )     (10,515 )     (42,051 )     (661,456 )
Proceeds from sales of trading investments in securities and securities sold short
   
11,921
     
9,849
     
46,472
     
639,070
 
   Investments in partnerships and affiliates
   
-
      (586 )    
(2,000)
      (1,904 )
Distributions from partnerships and affiliates
   
4,764
     
-
     
5,589
     
380
 
Equity in earnings of partnerships and affiliates
   
(102
    240      
(835)
      (288 )
   Decrease (increase) in advisory fees receivable
   
-
     
19
      (26 )    
117
 
   (Increase) decrease in receivable from brokers
    (3,787 )    
1,399
     
(3,315
    (10,028 )
   Decrease (increase) in other assets
    107       172       (138 )    
505
 
   (Decrease) increase in payable to brokers
    (64 )    
(33
    (1,480 )    
7,597
 
   (Decrease) increase in accrued expenses and other liabilities
   
(80
    (6 )    
237
      (11,684 )
   (Loss) income related to investment partnerships and offshore funds consolidated under FIN 46R and EITF 04-5, net
   
(157
   
84
     
839
     
14,721
 
Total adjustments
   
106,008
      (17,468 )    
147,034
      (77,462 )
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
   
124,345
     
(425
   
202,532
      (32,515

6



GAMCO INVESTORS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
UNAUDITED
(In thousands)

   
Three Months Ended
   
Nine Months Ended
 
   
September 30,
   
September 30,
 
   
2007
   
2006 (a)
   
2007
   
2006 (a)
 
                         
Investing activities
                       
Purchases of available for sale securities
    (688 )     (1,680 )     (25,942 )     (4,933 )
Proceeds from sales of available for sale securities
   
350
     
-
     
2,642
     
1,486
 
Net cash used in investing activities
   
(338
    (1,680 )     (23,300 )     (3,447 )
                                 
Financing activities
                               
Contributions related to investment partnerships and offshore funds
    consolidated under FIN 46R and EITF 04-5, net
    (1,156 )    
(89
   
(645
   
29,638
 
Retirement of 5.22% senior notes
   
-
     
-
      (82,308 )    
-
 
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
   
29
     
210
     
238
     
542
 
Dividends paid
    (28,978 )     (847 )     (30,668 )     (2,565 )
Subsidiary stock repurchased from minority shareholders
   
(290
   
-
      (531 )    
-
 
Purchase of treasury stock
    (2,461 )     (2,146 )     (7,569 )     (54,425 )
Net cash used in financing activities
    (32,856 )     (2,872 )     (121,483 )     (26,810 )
                                 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
   
91,151
      (4,977 )     57,749       (62,772 )
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents
   
16
      10      
31
      (54 )
Net increase in cash from partnerships and offshore funds consolidated under FIN 46R and EITF 04-5
   
-
     
204
     
-
     
1,754
 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
   
104,726
     
116,852
     
138,113
     
173,161
 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $
195,893
    $
112,089
    $
195,893
    $
112,089
 
 
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF NONCASH OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

Noncash operating activities that were previously classified under investment in trading securities are now classified as investments in partnerships and affiliates.  The amount reclassified is $24,054,974 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007.
 
(a)  As restated to reflect the reversal of certain previously-accrued expenses for investment partnership compensation as described in Note A of this report on Form 10-Q.


See accompanying notes.


7



GAMCO INVESTORS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2007
(Unaudited)

A.  Basis of Presentation

Unless we have indicated otherwise, or the context otherwise requires, references in this report to “GAMCO Investors, Inc.”, “GAMCO”, "GBL", “the Company”, “we”, “us”, and “our” or similar terms are to GAMCO Investors, Inc. (formerly Gabelli Asset Management Inc.), its predecessors and its subsidiaries.

The unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of GAMCO Investors, Inc. included herein have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles in the United States for complete financial statements.  In the opinion of management, the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, which are of a normal recurring and non-recurring nature, necessary for a fair presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flows of GAMCO for the interim periods presented and are not necessarily indicative of a full year’s results.

In preparing the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of GAMCO and its subsidiaries.  All material intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated.

These financial statements should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2006, from which the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition was derived.

Certain items previously reported have been reclassified to conform to the current period’s financial statement presentation.

Changes in Accounting Policy
 
GAMCO has changed its accounting policy to reflect the adoption of FASB-issued Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”), which is an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes” (“FAS 109”). This interpretation prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. This interpretation is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company adopted this interpretation on January 1, 2007.   In accordance with the method of adoption prescribed in the Interpretation, FIN 48 has been applied prospectively as of the date of adoption with the cumulative effect of applying the provisions of the Interpretation reported as an adjustment to beginning retained earnings, and periods prior to adoption have not been retroactively restated or reclassified.  See Note F for further details.

Restatement
 
On August 9, 2007, GAMCO filed a Form 10-K/A restating 2006 results to reflect the reversal of certain previously accrued expenses for investment partnership compensation.
 
It is the policy of GBL to accrue Investment Partnership compensation expense on a monthly basis during the course of the year using the formula-based payout rate on net revenues and to specifically allocate to individuals at year-end.  It was determined that the amount accrued during 2006 and some accruals relating to 2005 were no longer appropriate following the departure of marketing staff, the reassignment of management staff, and the reduction of rates for certain payouts.  This determination was made subsequent to our issuance of the 2006 Form 10-K after an analysis was performed.  The information used in management’s analysis was available prior to the issuance of the 2006 Form 10-K. Management determined that this was an error and not a change in an accounting estimate.  Because it was deemed an error and the amounts were material to interim and full year periods in 2006, GBL amended its Form 10-K for the year ended 2006 and 2005 to reflect the reversals.  None of the accruals relate to periods prior to 2005.
 
Quarterly financial information for the year ended December 31, 2006, as restated, is presented below.
 
 As restated  
2006 Quarter
 
(in thousands, except per share data)
 
1st
   
2nd
   
3rd
   
4th
   
Full Year
 
Revenues                                            
  $
59,284
    $
61,659
    $
57,994
    $
82,526
    $
261,463
 
Operating income                                            
   
18,486
     
9,463
     
18,497
     
29,901
     
76,347
 
Net income                                            
   
18,959
     
8,945
     
17,043
     
26,980
     
71,927
 
Net income per share:
                                       
   Basic                                            
   
0.65
     
0.31
     
0.60
     
0.96
     
2.52
 
   Diluted                                            
   
0.64
     
0.31
     
0.60
     
0.94
     
2.49
 
 
Quarterly financial information for the year ended December 31, 2006, as originally reported, is presented below.
 
 As reported  
2006 Quarter
 
(in thousands, except per share data)
 
1st
   
2nd
   
3rd
   
4th
   
Full Year
 
Revenues                                            
  $
59,284
    $
61,659
    $
57,994
    $
82,526
    $
261,463
 
Operating income                                            
   
18,034
     
8,936
     
18,220
     
26,971
     
72,161
 
Net income                                            
   
18,700
     
8,641
     
16,884
     
25,293
     
69,518
 
Net income per share:
                                       
   Basic                                            
   
0.64
     
0.30
     
0.60
     
0.90
     
2.44
 
   Diluted                                            
   
0.63
     
0.30
     
0.59
     
0.88
     
2.40
 
 
8

B.  Recent Accounting Developments

In February 2006, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments – an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133 and 140,” (“Statement 155”) that amends FASB Statements No. 133 “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” (“Statement 133”) and No. 140 “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities a replacement of FASB Statement 125” (“Statement 140”).  The statement permits fair value remeasurement for any hybrid financial instrument that contains an embedded derivative that otherwise would require bifurcation; clarifies which interest-only strips and principal-only strips are not subject to the requirements of Statement 133; establishes a requirement to evaluate interests in securitized financial assets to identify interests that are freestanding derivatives or that are hybrid financial instruments that contain an embedded derivative requiring bifurcation; clarifies that concentrations of credit risk in the form of subordination are not embedded derivatives; amends Statement 140 to eliminate the prohibition on a qualifying special-purpose entity from holding a derivative financial instrument that pertains to a beneficial interest other than another derivative financial instrument.  Statement 155 does not permit prior period restatement.  The statement is effective for all financial instruments acquired or issued after the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006.  The Company adopted this statement on January 1, 2007.  The impact of adopting this statement has been immaterial to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In April 2006, the FASB issued FSP FIN 46R-6 “Determining the Variability to be Considered in Applying FASB Interpretation No. 46(R)” (“FSP”).  The FSP addresses certain major implementation issues related to FIN 46R, specifically how a reporting enterprise should determine the variability to be considered in applying FIN 46R. The FSP is effective as of the beginning of the first day of the first reporting period beginning after September 15, 2006. The Company adopted this statement on January 1, 2007.  The impact of adopting this statement has been immaterial to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In September 2006, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“Statement 157”). The statement provides guidance for using fair value to measure assets and liabilities. The statement provides guidance to companies about the extent of which to measure assets and liabilities at fair value, the information used to measure fair value, and the effect of fair value measurements on earnings. The statement applies whenever other standards require (or permit) assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value. The statement does not expand the use of fair value in any new circumstances. The statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and for interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company plans to adopt this statement on January 1, 2008. The impact of adopting Statement 157 is expected to be immaterial to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In September 2006, the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") released Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108, "Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements" (the “SAB”). The SAB addresses diversity in how companies consider and resolve the quantitative effect of financial statement misstatements. The SAB is effective as of the beginning of the first day of the first reporting period beginning after November 15, 2006.  The Company adopted this SAB on January 1, 2007.  The impact of adopting this SAB has been immaterial to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In February 2007, the FASB issued FAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities – Including an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 115,” (“Statement 159”), which provides companies with an option to report selected financial assets and liabilities at fair value. The standard’s objective is to reduce both the complexity in accounting for financial instruments and the volatility in earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently. Statement 159 also establishes presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons between companies that choose different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and liabilities.  This statement is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year beginning after November 15, 2007. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of the previous fiscal year provided that the entity makes that choice in the first 120 days of that fiscal year and also elects to apply the provisions of Statement 157.  The Company plans to adopt this statement on January 1, 2008.  The impact of adopting Statement 159 is expected to be immaterial to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants has finalized Statement of Position (“SOP”) 07-01, Clarification of the Scope of the Audit and Accounting Guide Investment Companies and Accounting by Parent Companies and Equity Method Investors for Investments in Investment Companies. SOP 07-01 provides criteria for determining whether an entity is within the scope of the Guide. The statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2007. The Company plans to adopt this statement on January 1, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of adopting SOP 07-01 on its consolidated financial statements.
 
In May 2007, the FASB issued FSP No. FIN 46(R)-7, “Application of FASB Interpretation No. 46(R) to Investment Companies”. This FSP amends Interpretation FIN 46(R) to provide an exception to the scope of FIN 46(R) for companies within the scope of the revised Audit and Accounting Guide Investment Companies. The Company plans to adopt this FSP upon its adoption of SOP 07-1. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of adopting FIN 46(R)-7 on its consolidated financial statements.
 
C.  Investment in Securities

Management determines the appropriate classification of debt and equity securities at the time of purchase and reevaluates such designation as of each condensed consolidated statement of financial condition date.  Investments in Treasury Bills and Notes with maturities of greater than three months at the time of purchase are classified as investments in securities and with maturities of three months or less at time of purchase are classified as cash and cash equivalents. Investments in securities are accounted for as either “trading securities” or “available for sale” (“AFS”) and are stated at quoted market values. Securities that are not readily marketable are stated at their estimated fair values as determined by our management. The resulting unrealized gains and losses for trading securities are included in net gain from investments, and the unrealized gains and losses for available for sale securities, net of management fees and tax, are reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity except for losses deemed to be other than temporary, which are recorded as realized losses in the condensed consolidated statements of income.
 
GAMCO has an established accounting policy and methodology to determine other-than-temporary impairment.  Under this policy, a holding must generally be impaired for nine consecutive months in order to be considered other-than-temporarily impaired.  Once the nine month threshold is met, the investment is considered other-than-temporarily impaired and the appropriate writedown is taken in accordance with SFAS 115.  However, the determination of temporary versus other-than-temporary impairment for investments where the impairment is less than nine consecutive months are subject to further scrutiny.  GAMCO augments the general systematic “nine month” methodology by identifying both issuer-specific declines and market/industry related declines, which might indicate other-than-temporary impairment in instances where the nine consecutive month threshold has not yet been met. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, there was an impairment of approximately $3,000 in AFS securities.  For the three month period ended September 30, 2006, there was no impairment in AFS securities. For the nine month period ended September 30, 2006, there were $0.1 million in losses on AFS securities deemed to be other than temporary which were recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of income.
 
Securities sold, not yet purchased are financial instruments purchased under agreements to resell and financial instruments sold under agreements to repurchase.  These financial instruments are stated at fair value and are subject to market risks resulting from changes in price and volatility. At September 30, 2007 and 2006, the market value of securities sold, not yet purchased was $10.9 million and $8.5 million, respectively.
 
9

The Company accounts for derivative financial instruments in accordance with Statement No. 133. Statement No. 133 requires that an entity recognize all derivatives, as defined, as either assets or liabilities measured at fair value. The Company uses swaps and treasury futures to manage its exposure to market and credit risks from changes in certain equity prices, interest rates, and volatility and does not hold or issue swaps and treasury futures for speculative or trading purposes. These swaps and treasury futures are not designated as hedges, and changes in fair values of these derivatives are recognized in earnings as gains (losses) on derivative contracts. There were no swaps and treasury futures included in investments in securities in the condensed statements of financial condition at September 30, 2007. The fair value of swaps and treasury futures are included in investments in securities in the condensed consolidated statement of financial condition at September 30, 2006, and gains and losses from the swaps are included in the condensed consolidated statements of income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006. The market value of derivatives was $17.8 million at September 30, 2006.
 
At September 30, 2007 and 2006, the market value of investments available for sale was $137.2 million and $92.6 million, respectively.  At September 30, 2007 and 2006, the total gains for available for sale securities with net gains were $34.4 million and $9.6 million, respectively, while total losses for securities with net losses were $3.6 million and $0.0 million, respectively. Unrealized gains in market value, net of management fee and taxes, of $17.8 million and $4.8 million have been included in stockholders’ equity as at September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 
Proceeds from sales of investments available for sale were approximately $0.4 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2007.  There were no sales of investments available for sale during the three months ended September 30, 2006. Proceeds from sales of investments available for sale were approximately $2.6 million and $1.5 million for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively.  For the three months ended September 30, 2007, gross gains on the sale of investments available for sale amounted to $184,000; there were no gross losses on the sale of investments available for sale. For the first nine months of 2007 and 2006, gross gains on the sale of investments available for sale amounted to $657,000 and $442,000, respectively; there were no gross losses on the sale of investments available for sale.
 
D. Investments in Partnerships and Affiliates

Beginning January 1, 2006, the provisions of FIN 46R and EITF 04-5 required consolidation of the majority of our investment partnerships and offshore funds managed by our subsidiaries into our consolidated financial statements.  However, since we amended the agreements of certain investment partnerships and an offshore fund on March 31, 2006, FIN 46R and EITF 04-5 only required us to consolidate these entities on our condensed consolidated statement of income and condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the first quarter 2006. The business purpose of amending the agreements was to avoid having to consolidate them.  There was no economic impact of giving up presumptive control of these entities. We were not required to consolidate these entities on our condensed consolidated statement of financial condition at March 31, 2006.  In addition, these partnerships and offshore funds, for which the agreements were amended, were not required to be consolidated within our condensed consolidated statement of income and condensed consolidated statement of cash flows or on our condensed consolidated statement of financial condition for any period subsequent to the first quarter 2006 and will continue to not be required as long as GAMCO does not maintain direct or indirect control over the investment partnerships and offshore funds, which remains the case at and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007.  For the nine months ended September 30, 2006, the consolidation of these entities had no effect on net income but did affect the classification of income between operating and other income.
 
The consolidation of the entities whose agreements were amended to add the substantive kickout rights and were not consolidated at and after March 31, 2006 but whose results of operations were consolidated for the three months ended March 31, 2006 had the following impact on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2006: decrease to distribution fees and other income revenues of $0.9 million, increase to other operating expenses of $0.2 million, decrease in operating income of $1.0 million, increase to net gain from investments of $13.6 million, increase to interest and dividend income of $1.3 million, increase to interest expense of $0.6 million, increase to income taxes of $4.9 million and an increase to minority interest of $8.2 million.  There was no impact on net income for the three months ended March 31, 2006.  The impact on the cash flows for the three month ended March 31, 2006 was as follows:  $627.9 million in purchase of trading investments in securities and securities sold short, $609.4 million in proceeds from sales of trading investments in securities and securities sold short, $28.2 million in contributions related to investment partnerships and offshore funds consolidated under FIN 46R and EITF 04-5, net, $13.8 million of income related to investment partnerships and offshore funds consolidated under FIN 46R and EITF 04-5, net, $11.5 million increase in receivable from brokers, $11.7 million of realized gains on sales of investments in securities and securities sold short, net, $11.4 million decrease in accrued expenses and other liabilities, $6.3 million increase in payable to brokers, $4.7million increase in unrealized value of investments in securities and securities sold short, net, $0.3 million of investments in partnerships and affiliates, $0.4 million of equity in net gains from partnerships and affiliates, less than $0.1 million in distributions from partnerships and affiliates, $0.3 million decrease in other assets.
 
     For the three and nine months ended September 2006, we have also consolidated five other investment partnerships and two offshore funds in which we have a direct or indirect controlling financial interest, and we will continue to consolidate these in future periods as long as we continue to maintain a direct or indirect controlling financial interest. From January 1, 2007 to September 30, 2007, we consolidated these same five investment partnerships and one of these offshore funds in which we continue to have a direct or indirect controlling financial interest.
 
     Our balance sheet caption “investments in partnerships and affiliates” does include those investments which we account for under the equity method of accounting.  We reflect the equity in earnings of these equity method investees under the caption net gain from investments on the condensed consolidated statements of income. For the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, profits from these investments were $0.9 million and $1.1 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, profits from these investments were $5.6 million and $4.4 million, respectively.
 
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, the consolidation of investment partnerships and offshore funds in which we have a direct or indirect controlling financial interest had no impact on net income but did result in (a) the elimination of revenues and expenses which are now intercompany transactions; (b) the recording of all the partnerships’ operating expenses of these entities including those pertaining to third-party interests; (c) the recording of all other income of these entities including those pertaining to third-party interests; (d) recording of income tax expense of these entities including those pertaining to third party interests; and (e) the recording of minority interest which offsets the net amount of any of the partnerships’ revenues, operating expenses, other income and income taxes recorded in these respective line items which pertain to third-party interest in these entities.  While this had no impact on net income, the consolidation of these entities did affect the classification of income between operating and other income.  Cash and cash equivalents, investments in securities receivable/payable to brokers and securities sold, not yet repurchased held by investment partnerships and offshore funds, which at September 30, 2007, September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2006 were $2.6 million, $14.7 million and $15.6 million, respectively, consolidated under FIN 46R and EITF 04-5 are also restricted from use for general operating purposes.

E. Debt

In February 2007, the Company retired the $82.3 million in 5.22% Senior Notes due February 17, 2007 plus accrued interest from its cash and cash equivalents and investments. This debt was originally issued in connection with GBL's sale of mandatory convertible securities in February 2002 and was remarketed in November 2004.

On April 18, 2007, the Company and Cascade Investment L.L.C. (“Cascade”) amended the terms of the $50 million convertible note maturing in August 2011, to extend the exercise date for Cascade’s put option from May 15, 2007 to December 17, 2007 and to extend the expiration date of the related letter of credit to December 24, 2007.
10

F. Income Taxes and Adoption of FIN 48
 
The Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) concluded its audit of the 2003 and 2004 federal income tax returns during the third quarter 2007. Total adjustments of $1.4 million were recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2007. The Company’s FIN 48 liability decreased by approximately $0.3 million as a result of the conclusion of these audits.  The 2005 and 2006 federal income tax returns remain subject to potential future audit by the IRS.
 
The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2007 was 42.2% compared to the prior year quarter’s effective rate of 37.5%.  The higher effective tax rate in 2007 is a result of IRS audit adjustments, without which our effective tax rate would have been 37.7%. The effective tax rate was 40.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 as compared to 38.9% in the prior year’s comparable period. The effective rate for the quarter before IRS audit adjustments would be 38.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.
 
In June 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”), which is an interpretation of FAS 109. This interpretation prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The Company adopted this interpretation on January 1, 2007.
 
In May 2007, the FASB issued FSP FIN 48-1, “Definition of Settlement in FASB Interpretation No. 48”, amending FSP FIN 48 to clarify that a tax position could be effectively settled upon examination by a taxing authority. We have updated our schedule of uncertain tax positions and the impact of taxes, interest, and penalties has been reflected within our income tax provision and disclosed within our footnotes to the financial statements.

As of January 1, 2007, the Company had a gross unrecognized tax benefit of approximately $2.6 million, of which recognition of $2.5 million would impact the Company’s effective tax rate.  As of September 30, 2007, the total amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits was approximately $3.9 million, of which recognition of $2.6 million would impact the Company’s effective tax rate. As of January 1, 2007, the Company had a cumulative effect of adopting FIN 48 of $0.8 million, and an adjustment was recorded to retained earnings upon such adoption.

The Company’s historical accounting policy with respect to penalties and interest related to tax uncertainties has been to classify these amounts as income taxes, and the Company continued this classification upon the adoption of FIN 48.  As of January 1, 2007, the total amount of accrued penalties and interest related to uncertain tax positions recognized in the condensed consolidated statement of financial condition was approximately $1.4 million. 
 
      The Company is currently being audited in one state jurisdiction for its income tax returns filed between 1999 and 2003.  It is reasonably possible that the Company will conclude the audits of 1999 and 2000 within the next 12-month period, and it is estimated that the Company’s FIN 48 liability could decrease by approximately $0.8 million upon the conclusion of these audits.  The state income tax returns for all years after 2002 are subject to potential future audit by tax authorities in the Company’s major state tax jurisdictions.

Income tax expense is based on pre-tax financial accounting income, including adjustments made for the recognition or derecognition related to uncertain tax positions.  The recognition or derecognition of income tax expense related to uncertain tax positions is determined under the guidance as prescribed by FIN 48.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to be recovered or concluded.  The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in earnings in the period that includes the enactment date.
 
G. Earnings Per Share

 The computations of basic and diluted net income per share are as follows:

(in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2007
   
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2006 (a)
   
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2007
   
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2006 (a)
 
Basic:
                       
Net income
  $
18,337
    $
17,043
    $
55,498
    $
44,947
 
Average shares outstanding
   
28,106
     
28,254
     
28,164
     
28,644
 
Basic net income per share
  $
0.65
    $
0.60
    $
1.97
    $
1.57
 
                                 
Diluted:
                               
Net income
  $
18,337
    $
17,043
    $
55,498
    $
44,947
 
Add interest expense on convertible note, net of management fee and taxes
   
429
     
364
     
1,286
     
1,067
 
Total
  $
18,766
    $
17,407
    $
56,784
    $
46,014
 
                                 
Average shares outstanding
   
28,106
     
28,254
     
28,164
     
28,644
 
Dilutive stock options
   
50
     
22
     
41
     
30
 
Assumed conversion of convertible note
   
943
     
959
     
943
     
961
 
Total
   
29,099
     
29,235
     
29,148
     
29,635
 
Diluted net income per share
  $
0.64
    $ 0.60   $
1.95
    $
1.55
 

 
(a)  
As restated to reflect the reversal of certain previously-accrued expenses for investment partnership compensation as described in Note A of this report on Form 10-Q.
  
 
 
 
11

H. Stockholders’ Equity
 
Shares outstanding on September 30, 2007 were 28.1 million, level with June 30, 2007 shares and approximately 0.6% lower than 28.2 million shares outstanding on September 30, 2006.  Fully diluted shares outstanding for the third quarter of 2007 were 29.1 million, level with second quarter 2007 fully diluted shares outstanding and 0.5% below our fully diluted shares of 29.2 million for the third quarter 2006.
 
On July 10, 2007, we declared a special dividend of $1.00 per share that was paid on July 30, 2007 to shareholders of record on July 23, 2007. Our regular dividend of $0.03 per share was declared on August 7, 2007 and paid on September 28, 2007 to holders of record on September 14, 2007.

Stock Award and Incentive Plan

Effective January 1, 2003, we adopted the fair value recognition provisions of FAS No. 123 in accordance with the transition and disclosure provisions under the recently issued FAS No. 148, “Accounting for Stock Based Compensation – Transition and Disclosure.”

We adopted FAS 123 (R) on January 1, 2005.  In light of our modified prospective adoption of the fair value recognition provisions of FAS 123 (R) for all grants of employee stock options, the adoption of FAS 123 (R) did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.  For the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, we recognized stock-based compensation expense of $24,000 and $16,000, respectively.  For the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, we recognized stock-based compensation expense of $68,000 and $36,000, respectively.   The total compensation costs related to non-vested awards not yet recognized are approximately $170,000.  These will be recognized as expense in the following periods:
 
Remainder of
2007
   
2008
   
2009
   
2010
 
$
24,000
    $
89,000
    $
47,000
    $
10,000
 
 
Proceeds from the exercise of 1,000 and 11,900 stock options were $29,000 and $210,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The exercise of the options resulted in a tax benefit to GAMCO of $5,000 and $79,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Proceeds from the exercise of 9,150 and 26,950 stock options were $238,000 and $542,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, resulting in a tax benefit to GAMCO of $62,000 and $166,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 
Stock Repurchase Program
 
      In the third quarter of 2007, we repurchased 52,000 shares at an average investment of $47.31 per share. Through September 30, 2007, we repurchased 4,835,858 class A common shares at an average investment of $39.66 per share since our buyback program was initiated in March 1999. The total amount of shares currently available for repurchase under the current authorization is approximately 882,000 shares at September 30, 2007.
 
I. Goodwill

In accordance with FAS 142 “Accounting for Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” we assess the recoverability of goodwill and other intangible assets at least annually, or more often should events warrant, using a present value cash flow method.  There was no impairment charge recorded for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively.  For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, there was an impairment charge of $56,000 recorded as a result of the voluntary deregistration of an inactive broker dealer subsidiary. There was no impairment charge recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2006. At September 30, 2007 and 2006, there remains $3.5 million of goodwill related to our 92%-owned subsidiary, Gabelli Securities, Inc. included in Other assets in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.

J.  Other Matters

Since September 2003, GAMCO and certain of its subsidiaries have cooperated with inquiries from the N.Y. Attorney General's office and the SEC by providing documents and testimony regarding certain mutual fund share trading practices.  As a result of discussions with the SEC for a potential resolution of their inquiry, GAMCO recorded a reserve against earnings of approximately $15 million in 2006, which is included within the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.  In February 2007, one of our advisory subsidiaries made an offer of settlement to the SEC staff for communication to the Commission for its consideration to resolve this matter. This offer of settlement is subject to final agreement regarding the specific language of the SEC’s administrative order and other settlement documents. Since these discussions are ongoing, we cannot determine at this time whether they will ultimately result in a settlement of this matter and whether our reserves will be sufficient to cover any payments by GAMCO related to such a settlement. In the third quarter 2007, GAMCO received reimbursement for a portion of its insurance claim for legal fees and expenses related to this matter. The insurance carrier paid $3.8 million of legal fees and expenses submitted for reimbursement in prior quarters which have reduced other operating expenses for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 in the condensed consolidated statements of income.
 
We indemnify our clearing brokers for losses they may sustain from the customer accounts introduced by our broker-dealer subsidiaries.  In accordance with NYSE rules, customer balances are typically collateralized by customer securities or supported by other recourse provisions.  In addition, we further limit margin balances to a maximum of 25% versus 50% permitted under Regulation T of the Federal Reserve Board and exchange regulations.  At September 30, 2007 and 2006, the total amount of customer balances subject to indemnification (i.e. margin debits) was immaterial.  The Company also has entered into arrangements with various other third parties which provide for indemnification of the third parties or the Company against losses, costs, claims and liabilities arising from the performance of obligations under the agreements, except for generally gross negligence or bad faith.  The Company has had no claims or payments pursuant to these or prior agreements, and we believe the likelihood of a claim being made is remote.  Utilizing the methodology in the FASB issued Interpretation No. 45, “Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others”, our estimate of the value of such agreements is de minimis, and therefore an accrual has not been made in the condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
12

 
K. Subsequent Events
 
      On November 5, 2007, the Company filed a preliminary proxy statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission announcing that a special shareholder meeting will be held. The meeting is scheduled to occur during the fourth quarter 2007. At this meeting, shareholders will be asked to (a) approve, subject to final action by the Company's Board of Directors, the distribution to our shareholders of the shares of common stock of Gabelli Advisers, Inc. that the Company owns, (b) whether to recommend that the Company's Board of Directors consider the conversion and reclassifcation of the Company's shares of Class B Common Stock into Class A Common Stock at a ratio of 1.15 shares of Class A Common Stock for each share of Class B Common Stock, and (c) to approve the amended and restated Employment Agreement with the Company's Chairman and CEO.
 
      On November 6, 2007, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.03 per share to be paid on December 28, 2007 to shareholders of record on December 14, 2007.
 
      On November 6, 2007, our Board of Directors and Compensation Committee discussed the granting of approximately 500,000 restricted stock awards to the Company's employees during the fourth quarter 2007.
 
13


ITEM 2:
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (INCLUDING QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK)

Overview

GAMCO Investors, Inc. (NYSE: GBL), well known for its Private Market Value (PMV) with a CatalystTR investment approach, is a widely-recognized provider of investment advisory services to mutual funds, institutional and high net worth investors, and investment partnerships, principally in the United States.  Through Gabelli & Company, Inc., we provide institutional research services to institutional clients and investment partnerships.  We generally manage assets on a discretionary basis and invest in a variety of U.S. and international securities through various investment styles.  Our revenues are based primarily on the firm’s levels of assets under management, certain performance fees, and fees associated with our various investment products.

Since 1977, we have been identified with and have enhanced the “value” style approach to investing. Our investment objective is to earn a superior risk-adjusted return for our clients over the long-term through our proprietary fundamental research.  In addition to our value portfolios, we offer our clients a broad array of investment strategies that includes global, growth, international and convertible products.  We also manage assets under performance fee arrangements including investment products that provide a series of long-short investment opportunities in market and sector specific opportunities, offerings of non-market correlated investments in merger arbitrage, as well as fixed income strategies.

Our revenues are highly correlated to the level of assets under management and fees associated with our various investment products, rather than our own corporate assets.  Assets under management, which are directly influenced by the level and changes of the overall equity markets, can also fluctuate through acquisitions, the creation of new products, the addition of new accounts or the loss of existing accounts.  Since various equity products have different fees, changes in our business mix may also affect revenues.  At times, the performance of our equity products may differ markedly from popular market indices, and this can also impact our revenues.  It is our belief that general stock market trends will have the greatest impact on our level of assets under management and hence, revenues.  This becomes increasingly likely as the base of assets grows.
 
We conduct our investment advisory business principally through: GAMCO Asset Management Inc. (Separate Accounts), Gabelli Funds, LLC (Mutual Funds) and Gabelli Securities, Inc. (Investment Partnerships).  We also act as an underwriter, are a distributor of our open-end mutual funds and provide institutional research through Gabelli & Company, Inc., our broker-dealer subsidiary.
 
Assets Under Management (AUM) were a record $31.6 billion as of September 30, 2007, 3.3% higher than June 30, 2007 AUM of $30.6 billion and 18.9% higher than September 30, 2006 AUM of $26.6 billion.  Equity assets under management were a record $30.6 billion on September 30, 2007, 2.1% more than June 30, 2007 equity assets of $29.9 billion and 18.2% above the $25.9 billion on September 30, 2006. Our closed-end equity funds at September 30, 2007 were level with June 30, 2007 AUM of $6.4 billion and were 20.9% higher than the $5.3 billion on September 30, 2006. Our open-end equity fund AUM were a record $9.9 billion on September 30, 2007, a 3.5% gain from $9.5 billion on June 30, 2007 and 25.6% higher than the $7.9 billion at September 30, 2006. Our institutional and high net worth business had $13.8 billion in separately managed accounts on September 30, 2007, an increase of 2.0% over June 30, 2007 AUM of $13.5 billion and 12.6% over September 30, 2006 AUM of $12.2 billion. Our investment partnerships AUM were $491 million on September 30, 2007 versus $486 million on June 30, 2007 and $488 million on September 30, 2006. We receive incentive and fulcrum fees for our investment partnership assets, certain institutional client assets, preferred issues of our closed-end funds and our new closed-end fund launched in January 2007, the Gabelli Global Deal Fund.  As of September 30, 2007, assets generating performance-based fees were $3.7 billion, an increase of 1.6% versus the $3.6 billion on June 30, 2007 and a 24.3% increase over the $3.0 billion on September 30, 2006. Fixed income AUM, primarily money market mutual funds, totaled $1.1 billion on September 30, 2007 compared to AUM of $705 million on June 30, 2007 and AUM of $737 million on September 30, 2006.

14


The company reported Assets Under Management as follows:
 Table I:  
 Assets Under Management (millions)  
 
Mutual Funds:
 
September 30, 2006
   
September 30, 2007
   
% Inc. (Dec.)
 
Open-end
  $
7,854
    $
9,866
      25.6  %
Closed-end
   
5,327
     
6,443
     
20.9
 
Fixed Income
   
683
     
1,048
       53.4  
Total Mutual Funds
   
13,864
     
17,357
     
25.2
 
Institutional & Separate Accounts:
                       
Equities: direct
   
9,470
     
11,266
     
19.0
 
“        sub-advisory
   
2,725
     
2,494
      (8.5
Fixed Income
   
54
     
27
      (50.0 )
Total Institutional & Separate Accounts
   
12,249
     
13,787
     
12.6
 
Investment Partnerships
   
488
     
491
       0.6  
Total Assets Under Management
  $
26,601
    $
31,635
     
18.9
 
                         
Equities
  $
25,864
    $
30,560
     
18.2
 
Fixed Income
   
737
     
1,075
       45.9  
Total Assets Under Management
  $
26,601
    $
31,635
     
18.9
 

 
 Table II:  
Assets Under Management (millions)
 
                                 
% Increase/(decrease)
 
Mutual Funds
   
9/06
     
12/06
     
3/07
     
6/07
     
9/07
     
6/07
     
9/06
 
Open-end
  $
7,854
    $
8,389
    $
8,858
    $
9,529
    $
9,866
      3.5  %     25.6  %
Closed-end
   
5,327
     
5,806
     
6,188
     
6,412
     
6,443
     
0.5
     
20.9
 
Fixed income
   
683
     
744
     
591
     
684
     
1,048
     
53.2
      53.4  
Total Mutual Funds
   
13,864
     
14,939
     
15,637
     
16,625
     
17,357
      4.4      
25.2
 
Institutional & Separate Accounts:
                                                       
Equities: direct
   
9,470
     
10,282
     
10,587
     
11,116
     
11,266
     
1.3
     
19.0
 
“        sub-advisory
   
2,725
     
2,340
     
2,608
     
2,383
     
2,494
      4.7       (8.5 )
Fixed Income
   
54
     
50
     
49
     
21
     
27
      28.6       (50.0 )
Total Institutional & Separate Accounts
   
12,249
     
12,672
     
13,244
     
13,520
     
13,787
     
2.0
     
12.6
 
Investment Partnerships
   
488
     
491
     
477
     
486
     
491
     
1.0
      0.6  
Total Assets Under Management
  $
26,601
    $
28,102
    $
29,358
    $
30,631
    $
31,635
     
3.3
     
18.9
 

Table III:
Fund Flows – 3rd Quarter 2007 (millions)
   
 
 
 
 
June 30,
2007
Net
Cash Flows
Market
Appreciation / (Depreciation)
September 30,
2007

Mutual Funds:
                       
Equities
  $
15,941
    $
88
    $
280
    $
16,309
 
Fixed Income
   
684
     
356
     
8
     
1,048
 
Total Mutual Funds
   
16,625
     
444
     
288
     
17,357
 
Institutional & Separate Accounts
                               
Equities: direct
   
11,116
      34      
116
     
11,266
 
“        sub-advisory
   
2,383
      85      
26
     
2,494
 
Fixed Income
   
21
      6      
-
     
27
 
Total Institutional & Separate Accounts
   
13,520
      125      
142
     
13,787
 
                                 
Investment Partnerships
   
486
      2      
3
     
491
 
Total Assets Under Management
  $
30,631
    $ 571     $
433
    $
31,635
 
 
 
15

Regulatory

On September 3, 2003, the New York Attorney General’s office (“NYAG”) announced that it had found evidence of widespread improper trading involving mutual fund shares.  These transactions included the “late trading” of mutual fund shares after the 4:00 p.m. pricing cutoff and “time zone arbitrage” of mutual fund shares designed to exploit pricing inefficiencies.  Since the NYAG’s announcement, FINRA, the SEC, the NYAG and officials of other states have been conducting inquiries into and bringing enforcement actions related to trading abuses in mutual fund shares.  We received information requests and subpoenas from the SEC and the NYAG in connection with their inquiries and have complied with these requests for documents and testimony. We implemented additional compliance policies and procedures in response to recent industry initiatives and an internal review of our mutual fund practices and procedures in a variety of areas.  A special committee of all of our independent directors was also formed to review various issues involving mutual fund share transactions and was assisted by independent counsel.

As part of our review, hundreds of documents were examined and approximately fifteen individuals were interviewed.  We found no evidence that any employee participated in or facilitated any “late trading”.  We also found no evidence of any improper trading in our mutual funds by our investment professionals or senior executives.  As we previously reported, we did find that in August of 2002, we banned an account, which had been engaging in frequent trading in our Global Growth Fund (the prospectus of which did not impose limits on frequent trading) and which had made a small investment in one of our hedge funds, from further transactions with our firm. Certain other investors had been banned prior to that.  We also found that certain discussions took place in 2002 and 2003 between GAMCO’s staff and personnel of an investment advisor regarding possible frequent trading in certain Gabelli domestic equity funds.  In June 2006, we began discussions with the SEC staff for a potential resolution of their inquiry.  In February 2007, one of our advisory subsidiaries made an offer of settlement to the SEC staff for communication to the Commission for its consideration to resolve this matter. This offer of settlement is subject to final agreement regarding the specific language of the SEC’s administrative order and other settlement documents. As a result of these developments, we recorded a reserve of approximately $15.0 million in 2006. Since these discussions are ongoing, we cannot determine at this time whether they will ultimately result in a settlement of this matter and whether our reserves will be sufficient to cover any payments by GAMCO related to such a settlement. In the third quarter 2007, GAMCO received reimbursement for a portion of its insurance claim for legal fees and expenses related to this matter. The insurance carrier paid $3.8 million of legal fees and expenses submitted for reimbursement in prior quarters.

In September 2005, we were informed by the staff of the SEC that they may recommend to the Commission that one of our advisory subsidiaries be held accountable for the actions of two of the eight closed-end funds managed by the subsidiary relating to Section 19(a) and Rule 19a-1 of the Investment Company Act of 1940.  These provisions require registered investment companies to provide written statements to shareholders when a dividend is made from a source other than net investment income.  While the funds sent annual statements containing the required information and Form 1099-Div statements as required by the IRS, the funds did not send written statements to shareholders with each distribution in 2002 and 2003.  The staff indicated that they may recommend to the Commission that administrative remedies be sought, including a monetary penalty. The closed-end funds changed their notification procedures, and we believe that all of the funds are now in compliance.

In response to industry-wide inquiries and enforcement actions, a number of regulatory and legislative initiatives were introduced.  The SEC has proposed and adopted a number of rules under the Investment Company Act and the Investment Advisers Act and is currently studying potential major revisions of other rules.  The SEC adopted rules requiring written compliance programs for registered investment advisers and registered investment companies and additional disclosures regarding portfolio management and advisory contract renewals.  In addition, several bills were introduced in a prior Congress that, if adopted, would have amended the Investment Company Act.  These proposals, if reintroduced and enacted, or if adopted by the SEC, could have a substantial impact on the regulation and operation of our registered and unregistered funds.  For example, certain of these proposals would, among other things, limit or eliminate Rule 12b-1 distribution fees, limit or prohibit third party soft dollar arrangements and restrict the management of hedge funds and mutual funds by the same portfolio manager.

The investment management industry is likely to continue facing a high level of regulatory scrutiny and become subject to additional rules designed to increase disclosure, tighten controls and reduce potential conflicts of interest.  In addition, the SEC has substantially increased its use of focused inquiries in which it requests information from a number of fund complexes regarding particular practices or provisions of the securities laws.  We participate in some of these inquiries in the normal course of our business.  Changes in laws, regulations and administrative practices by regulatory authorities, and the associated compliance costs, have increased our cost structure and could in the future have a material impact.
 
16

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes thereto included in Item 1 to this report.
 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2007 Compared To Three Months Ended September 30, 2006

Condensed Consolidated Results – Three Months Ended September 30:
(Unaudited; in thousands, except per share data)
             
   
2007
   
2006 (a)
 
             
Revenues
           
  Investment advisory and incentive fees
  $
58,392
    $ 49,751  
  Commission revenue
   
3,494
      2,799  
  Distribution fees and other income
   
6,583
      5,444  
     Total revenues
   
68,469
      57,994  
Expenses
               
  Compensation and related costs
   
29,064
      23,852  
  Management fee
   
3,541
      3,058  
  Distribution costs
   
6,099
      5,023  
  Other operating expenses
   
2,665
      7,564  
     Total expenses
   
41,369
      39,497  
Operating income
   
27,100
      18,497  
Other income (expense)
               
  Net gain from investments
   
514
      4,663  
  Interest and dividend income
   
6,810
      7,665  
  Interest expense
    (2,828 )     (3,368 )
Total other income, net
   
4,496
     
8,960
 
Income before taxes and minority interest
   
31,596
      27,457  
  Income tax provision
   
13,340
      10,296  
  Minority interest
   
(81
   
118
 
Net income
  $
18,337
    $ 17,043  
                 
Net income per share:
               
   Basic
  $
0.65
    $
0.60
 
   Diluted
  $
0.64
    $
0.60
 
                 
Reconciliation of Net income to Adjusted EBITDA:
               
                 
Net income
  $
18,337
    $ 17,043  
Interest Expense
   
2,828
      3,368  
Income tax provision and minority interest
    13,259       10,414  
Depreciation and amortization
   
217
     
221
 
Adjusted EBITDA(b)
  $
34,641
    $
31,046
 
 
 
(a) As restated to reflect the reversal of certain previously-accrued expenses for investment partnership compensation as described in note A in item 1 of this report on Form 10-Q.
 
(b) Adjusted EBITDA is defined as earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, and minority interest.  Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure and should not be considered as an alternative to any measure of performance as promulgated under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States nor should it be considered as an indicator of our overall financial performance.  We use Adjusted EBITDA as a supplemental measure of performance as we believe it gives investors a more complete understanding of our operating results before the impact of investing and financing activities as a tool for determining the private market value of an enterprise.

Total revenues were $68.5 million in the third quarter of 2007 up $10.5 million or 18.1% from total revenues of $58.0 million reported in the third quarter of 2006.  Operating income was $27.1 million, an increase of $8.6 million or 46.5% from the $18.5 million in the third quarter of 2006.  Total other income, net of interest expense, decreased to $4.5 million for the third quarter 2007, half of the $9.0 million for third quarter 2006.  In the short-run, our results remain sensitive to changes in the equity market.  Net income for the quarter was $18.3 million or $0.64 per fully diluted share versus $17.0 million or $0.60 per fully diluted share in the prior year’s quarter.
 
Investment advisory and incentive fees increased to $58.4 million, an increase of $8.6 million or 17.4% compared to the revenues in 2006. Our closed-end funds revenues climbed 19.5% to $12.8 million in the third quarter 2007 from $10.7 million in 2006, driven by investment returns and the launch of our new fund, the Gabelli Global Deal Fund. Open-end mutual funds revenues grew 23.1% to $24.1 million from $19.6 million in the third quarter 2006, primarily due to investment performance. Institutional and high net worth separate accounts revenues increased 14.7% to $21.0 million from $18.3 million in third quarter 2006, as a result of greater investment performance. Investment Partnership revenues were $0.5 million, down 54.2%, or $0.6 million from the 2006 quarter.  A decrease in Investment Partnership AUM led to lower management fees as well as a decline in incentive fees.
 
Commission revenues from our institutional research business, Gabelli & Company, Inc., continued to climb, up 24.8% from the prior year at $3.5 million.  The increase was primarily due to continued recognition of our growing institutional research and sales efforts.
 
Mutual fund distribution fees and other income were $6.6 million for the third quarter 2007, an increase of $1.2 million, or 20.9%, higher than the $5.4 million in third quarter 2006.
 
17

Total expenses, excluding management fee, were $37.8 million in the third quarter of 2007, a 3.8% increase from total expenses of $36.4 million in the third quarter of 2006.  Included as a reduction of third quarter 2007 total expenses are the receipt of a portion of insurance claims for legal fees and expenses. The insurance carrier paid $3.8 million of claims submitted for reimbusement in prior quarters.
 
Compensation and related costs, which are largely variable, of $29.1 million were $5.2 million or 21.9% higher than the $23.9 million recorded in the prior year period.  This increase was primarily due to higher variable compensation of $4.0 million, directly a result of higher revenues, and increased fixed compensation of $1.2 million.
 
Management fee expense, which is totally variable and based on pretax income, was $3.5 million versus $3.1 million in 2006.
 
Distribution costs were $6.1 million, $1.1 million or 21.4% above the prior year’s period.

Other operating expenses, including GAMCO's receipt of a portion of proceeds from an insurance carrier, decreased to $2.7 million from $7.6 million in third quarter 2006. The decrease is due to the recovery of these insurance claims, without which operating expenses would have been $6.5 million.
 
Total other income (which represents primarily investment income from our proprietary investments), net of interest expense, was $4.5 million for the third quarter 2007 compared to $9.0 million in 2006.
 
Interest expense decreased approximately $0.5 million from the prior year third quarter amount of $3.4 million.
 
The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2007 was 42.2% compared to the prior year quarter’s effective rate of 37.5%.  The higher effective tax rate reflects adjustments as we settled tax audit open items in tax returns prior to 2004, without which our effective tax rate would have been 37.7% for the period.

Minority interest decreased by $0.2 million year over year.
 
In the first quarter of 2006, the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 46R (“FIN 46R”) and Emerging Issue Task Force 04-5 (“EITF 04-5”) required the consolidation of our investment partnerships and offshore funds managed by our subsidiaries into our consolidated financial statements. However, since we amended the agreements of five investment partnerships and an offshore fund on March 31, 2006 to add substantive kickout rights, FIN 46R and EITF 04-5 only required us to consolidate these entities on our consolidated condensed statement of income for the first quarter 2006.  Accordingly, to provide a better understanding of our core results and trends, GAMCO has provided the 2006 results before adjusting the first quarter 2006 results for FIN 46R and EITF 04-5 on these partnerships and this fund.  These results are not presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) in the United States.  A reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures to results presented in accordance with GAAP is presented on page 19.
 
18


Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007 Compared To Nine Months Ended September 30, 2006

Condensed Consolidated Results – Nine Months Ended September 30th:
(Unaudited; in thousands, except per share data)
   
2006 (a)
   
2006 (b)
   
Adjust-
ments(c)
   
2006 (d)
   
2007 (e)
Revenues
                           
Investment advisory and incentive fees
  $
154,698
    $
154,622
    $ (887 )   $
153,735
    $
172,606
 
Commission revenue
   
8,973
     
9,179
     
-
     
9,179
     
11,550
 
Distribution fees and other income
   
16,229
     
16,023
     
-
     
16,023
     
19,196
 
Total revenues
   
179,900
     
179,824
      (887 )    
178,937
     
203,352
 
Expenses
                                   
Compensation and related costs
   
75,459
     
74,064
     
-
     
74,064
     
87,343
 
Management fee
   
8,153
     
8,293
     
-
     
8,293
     
10,391
 
Distribution costs
   
15,568
     
15,567
     
-
     
15,567
     
22,146
 
Other operating expenses
   
22,478
     
22,505
     
162
     
22,667
     
18,693
 
Reserve for settlement
   
11,900
     
11,900
     
-
     
11,900
     
-
 
Total expenses
   
133,558
     
132,329
     
162
     
132,491
     
138,573
 
Operating income
   
46,342
     
47,495
      (1,049 )    
46,446
     
64,779
 
Other income (expense)
                                   
Net gain from investments
   
18,260
     
18,522
     
13,509
     
32,031
     
17,277
 
Interest and dividend income
   
18,824
     
18,899
     
1,250
     
20,149
     
20,978
 
Interest expense
    (10,046 )     (10,057 )     (580 )     (10,637 )     (9,537 )
Total other income, net
   
27,038
     
27,364
     
14,179
     
41,543
     
28,718
 
Income before taxes and minority interest
   
73,380
     
74,859
     
13,130
     
87,989
     
93,497
 
Income tax provision
   
28,718
     
29,273
     
4,924
     
34,197
     
37,403
 
Minority interest
   
437
     
639
     
8,206
     
8,845
     
596
 
Net income
  $
44,225
    $
44,947
    $
-
    $
44,947
    $
55,498
 
                                     
Net income per share:
                                   
Basic
  $
1.54
    $
1.57
    $
-
    $
1.57
    $
1.97
 
Diluted
  $
1.53
    $
1.55
    $
-
    $
1.55
    $
1.95
 
                                     
Reconciliation of Net income to Adjusted EBITDA:
                                   
                                     
Net income
  $
44,225
    $
44,947
    $
-
    $
44,947
    $
55,498
 
Interest Expense
   
10,046
     
10,057
     
580
     
10,637
     
9,537
 
Income tax provision and minority interest
   
29,155
     
29,912
     
13,130
     
43,042
     
37,999
 
Depreciation and amortization
   
665
     
665
     
-
     
665
     
739
 
Adjusted EBITDA (f)
  $
84,091
    $
85,581
    $
13,710
    $
99,291
    $
103,773
 
 
(a)  
As originally reported. Non-GAAP.
(b)  
Financial results before adjustments relating to FIN 46R and EITF 04-5 as described above and in Note D to the condensed consolidated financial statements in this report on Form 10-Q (not GAAP), and as restated to reflect the reversal of certain previously-accrued expenses for investment partnership compensation.
(c)  
Adjustments relating to FIN 46R and EITF 04-5 on five partnerships and one offshore fund on which substantive kick-out rights were added on March 31, 2006.
(d)  
GAAP basis as restated to reflect the reversal of certain previously-accrued expenses for investment partnership compensation as described in note A in item 1 of this report on Form 10-Q.
(e)  
GAAP basis.
(f)  
Adjusted EBITDA is defined as earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, and minority interest.  Adjusted EBITDA is a Non-GAAP measure and should not be considered as an alternative to any measure of performance as promulgated under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States nor should it be considered as an indicator of our overall financial performance.  We use Adjusted EBITDA as a supplemental measure of performance as we believe it gives investors a more complete understanding of our operating results before the impact of investing and financing activities as a tool for determining the private market value of an enterprise.
 
Total revenues were $203.4 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007, up $24.5 million or 13.6% from total revenues of $178.9 million in the prior year’s period.  Operating income was $64.8 million, an increase of $18.4 million or 39.5% from the $46.4 million in 2006.  Total other income, net of interest expense, was $28.7 million compared to $41.5 million in 2006. Net income for the period was $55.5 million or $1.95 per fully diluted share versus $44.9 million or $1.55 per fully diluted share in the prior year’s period.
 
For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, investment advisory fees were $172.6 million, an increase of $18.9 million or 12.3% compared to the year ago period. Our closed-end funds revenues were up 18.0% to $37.4 million versus the $31.7 million in 2006, as a result of investment returns and the addition of The Gabelli Global Deal Fund. Open-end mutual funds revenues grew 15.0% to $68.8 million from $59.8 million in 2006 based on higher average AUM. Larger performance fees contributed to institutional and high net worth separate account revenues increasing 7.6% to $62.8 million from $58.4 million reported in 2006. Investment Partnership revenues were down $0.2 million to $3.5 million from $3.7 million in the prior period.
 
Commission revenues from our institutional research business, Gabelli & Company, Inc., were $11.5 for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, up 25.8% from the prior year’s comparable amount of $9.2 million.  The increase was primarily due to continued recognition of our growing institutional research and sales efforts.
 
Mutual fund distribution fees and other income were $19.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, an increase of $3.2 million, or 19.8%, from the $16.0 million in the 2006 period.

Total expenses, excluding management fee, were $128.2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007, a 3.2% increase from total expenses of $124.2 million in the 2006 period. Included within the nine months ended September 30, 2007 are the recovery of claims from its insurance carrier ($3.8 million), our election to terminate a compensation arrangement for one of our closed-end funds in the second quarter, plus first quarter items relating to the launch expenses of the our new closed-end fund, Gabelli Global Deal Fund, and a one-time charge for charitable gifts.
 
19

Compensation and related costs, which are largely variable, were $87.3 million or 17.9% higher than the $74.1 million recorded in the prior year period.  This increase was primarily due to higher variable compensation of $8.6 million and increased fixed compensation of $4.6 million.
 
Management fee expense, which is totally variable and based on pretax income, was $10.4 million versus $8.3 million in 2006.
 
Distribution costs were $22.1 million, an increase of 42.3% from $15.6 million in the prior year’s period due to the termination of a closed-end fund compensation agreement, which increased distribution costs by $4.2 million for the period.
 
Other operating expenses decreased by $4.0 million to $18.7 million in the first nine months of 2007 from the prior year period of $22.7 million, excluding the previously mentioned $12 million reserve in the first nine months of 2006. Included within the nine months ended September 30, 2007 are the previously disclosed recovery of claims from its insurance carrier of $3.8 million.
 
Other income, net of interest expense, was $28.7 million in the first nine months of 2007, a decline of $12.8 million from $41.5 million in the first nine months of 2006. Interest expense fell to $9.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 from $10.6 million for the prior year period. The decrease was primarily due to lower debt outstanding as a result of the retirement of the 5.22% senior notes in February 2007.
 
The actual effective tax rate was 40.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 as compared to 38.9% in the prior year’s comparable period. The effective rate before tax audit adjustments would be 38.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.

Minority interest decreased to $0.6 million in 2007 from $8.8 million in 2006 principally due to adjustments related to the consolidation of investment partnerships and offshore fund in accordance with FIN 46R and EITF 04-5 during first quarter 2006.
 
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Our assets are primarily liquid, consisting mainly of cash, short term investments, securities held for investment purposes and investments in partnerships and affiliates in which we are a general partner, limited partner or investment manager. Investments in partnerships and affiliates are generally illiquid; however the underlying investments in such entities are generally liquid and the valuations of the investment partnerships and affiliates reflect this underlying liquidity.

Summary cash flow data is as follows:

   
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(in thousands)
 
Cash flows provided by (used in):
 
2007
   
2006 (a)
 
Operating activities
  $
202,532
    $ (32,515 )
Investing activities
    (23,300 )     (3,447 )
Financing activities
    (121,483 )     (26,810 )
Decrease
    57,749     (62,772 )
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents
   
31
      (54 )
Net increase in cash from partnerships and offshore funds consolidated under FIN 46R and EITF 04-5
   
-
     
1,754
 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
   
138,113
     
173,161
 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $
195,893
    $
112,089
 
 
(a) As restated to reflect the reversal of certain previously-accrued expenses for investment partnership compensation as described in Note A of this report on Form 10-Q.
 
Cash requirements and liquidity needs have historically been met through cash generated by operating activities and through our borrowing capacity.  We have received investment grade ratings from both Moody’s Investors Services and Standard & Poor’s Rating Services.  These investment grade ratings expand our ability to attract both public and private capital.   Our shelf registrations provide us opportunistic flexibility to sell any combination of senior and subordinate debt securities, convertible debt securities, equity securities (including common and preferred stock), and other securities up to a total amount of $520 million.

At September 30, 2007, we had total cash and cash equivalents of $195.9 million, an increase of $57.8 million from December 31, 2006.  Gabelli has established a collateral account, consisting of cash and cash equivalents and investments in securities totaling $51.9 million, to secure a letter of credit issued in favor of the holder of the $50 million 6% convertible note.  On April 18, 2007, a put option the note holder may exercise was extended from May 15, 2007 to December 17, 2007 and the letter of credit was extended from May 15, 2007 to December 24, 2007.  Cash and cash equivalents and investments in securities held in the collateral account are restricted from other uses until the date of expiration. Cash and cash equivalents and investments in securities held by investment partnerships and offshore funds consolidated under FIN 46R and EITF 04-5 are also restricted from use for general operating purposes. Total debt outstanding at September 30, 2007 was $150.0 million, consisting of the $50 million 6% convertible note and $100 million of 5.5% non-callable senior notes due May 15, 2013.  In February 2007, the Company retired the $82.3 million in 5.22% Senior Notes due February 17, 2007.
 
For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, cash provided by operating activities was $202.5 million principally resulting from $55.5 million in net income, proceeds from sales of investments in securities of $1.2 billion, a $20.3 million decrease in receivable from brokers, $15.7 million in distributions from partnerships and affiliates, a $12.5 million decrease in investment advisory fee receivable, and a $3.8 million increase in income taxes payable. This was partially offset by $1.1 billion in purchases of investments in securities, $18.0 million in purchases of investments in partnerships and affiliates and a $28.0 million decrease in payable to brokers.
 
Cash used in investing activities, related to purchases and sales of available for sale securities, was $23.3 million in the first nine months of 2007.
 
Cash used in financing activities in the first nine months of 2007 was $121.5 million.  The decrease in cash was primarily due to the $82.3 million retirement of senior notes and $38.2 million in dividends paid and the repurchase of our class A common stock under the Stock Repurchase Program.
 
20

Cash used in operating activities was $32.5 million in the first nine months of 2006 principally resulting from $838 million in purchases of investments in securities, a $36.8 million increase in receivable from brokers, $4.4 million in purchases of investments in partnerships and affiliates and $39.9 million from the net effects of the FIN 46R and EITF 04-5 consolidation.  This was partially offset by $44.9 million in net income, proceeds from sales of investments in securities of $804.7 million, $11.8 million in distributions from investments in partnerships and affiliates and an increase in compensation payable of $10.6 million.  Excluding the net effects of the consolidation of investment partnerships and offshore funds, our cash provided by operating activities was $7.4 million.
 
Cash used in investing activities, related to purchases and sales of available for sale securities, was $3.4 million in the first nine months of 2006.
 
Cash used in financing activities in the first nine months of 2006 was $26.8 million.  The decrease in cash principally resulted from the repurchase of our class A common stock under the Stock Repurchase Program of $54.4 million partially offset by a $29.6 million in contributions by partners into our investment partnerships. Excluding the net effects of the consolidation of investment partnerships and offshore funds, our net cash used in financing activities was $2.8 million.
 
Based upon our current level of operations and anticipated growth, we expect that our current cash balances plus cash flows from operating activities and our borrowing capacity will be sufficient to finance our working capital needs for the foreseeable future.  We have no material commitments for capital expenditures.
 
Gabelli & Company, Inc., a subsidiary of GAMCO, is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission as a broker-dealer and is a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority. As such, it is subject to the minimum net capital requirements promulgated by the Commission. Gabelli & Company's net capital has historically exceeded these minimum requirements. Gabelli & Company computes its net capital under the alternative method permitted by the Commission, which requires minimum net capital of the greater of $250,000 or 2% of the aggregate debt items in the reserve formula for those broker-dealers subject to Rule 15c3-3.  The requirement was $250,000 at September 30, 2007.  At September 30, 2007, Gabelli & Company had net capital, as defined, of approximately $18.8 million, exceeding the regulatory requirement by approximately $18.5 million.  Gabelli & Company’s net capital, as defined, may be reduced when Gabelli & Company is involved in firm commitment underwriting activities.  This did not occur as of September 30, 2007.
 
Market Risk

Our primary market risk exposure is to changes in equity prices and interest rates.  Since over 95% of our AUM are equities, our financial results are subject to equity-market risk as revenues from our money management services are sensitive to stock market dynamics.  In addition, returns from our proprietary investment portfolio are exposed to interest rate and equity market risk.
 
We are subject to potential losses from certain market risks as a result of absolute and relative price movements in financial instruments due to changes in interest rates, equity prices and other factors.  Our exposure to market risk is directly related to our role as financial intermediary, adviser and general partner for assets under management in our mutual funds, institutional and separate accounts business, investment partnerships and our proprietary investment activities.
 
With respect to our proprietary investment activities, included in investments in securities of $386.2 million at September 30, 2007 were investments in Treasury Bills and Notes of $84.3 million, mutual funds, largely invested in equity products, of $145.0 million, a selection of common and preferred stocks totaling $156.0 million, and other investments of approximately $0.9 million.  Investments in mutual funds generally lower market risk through the diversification of financial instruments within their portfolio.  In addition, we may alter our investment holdings from time to time in response to changes in market risks and other factors considered appropriate by management.  Of the approximately $156.0 million invested in common and preferred stocks at September 30, 2007, $43.2 million was related to our investment in Westwood Holdings Group Inc., and $46.0 million was invested in risk arbitrage opportunities in connection with mergers, consolidations, acquisitions, tender offers or other similar transactions. Securities sold, not yet purchased are financial instruments purchased under agreements to resell and financial instruments sold under agreement to repurchase.  These financial instruments are stated at fair value and are subject to market risks resulting from changes in price and volatility. At September 30, 2007 and 2006, the market value of securities sold, not yet purchased was $10.9 million and $8.5 million, respectively. Investments in partnerships and affiliates totaled $98.0 million at September 30, 2007, the majority of which consisted of investment partnerships and offshore funds which invest in risk arbitrage opportunities.  These transactions generally involve announced deals with agreed-upon terms and conditions, including pricing, which typically involve less market risk than common stocks held in a trading portfolio.  The principal risk associated with risk arbitrage transactions is the inability of the companies involved to complete the transaction.
 
GAMCO’s exposure to interest rate risk results, principally, are from the impact of changes in interest rates in the global market and its investment of excess cash in U.S. Government obligations.  These investments are primarily short term in nature, and the carrying value of these investments generally approximates market value.
 
Our revenues are largely driven by the market value of our assets under management and are therefore exposed to fluctuations in market prices.  Investment advisory fees for mutual funds are based on average daily asset values.  Management fees earned on institutional and high net worth separate accounts, for any given quarter, are generally determined based on asset values on the last day of the preceding quarter.  Any significant increases or decreases in market value of institutional and high net worth separate accounts assets managed which occur on the last day of the quarter will generally result in a related increase or decrease in revenues for the following quarter.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Management believes certain critical accounting policies affect its more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of its consolidated financial statements.  Due to the implementation of Interpretation  No. 48 “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”), we modified our critical accounting policy related to accounting for income taxes, which is listed below.  The Company’s other critical accounting policies and estimates are disclosed in the “Significant Accounting Policies” section of our 2006 Form 10-K/A.

In June 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued FIN 48, to clarify certain aspects of accounting for uncertain tax positions.  FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for income taxes by prescribing a minimum recognition threshold that a tax provision is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements.  FIN 48 also provides guidance on derecognition, measurement, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition.  The Company adopted FIN 48 on January 1, 2007.

Accounting for Income Taxes

Income tax expense is based on pre-tax financial accounting income, including adjustments made for the recognition or derecognition related to uncertain tax positions.  The recognition or derecognition of income tax expense related to uncertain tax positions is determined under the guidance as prescribed by FIN 48.
 
21

Recent Accounting Developments

In February 2006, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments – an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133 and 140,” (“Statement 155”) that amends FASB Statements No. 133 “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” (“Statement 133”) and No. 140 “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities a replacement of FASB Statement 125” (“Statement 140”).  The statement permits fair value remeasurement for any hybrid financial instrument that contains an embedded derivative that otherwise would require bifurcation; clarifies which interest-only strips and principal-only strips are not subject to the requirements of Statement 133; establishes a requirement to evaluate interests in securitized financial assets to identify interests that are freestanding derivatives or that are hybrid financial instruments that contain an embedded derivative requiring bifurcation; clarifies that concentrations of credit risk in the form of subordination are not embedded derivatives; amends Statement 140 to eliminate the prohibition on a qualifying special-purpose entity from holding a derivative financial instrument that pertains to a beneficial interest other than another derivative financial instrument.  Statement 155 does not permit prior period restatement.  The statement is effective for all financial instruments acquired or issued after the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006.  The Company adopted this statement on January 1, 2007.  The impact of adopting this statement has been immaterial to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In April 2006, the FASB issued FSP FIN 46R-6 “Determining the Variability to be Considered in Applying FASB Interpretation No. 46(R)” (“FSP”).  The FSP addresses certain major implementation issues related to FIN 46R, specifically how a reporting enterprise should determine the variability to be considered in applying FIN 46R. The FSP is effective as of the beginning of the first day of the first reporting period beginning after September 15, 2006. The Company adopted this Statement on January 1, 2007.  The impact of adopting this statement has been immaterial to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In June 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”), which is an interpretation of FAS 109. This interpretation prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. This interpretation is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company adopted this interpretation on January 1, 2007.   See Note F to the condensed consolidated financial statements of this report on Form 10-Q for discussion.
 
In September 2006, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“Statement 157”). The statement provides guidance for using fair value to measure assets and liabilities. The statement provides guidance to companies about the extent of which to measure assets and liabilities at fair value, the information used to measure fair value, and the effect of fair value measurements on earnings. The statement applies whenever other standards require (or permit) assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value. The statement does not expand the use of fair value in any new circumstances. The statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and for interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company plans to adopt this statement on January 1, 2008. The impact of adopting Statement 157 is expected to be immaterial to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In September 2006, the SEC released Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108, "Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements" (the “SAB”). The SAB addresses diversity in how companies consider and resolve the quantitative effect of financial statement misstatements. The SAB is effective as of the beginning of  the first day of the first reporting period beginning after November 15, 2006.  The Company adopted this SAB on January 1, 2007.  The impact of adopting this SAB has been immaterial to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In February 2007, the FASB issued FAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities – Including an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 115,” (“Statement 159”), which provides companies with an option to report selected financial assets and liabilities at fair value. The standard’s objective is to reduce both the complexity in accounting for financial instruments and the volatility in earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently. Statement 159 also establishes presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons between companies that choose different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and liabilities.  This statement is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year beginning after November 15, 2007. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of the previous fiscal year provided that the entity makes that choice in the first 120 days of that fiscal year and also elects to apply the provisions of Statement 157.  The Company plans to adopt this statement on January 1, 2008.  The impact of adopting Statement 159 is expected to be immaterial to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants has finalized Statement of Position (“SOP”) 07-01, Clarification of the Scope of the Audit and Accounting Guide Investment Companies and Accounting by Parent Companies and Equity Method Investors for Investments in Investment Companies. SOP 07-01 provides criteria for determining whether an entity is within the scope of the Guide. The statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2007. The Comp