Unassociated Document
United
States
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
D.C. 20549
FORM
10-K
xANNUAL
REPORT PURSUANT
TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For
the
fiscal year ended December
31, 2007.
or
o
TRANSITION REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For
the
transition period from _______ to ________.
Commission
file number: 1-5740
DIODES
INCORPORATED
(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
|
|
95-2039518
|
(State
or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
|
|
(I.R.S.
Employer Identification Number)
|
15660
North Dallas Parkway Suite 850
Dallas,
Texas
|
|
75248
|
(Address
of principal executive offices)
|
|
(Zip
Code)
|
Registrant’s
telephone number, including area code: (972)
385-2810
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each
Class |
Name of Each Exchange on
Which
Registered |
Common Stock, Par Value $0.66
2/3 |
The NASDAQ Stock Market
LLC |
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined
in
Rule 405 of the Security Act. Yes
x No
o
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to
Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes
o No
x
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to
be
filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required
to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements
for
the past 90 days. Yes
x No
o
Indicate
by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of
Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best
of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to
this
Form 10-K. o
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an
accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.
See
the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller
reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:
Large accelerated filer |
x |
Accelerated filer |
o |
Non-accelerated filer |
o |
Smaller reporting company |
o |
( Do not check if a smaller
reporting company) |
|
|
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule
12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes
o
No x
The
aggregate market value of the 30,690,303 shares of Common Stock held by
non-affiliates of the registrant, based on the closing price of $27.85 per
share
of the Common Stock on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on June 29, 2007, the
last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second quarter,
was approximately $854,724,925. The number of shares of the registrant’s Common
Stock outstanding as of February 26, 2008 was 41,241,391.
DOCUMENTS
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions
of the registrant’s definitive proxy statement to be filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A in connection with the 2008
annual meeting of stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III
of
this Report. The proxy statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission not later than 120 days after the registrant’s fiscal year ended
December 31, 2007.
PART
I
Item
1. Business
GENERAL
We
are a
global supplier of application specific standard products within the broad
discrete and analog semiconductor markets. These products include diodes,
rectifiers, transistors, MOSFET’s, protection devices, functional specific
arrays, power management devices including DC-DC switching and linear voltage
regulators, amplifiers and comparators, Hall effect sensors and silicon wafers
used to manufacture these products.
We
design, manufacture and market these semiconductors focused on diverse end-use
applications in the consumer electronics, computing, industrial, communications
and automotive sectors. Semiconductors, which provide electronic signal
amplification and switching functions, are basic building-block electronic
components that are incorporated into almost every electronic device. We believe
that our focus on standard semiconductor products provides us with a meaningful
competitive advantage relative to other semiconductor companies that provide
a
wider range of semiconductor products.
Our
product portfolio addresses the design needs of many advanced electronic devices
including high-volume consumer devices such as digital audio players, notebook
computers, flat-panel displays, mobile handsets, digital cameras and set-top
boxes. We believe that we have particular strength in designing innovative
surface-mount semiconductors for applications with a critical need to minimize
product size while maximizing power efficiency and overall performance, and
at a
lower cost than alternative solutions. Our product line includes over 4,000
products, and we shipped approximately 10.2 billion units,
14.5 billion units, and 18.1 billion units in 2005, 2006, and 2007,
respectively. From 2002 to 2007, our net sales grew from $115.8 million to
$401.2 million, representing a compound annual growth rate of
28.2%.
We
serve
over 130 direct customers worldwide, which consist of original equipment
manufacturers (OEMs) and electronic manufacturing services (EMS) providers.
Additionally, we have approximately 60 distributor customers worldwide, through
which we indirectly serve over 10,000 customers. Our customers include:
(i) industry leading OEMs, in a broad range of industries, such as Bose
Corporation, Honeywell International, Inc., Cisco Systems, Inc., LG Electronics,
Inc., Motorola, Inc., Quanta Computer, Inc., Sagem Communication, Samsung
Electronics Co., Ltd., Delta Electronics, and Hella, Ltd.; (ii) leading EMS
providers such as Celestica, Inc., Flextronics International, Ltd., Hon Hai
Precision Industry Co., Ltd., Inventec Corporation, Jabil Circuit, Inc., and
Sanmina-SCI Corporation who build end-market products incorporating our
semiconductors for companies such as Apple Computer, Inc., Dell, Inc., EMC
Corporation, Intel Corporation, Microsoft Corporation, Thompson, Inc., and
Roche
Diagnostics; and (iii) leading distributors, such as Arrow Electronics,
Inc., Avnet, Inc., Future Electronics, Zenitron Corporation, Rutronic and Yosun
Industrial Corporation. For 2006 and 2007, our OEM and EMS customers together
accounted for 54.2% and 61.1%, respectively, of our net sales.
We
were
incorporated in 1959 in California and reincorporated in Delaware in 1969.
We
are headquartered in Dallas, Texas. We have two manufacturing facilities located
in Shanghai, China, one analog design facility located in Hsinchu, Taiwan,
and
our wafer fabrication facility is in Kansas City, Missouri. Our sales, marketing
and logistical centers are located in Westlake Village, California; Taipei,
Taiwan; Shanghai and Shenzhen, China; and Hong Kong. In 2007, we strengthened
our product design centers in Dallas, San Jose, Shanghai and Taiwan to position
our design engineers to work more closely with our customers and enable us
to
deliver a stream of innovative solutions in our targeted product categories.
We
also have regional sales offices and/or representatives in: Derbyshire, England;
Toulouse, France; Frankfurt, Germany; and in various cities throughout the
U.S.
The
following diagram shows the entities through which we conduct our business
and
the principal services provided by each entity.
As
part
of our growth strategy, in December 2005, we announced the acquisition of
Anachip Corporation, a fabless Taiwanese semiconductor company focused on analog
ICs designed for specific applications, and in November 2006, we acquired the
net assets
of
APD Semiconductor, Inc., a privately held U.S.-based fabless discrete
semiconductor company. See
“Our
Strategy” for more discussion of these acquisitions.
During
2007, we undertook an internal restructuring whereby our foreign subsidiaries
were placed under our newly formed, wholly-owned Netherlands holding company,
Diodes International B.V. ("Diodes BV"). In addition, Diodes China and Diodes
Shanghai were placed under Diodes Hong Kong Holding Company, Ltd., a
newly-formed wholly-owned subsidiary of Diodes BV. The primary purpose of this
internal restructuring was for treasury management and tax planning
functions.
SEGMENT
REPORTING AND FINANCIAL INFORMATION
An
operating segment is defined as a component of an enterprise about which
separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by
the
chief decision maker, or decision-making group, in deciding how to allocate
resources and in assessing performance. Our chief decision-making group consists
of the President and Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Senior
Vice President of Operations, Senior Vice President of Sales and Marketing,
Asia
President, and Senior Vice President of Finance. For financial reporting
purposes, we operate in a single segment, standard semiconductor products,
through our various manufacturing and distribution facilities. We aggregated
our
products since the products are similar and have similar economic
characteristics, and the products are similar in production process and share
the same customer type.
Our
operations include the domestic operations (Diodes Incorporated and
Diodes-FabTech) located in the United States and the Asian operations
(Diodes-Taiwan, located in Taipei, Taiwan, and Diodes-Anachip located in
Hsinchu, Taiwan, Diodes-China and Diodes-Shanghai both located in Shanghai,
China, and Diodes-Hong Kong located in Hong Kong, China). For reporting
purposes, European operations are consolidated into the domestic (North America)
operations. Information about our net revenues, net income, assets and property,
plant and equipment is described in our notes to the consolidated financial
statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form
10-K.
OUR
INDUSTRY
Semiconductors
are critical components used in the manufacture of an increasing variety of
electronic products and systems. Since the invention of the transistor in 1948,
continuous improvements in semiconductor processes and design technologies
have
led to smaller, more complex and more reliable devices at a lower cost per
function. The availability of low-cost semiconductors, together with increased
customer demand for sophisticated electronic systems, has led to the
proliferation of semiconductors in diverse end-use applications in the consumer
electronics, computing, industrial, communications and automotive sectors.
These
factors have also led to an increase in the total number of semiconductor
components in individual electronic systems and an increase in value of these
components as a percentage of the total cost of the electronic systems in which
they are incorporated.
OUR
COMPETITIVE STRENGTHS
We
believe our competitive strengths include the following:
Flexible,
scalable and cost-effective manufacturing - Our
manufacturing operations are a core element of our success and we have designed
our manufacturing base to allow us to respond quickly to changes in demand
trends in the end-markets we serve. For example, we have structured our Shanghai
assembly, test and packaging
facilities to enable us to rapidly and efficiently add capacity and adjust
product mix to meet shifts in customer demand and overall market trends. As
a
result, for the past several years we have operated our Shanghai facilities
at
near full capacity, while at the same time significantly expanding that
capacity. Additionally, the Shanghai location of our manufacturing operations
provides us with access to a highly-skilled workforce at a low overall cost
base
while enabling us to better serve our leading customers, many of which are
located in Asia.
Integrated
packaging expertise - We
believe that we have particular expertise in designing and manufacturing
innovative and proprietary packaging solutions that integrate multiple separate
discrete elements into a single semiconductor product called an array. Our
ability to design and manufacture highly integrated semiconductor solutions
provides our customers with products of equivalent functionality with fewer
individual parts, and at lower overall cost, than alternative products. For
example, one of our leading diode array products integrates eight discrete
elements into a single highly miniaturized package that provides four times
the
functionality, with less than 20% of the space requirements of the previous
solution. This combination of integration, functionality and miniaturization
makes our products well suited for high-volume consumer applications such as
digital audio players, notebook computers and digital cameras.
Broad
customer base and diverse end-markets - Our
customers include leading OEMs such as Bose Corporation, Honeywell
International, Inc., LG Electronics, Inc., Cisco Systems, Inc., Motorola, Inc.,
Quanta Computer, Inc., Sagem Communication, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.,
Delta
Electronics, and Hella, Ltd., as well as leading EMS providers such as
Celestica, Inc., Flextronics International, Ltd., Hon Hai Precision Industry
Co., Ltd., Inventec Corporation, Jabil Circuit, Inc., and Sanmina-SCI
Corporation. Overall, we serve over 130 direct customers and over 10,000
additional customers through our distributors, including leading distributors
such as Arrow Electronics, Inc., Avnet, Inc., Future Electronics, Zenitron
Corporation, Rutronic and Yosun Industrial Corporation. Our products are
ultimately used in end-products in a large number of markets served by our
broad
base of customers, which we believe makes us less dependent on either specific
customers or specific end-user applications.
Customer
focused product development - Effective
collaboration with our customers and a high degree of customer service are
essential elements of our business. We believe focusing on dependable delivery
of semiconductor solutions tailored to specific end-user applications, has
fostered deep customer relationships and created a key competitive advantage
for
us in the highly fragmented discrete and
analog semiconductor
marketplace. We believe our close relationships with our OEM and EMS customers
have provided us with deeper insight into our customers’ product needs. This
results in differentiation in our product designs and often provides us with
insight into additional opportunities for new design wins in our customers’
products.
Management
continuity and experience - We
believe that the continuity of our management team is a critical competitive
strength. Five members of our executive management team have an average of
over
13 years of service at the Company and the length of their service with us
has
created significant institutional insight into our markets, our customers and
our operations.
In
June
2005, we appointed Dr. Keh-Shew Lu as President and Chief Executive Officer.
Dr.
Lu has served as a director of Diodes since 2001 and has 30 years of relevant
industry experience. Dr. Lu began his career at Texas Instruments, Inc. in
1974
and retired in 2001 as Senior Vice President and General Manager of Worldwide
Analog, Mixed-Signal and Logic Products. Our Chief Financial Officer, Carl
Wertz, has been employed by us since 1993 and has over 20 years of financial
experience in manufacturing and distribution industries. Joseph Liu, our Senior
Vice President of Operations, joined us in 1990 and has over 30 years of
relevant industry experience, having started his career in 1971 at Texas
Instruments. Similarly, Mark King, our Senior Vice President of Sales and
Marketing, has been employed by us since 1991, as has Steven Ho, our Asia
President. In 2006, we strengthened our executive management team with the
addition of: Richard
White, Senior Vice President of Finance, who brings with him 30 years of senior
level finance experience, including 25 years at Texas Instruments; Francis
Tang,
Vice President of Product Development, promoted from Global Product Manager
in
May of 2006; and Edmund Tang, Vice President of Corporate Administration, with
30 years of managerial and engineering experience.
OUR
STRATEGY
Our
strategy is to continue to enhance our position as a global supplier of standard
semiconductor products, and to continue to add other product lines, such as
power management products, using our packaging technology
capability.
The
principal elements of our strategy include the following:
Continue
to rapidly introduce innovative discrete and analog semiconductor products
- We
intend
to maintain our rapid pace of new product introductions, especially for
high-volume, growth applications with short design cycles, such as digital
audio
players, notebook computers, flat-panel displays, mobile handsets, digital
cameras, set-top boxes and other consumer electronics and computing devices.
During 2007, we introduced approximately 240 new devices and achieved new design
wins at over 100 OEMs. We believe that continued introduction of new and
differentiated product solutions is critically important in maintaining and
extending our market share in the highly competitive semiconductor marketplace.
Sales
of
new products (products that have been sold for three years or less) for the
years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 amounted to 13.9%, 28.2% and 35.1%
of total sales,
respectively,
and
this growth includes the contribution of the Anachip acquisition in early 2006
as well as the SBRâ
technology acquired in the APD acquisition in late 2006. New
products generally have gross profit margins that are higher than the
margins of our standard products. We expect net sales derived from new products
to increase in absolute terms, although our net sales of new products as a
percentage of our net sales will depend on the demand for our standard products,
as well as our product mix.
New
product revenue in 2007 was driven by products in sub-miniature array, QFN,
PowerDIÔ323,
PowerDIÔ123,
PowerDIÔ5,
SBRâ
and
Schottky platforms, in both the discrete and analog product lines.
Expand
our available market opportunities - We
intend
to aggressively maximize our opportunities in the standard semiconductor market
as well as in related markets where we can apply our semiconductor design and
manufacturing expertise. A key element of this is leveraging our highly
integrated packaging expertise through our Application Specific Multi-Chip
Circuit (ASMCC) product platform, which consists of standard arrays, function
specific arrays and end-equipment specific arrays. We intend to achieve this
by:
Ø |
Continuing
to focus on increasing packaging integration, particularly with our
existing standard array and customer-specific array products, in
order to
achieve products with increased circuit density, reduced component
count
and lower overall product cost;
|
Ø |
Expanding
existing products and developing new products in our function specific
array lines, which combine multiple discrete semiconductor components
to
achieve specific common electronic device functionality at a low
cost;
and
|
Ø |
Developing
new product lines, which we refer to as end-equipment specific arrays,
which combine discrete components with logic and/or standard analog
circuits to provide system-level solutions for high-volume, high-growth
applications.
|
Maintain
intense customer focus - We
intend
to strengthen and deepen our customer relationships. We believe that continued
focus on customer service would increase our net sales, operating performance
and overall market share. To accomplish this, we intend to continue to closely
collaborate with our customers to design products that meet their specific
needs. A critical element of this strategy is to continue to further reduce
our
design cycle time in order to quickly provide our customers with innovative
products. Additionally, to support our customer-focused strategy, we are
continuing to expand our sales force and field application engineers,
particularly in Asia and Europe.
Enhance
cost competitiveness - A
key
element of our success is our overall low-cost base. While we believe that
our
Shanghai manufacturing facilities are among the most efficient in the industry,
we will continue to refine our proprietary manufacturing processes and
technology to achieve additional cost efficiencies. Additionally, we intend
to
continue to operate our facilities at high utilization rates and to increase
product yields in order to achieve meaningful economies of scale.
Pursue
selective strategic acquisitions - As
part
of our strategy to expand our standard semiconductor product offerings and
to
maximize our market opportunities, we may acquire discrete, analog or
mixed-signal technologies, product lines or companies in order to support our
ASMCC product platform and enhance our standard and new product offerings.
In
December 2005, we announced the acquisition of Anachip Corporation, a fabless
Taiwanese semiconductor company focused on analog ICs designed for specific
applications, and headquartered
in the Hsinchu Science Park in Taiwan.
This
acquisition, which was completed in January 2006, is in line with our
long-term
strategy. Anachip’s main product focus is power management ICs. The analog
devices they produce are used in LCD monitor/TV's, wireless LAN 802.11 access
points, brushless DC motor fans, portable DVD players, datacom devices, ADSL
modems, TV/satellite set-top boxes, and power supplies. Anachip brings a design
team with strong capabilities in a range of targeted analog and power management
technologies.
On
November 3, 2006, we purchased the net assets
of
APD Semiconductor, Inc., a privately held U.S.-based fabless semiconductor
company.
APD
Semiconductor is headquartered in Redwood City, California, with a sales,
application, and administration center in Taipei, Taiwan. APD Semiconductor’s
main product focus is its patented and trademarked Super Barrier Rectifier
(“SBR®”)
technology. Utilizing a low cost IC wafer process, the SBR technology uses
a MOS
cellular design to replace standard traditional Schottky or PN junction diodes.
The SBR®
technology uses an innovative-patented process technique that allows its key
parameters to be easily tuned to optimize any customer applications. This
adaptive and scalable technology allows for increased power saving with better
efficiency and reliability at higher operating temperatures for end- user
applications like digital audio players, DC/DC converters. AC/DC power supplies,
LCD monitors, Power-over-Ethernet (POE), Power Factor Correction (PFC) and
TV/satellite set-top boxes. The SBR technology offers industry-leading products
like the SBR20U100CT, which has the lowest forward voltage and highest
efficiency and power saving in its class. The APD acquisition will further
strengthen our technology leadership in the discrete semiconductor market and
expand our product capabilities across important segments of our
end-markets.
CONVERTIBLE
BONDS OFFERING
On
October 12, 2006, we issued and sold convertible senior notes with an aggregate
principal amount of $230 million due 2026 (the “Notes”), which pay 2.25%
interest per annum on the principal amount of the Notes, payable semi-annually
in arrears on April 1 and October 1 of each year, beginning on April 1,
2007.
The
Notes
will be convertible into cash or, at our option, cash and shares of our Common
Stock based on an initial conversion rate, subject to adjustment, of 25.6419
shares (split adjusted) per $1,000 principal amount of Notes (which represents
an initial conversion price of $39.00 per share, split adjusted), in certain
circumstances. In addition, following a “make-whole fundamental change” that
occurs prior to October 1, 2011, we will, at our option, increase the conversion
rate for a holder who elects to convert its Notes in connection with such
“make-whole fundamental change,” in certain circumstances.
We
intend
to use the net proceeds for working capital and general corporate purposes,
which may include the acquisition of businesses, products, product rights or
technologies, strategic investments, or purchases of our own Common
Stock.
FOLLOW-ON
PUBLIC OFFERING
In
October 2005, we sold approximately 3.2 million shares (split adjusted) of
our
Common Stock in a follow-on public offering, raising approximately $71.7 million
(net of commissions and expenses). We used approximately $31 million and $8
million of the proceeds in connection with the Anachip and ADP acquisitions,
respectively, and we
intend
to use the remaining net proceeds from this offering for working capital and
other general corporate purposes, including additional
acquisitions.
OUR
PRODUCTS
Our
product portfolio includes over 4,000 products that are designed for use in
high-volume consumer devices such as digital audio players, notebook computers,
flat-panel displays, mobile handsets, digital cameras and set-top boxes. We
target and serve end-equipment market segments that we believe have higher
growth rates than other end-market segments served by the overall semiconductor
industry.
Our
broad
product line includes:
Ø |
Discrete
semiconductor products, including performance Schottky rectifiers;
performance Schottky diodes; Zener diodes and performance Zener diodes,
including tight tolerance and low operating current types; standard,
fast,
super-fast and ultra-fast recovery rectifiers; bridge rectifiers;
switching diodes; small signal bipolar transistors; prebiased transistors;
MOSFETs; thyristor surge protection devices; and transient voltage
suppressors;
|
Ø |
Complex
high-density diode, transistor and mixed technology arrays, in multi-pin
ultra-miniature surface-mount packages, including customer specific
and
function specific arrays;
|
Ø |
Silicon
wafers used in manufacturing these products;
and
|
Ø |
Power
management devices and Hall effect sensors through our Anachip
acquisition
|
Our
semiconductor products are an essential building-block of electronic circuit
design and are available in thousands of permutations varying according to
voltage, current, power handling capability and switching speed.
Our
complex diode and transistor arrays help bridge the gap between discrete
semiconductors and integrated circuits. Arrays consist of multiple discrete
semiconductor devices housed in a single package. Our discrete surface-mount
devices, which are components that can be attached to the surface of a substrate
with solder, target end-equipment categories with critical needs to minimize
size while maintaining power efficiency and performance.
The
following table lists the end-markets, some of the applications in which our
products are used, and the percentage of net sales for each end market for
the
last three years:
End
Markets
|
2005
|
2006
|
2007
|
End
product applications
|
Consumer
Electronics
|
38%
|
36%
|
36%
|
Set-top
boxes, game consoles, digital audio players, digital cameras, mobile
handsets, flat-panel displays, personal medical devices
|
Computing
|
34%
|
36%
|
37%
|
Notebooks,
flat-panel monitors, motherboards, PDAs, multi-function printers,
servers,
network interface cards, hard disk drives
|
Communications
|
17%
|
14%
|
15%
|
Gateways,
routers, switches, hubs, fiber optics, DSL, cable and standard modems,
networking (wireless, ethernet, power/phone line)
|
Industrial
|
7%
|
12%
|
10%
|
Ballast
lighting, power supplies, DC-DC conversion, security/access systems,
motor
controls, HVAC
|
Automotive
|
4%
|
2%
|
2%
|
Comfort
controls, audio/video players, GPS navigation, safety, security,
satellite
radios, engine controls, HID
lighting
|
PRODUCT
PACKAGING
Our
device packaging technology primarily includes a wide variety of surface-mount
packages. Our focus on the development of smaller, more thermally efficient,
and
increasingly integrated packaging, is a critical component of our product
development. We provide a comprehensive offering of miniature and sub-miniature
packaging, enabling us to fit components into smaller and more efficient
packages, while maintaining the same device functionality and power handling
capabilities. Smaller packaging provides a reduction in the height, weight
and
board space required for our components, and is well suited for battery-powered,
hand-held and wireless consumer applications such as digital audio players,
notebook computers, flat-panel displays, mobile handsets, digital cameras and
set-top boxes.
CUSTOMERS
We
serve
over 130 direct customers worldwide, which consist of OEMs and EMS providers.
Additionally, we have approximately 60 distributor customers worldwide, through
which we indirectly serve over 10,000 customers. Our customers include:
(i) industry leading OEMs in a broad range of industries, such as Bose
Corporation, Honeywell International, Inc., Cisco Systems, Inc., LG Electronics,
Inc., Motorola, Inc., Quanta Computer, Inc., Sagem Communication, Delta
Electronics, Hella, Ltd., and Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.; (ii) leading
EMS providers, such as Celestica, Inc., Flextronics International, Ltd., Hon
Hai
Precision Industry Co., Ltd., Inventec Corporation, Jabil Circuit, Inc., and
Sanmina-SCI Corporation, who build end-market products incorporating our
semiconductors for companies such as Apple Computer, Inc., Dell, Inc., EMC
Corporation, Intel Corporation, Microsoft Corporation, Thompson, Inc. and Roche
Diagnostics; and (iii) leading distributors such as Arrow Electronics,
Inc., Avnet, Inc., Future Electronics, Yosun Industrial Corporation, Zenitron
Corporation and Rutronic. For the years of 2005, 2006 and 2007, our OEM and
EMS
customers together accounted for 69.5%, 54.2% and 61.1%, respectively, of our
net sales. The acquisition of Anachip, which sold products predominantly through
distributors, is the primary contributor to the increase in the percentage
of
our total net sales sold to distributors.
For
the
years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, Lite-On Semiconductor
Corporation (LSC), which is also our largest stockholder, (owning approximately
21.6% of our Common Stock as of December 31, 2007), and a member of the Lite-On
Group of companies, accounted for approximately 9.6%, 6.5% and 6.2%,
respectively, of our net sales. No other customer accounted for 10% or more
of
our net sales in 2006 and 2007. Also, 14.7%, 13.0% and 11.3% of our net sales
were from the subsequent sale of products we purchased from LSC in 2005, 2006
and 2007, respectively. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party
Transactions.”
We
believe that our close relationships with our OEM and EMS customers have
provided us with deeper insight into our customers’ product needs than other
manufacturers who we believe depend to a greater extent on indirect sales
through distributors. In addition to seeking to expand relationships with our
existing customers, our strategy is to pursue new customers and diversify our
customer base by focusing on leading global consumer electronics companies
and
their EMS providers and distributors.
We
generally warrant that products sold to our customers will, at the time of
shipment, be free from defects in workmanship and materials and conform to
our
approved specifications. Subject to certain exceptions, our standard warranty
extends for a period of one year from the date of shipment. Warranty expense
has
not been significant. Generally, our customers may cancel orders on short notice
without incurring a significant penalty.
Many
of
our customers are based in Asia or have manufacturing facilities in Asia. Net
sales by country consists of sales to customers assigned to that country based
on the country to which the product is shipped. For the year ended
December 31, 2007, 38.9%, 25.6%, 20.3%, and 15.2% of our net sales were
derived from China, Taiwan, the U.S. and all other markets, respectively,
compared to 34.5%, 28.1%, 22.2%, and 15.2% in 2006, respectively. We anticipate
the percentage of net sales shipped to customers in Asia to increase as the
trend towards manufacturing in Asia continues.
SALES
AND MARKETING
We
market
and sell our products worldwide through a combination of direct sales and
marketing personnel, independent sales representatives and distributors. We
have
direct sales personnel in the United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany,
Taiwan and China. We also have independent sales representatives in the United
States, Japan, Korea, and Europe. We currently have distributors in the United
States, Europe and Asia.
As
of
December 31, 2007, our direct global sales and marketing organization consisted
of approximately 160 employees operating out of 18 offices. We have
sales and marketing offices or representatives in Taipei, Taiwan; Shanghai
and
Shenzhen, China; Hong Kong; Derbyshire, England; Toulouse, France; Frankfurt,
Germany; and we have five regional sales offices in the United States. As of
December 31, 2007, we also had approximately 20 independent sales
representative firms marketing our products.
Our
marketing group focuses on our product strategy, product development road map,
new product introduction process, demand assessment and competitive analysis.
Our marketing programs include participation in industry tradeshows, technical
conferences and technology seminars, sales training and public relations. The
marketing group works closely with our sales and research and development groups
to align our product development road map. The marketing group coordinates
its
efforts with our product development, operations and sales groups, as well
as
with our customers, sales representatives and distributors. We support our
customers through our field application engineering and customer support
organizations.
To
support our global customer-base, our website is language-selectable into
English, Chinese,
and
Korean, giving us an effective marketing tool for worldwide markets. With its
extensive online product catalog with advanced search capabilities, our website
facilitates quick and easy product selection. Our website provides easy access
to our worldwide sales contacts and customer support, and incorporates a
distributor-inventory check to provide component inventory availability and
a
small order desk for overnight sample fulfillment. Our website, www.diodes.com ,
also
provides investors access to our financial and corporate governance
information.
MANUFACTURING
OPERATIONS AND FACILITIES
We
operate three manufacturing facilities, two of which are located in Shanghai,
China, and the third of which is located in Kansas City, Missouri. Our
facilities in Shanghai perform packaging, assembly and testing functions, and
our Kansas City facility is a 5-inch wafer foundry. Anachip’s
main product focus is power management ICs. In 2007, we moved our Taiwan analog
probe and testing operations to our China facilities.
For
the
years ended at December 31, 2006 and 2007, we had invested approximately
$32.3 million and $41.2 million, respectively, in plant and state-of-the-art
equipment in China ($167.3 million total investment in China from inception).
Both of our Chinese factories manufacture product for sale by our U.S. and
Asia
operations, and also sell to external customers. For the years ended at December
31, 2006 and 2007, we had invested approximately $4.7 million and $8.6 million,
respectively, in equipment for our wafer foundry. Silicon wafers are received
and inspected in a highly controlled “clean room” environment awaiting the
assembly operation. At the first step of assembly, the wafers are sawn with
very
thin, high speed diamond blades into tiny semiconductor “dice,” numbering as
many as 170,000 per 5-inch diameter wafer. Dice are then loaded onto a
handler, which automatically places the dice, one by one, onto lead frames,
which are package specific, where they are bonded to the lead-frame pad. Next,
automatic wire bonders make the necessary electrical connections from the die
to
the leads of the lead-frame, using micro-thin gold wire. Our fully automated
assembly machinery then molds the epoxy case around the die and lead-frame
to
produce the desired semiconductor product. After a trim, form, test, mark and
re-test operation, the parts are placed into special carrier housings and a
cover tape seals the parts in place. The taped parts are then spooled onto
reels
or placed into other packaging medium and boxed for shipment. In 2007, we began
investment in a 6-inch wafer line at our Kansas
City
wafer
foundry and anticipate the
completion
of
the
investment in
the
first half of 2008.
Our
manufacturing processes use many raw materials, including silicon wafers, copper
lead frames, gold wire and other metals, molding compounds and various chemicals
and gases. We have no material agreements with any of our suppliers that impose
minimum or continuing supply obligations. From time to time, suppliers may
extend lead times, limit supplies or increase prices due to capacity constraints
or other factors. Although we believe that supplies of the raw materials we
use
are currently and will continue to be available, shortages could occur in
various essential materials due to interruption of supply or increased demand
in
the industry.
Our
corporate headquarters are located in a leased facility in Dallas, Texas. We
also lease or own properties around the world for use as sales offices, research
and development labs, warehouses and logistic centers. The size and/or location
of these properties can change from time to time based on business requirements.
In 2006, we purchased an office building in Taipei, Taiwan for our Taiwan
operations for approximately $6.0 million (see Item 2 -
Properties).
BACKLOG
The
amount of backlog to be shipped during any period is dependent upon various
factors, and all orders are subject to cancellation or modification, usually
with no penalty to the customer. Orders are generally booked from one month
to
greater than twelve months in advance of delivery. The rate of booking of new
orders can vary significantly from month to month. We, and the industry as
a
whole, have been experiencing a trend towards shorter lead-times, and we expect
this trend to continue. The amount of backlog at any date depends upon various
factors, including the timing of the receipt of orders, fluctuations in orders
of existing product lines, and the introduction of any new lines. Accordingly,
we believe that the amount of our backlog at any date is not a particularly
useful measure of our future sales. We strive to maintain proper inventory
levels to support our customers’ just-in-time order expectations.
PATENTS,
TRADEMARKS AND LICENSES
Historically,
patents and trademarks have not been material to our operations, but we expect
them to become more important, particularly as they relate to our packaging
and
analog technologies.
Through
our APD asset acquisition, we acquired the Super Barrier Rectifier technology
(less than 500V) and the SBR®
trademark. SBR®
is
state-of-the-art integrated circuit wafer processing technology that allows
the
design and manufacture of a device, which is able to integrate and improve
the
benefits of the two existing rectifier technologies into a single device. The
creation of a finite conduction cellular IC, combined with inherent design
uniformity has allowed manufacturing costs to be kept competitive with existing
power device technology, and
thus
produced a breakthrough in rectifier technology.
Currently,
our licensing of patents to other companies is not material. We do, however,
license certain product technology from other companies, but we do not consider
any of the licensed technology to be material in terms of royalties. We believe
the duration and other terms of the licenses are appropriate for our current
needs.
COMPETITION
Numerous
semiconductor manufacturers and distributors serve the discrete and
analog semiconductor
components market, making competition intense. Some of our larger competitors
include Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation, Infineon Technologies A.G.,
International Rectifier Corporation, ON Semiconductor Corporation, Philips
Electronics N.V., Rohm Electronics USA, LLC, Toshiba Corporation and Vishay
Intertechnology, Inc., many of which have greater financial, marketing,
distribution and other resources than us. Accordingly, in response to market
conditions, we from time to time may reposition product lines or decrease
prices, which may affect our sales of, and profit margins on, such product
lines. The price and quality of the product, and our ability to design products
and deliver customer service in keeping with the customers’ needs, determine the
competitiveness of our products. We believe that our product focus and our
flexibility and ability to quickly adapt to customer needs affords us
competitive advantages.
ENGINEERING
AND RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Our
engineering and research and development groups consist of applications,
technical marketing, and product development engineers who assist in determining
the direction of our future product lines. Their primary function is to work
closely with market-leading customers to further refine, expand and improve
our
product range within our product types and packages. In addition, customer
requirements and acceptance of new package types are assessed and new,
higher-density and more energy-efficient packages are developed to satisfy
customers’ needs. Working with customers to integrate multiple types of
technologies within the same package, our applications engineers strive to
reduce the required number of components and, thus, circuit board size
requirements of a device, while increasing the functionality of the component
technology.
Product
engineers work directly with our semiconductor wafer design and process
engineers who craft die designs needed for products that precisely match our
customers’ requirements. Direct contact with our manufacturing facilities allows
the manufacturing of products that are in line with current technical
requirements. We have the capability to capture the customer’s’customers’
electrical and packaging requirements through their product development
engineers, and then transfer those requirements to our research and development
and engineering department, so that the customers’s
requirements can be translated, designed, and manufactured with full control,
even to the elemental silicon level.
For
the
years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, investment in research and
development was $3.7 million, $8.3 million and $13.5 million,
respectively. As a percentage of net sales, research and development expense
was
1.7%, 2.4% and 3.4% for 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively. We anticipate
research and development to increase in absolute dollars and to be in the range
of 3 to 4% of net sales as we continue to develop proprietary technology.
EMPLOYEES
As
of
December 31, 2007, we employed a total of 2,612 employees, of which 2,266 of
our
employees were in Asia, 340 were in the United States and six were in Europe.
None of our employees is subject to a collective bargaining agreement. We
consider our relations with our employees to be satisfactory.
ENVIRONMENTAL
MATTERS
We
are
subject to a variety of U.S. Federal, state, local and foreign governmental
laws, rules and regulations related to the use, storage, handling, discharge
or
disposal of certain toxic, volatile or otherwise hazardous chemicals used in
our
manufacturing process both in the United States where our wafer fabrication
facility is located, and in China where our assembly, test and packaging
facilities are located. Any of these regulations could require us to acquire
equipment or to incur substantial other expenses to comply with environmental
regulations. As of December 31, 2007, there were no known environmental claims
or recorded liabilities.
CERTAIN
RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
We
conduct business with one related party company, Lite-On
Semiconductor Corporation (“LSC”)
(and its
subsidiaries and affiliates) and one significant company, Zi Yun International
(“Zi Yun”) (formerly Keylink International) (and its affiliates). LSC is our
largest stockholder, owning 21.6% of our outstanding Common Stock as of December
31, 2007, and is a member of the Lite-On Group of companies. Zi Yun is our
5%
joint venture partner in Diodes-China and Diodes-Shanghai. C.H. Chen, our former
President and Chief Executive Officer, and Vice Chairman of our Board of
Directors, is also Vice Chairman of LSC. M.K. Lu, a member of our Board of
Directors until May 2007, was President of LSC. In addition, Raymond Soong,
the
Chairman of our Board of Directors, is Chairman of LSC, and is the Chairman
of
Lite-On Technology Corporation, a significant shareholder of LSC. In connection
with our 2005 follow-on public offering, LSC sold 1.7 million shares (split
adjusted), reducing its holdings of our Common Stock to approximately 8.7
million shares (split adjusted). We did not receive any of the proceeds from
LSC’s sale of our Common Stock, but LSC shared in the expenses of the offering.
The
Audit
Committee of our Board of Directors reviews
all related party transactions for potential conflict of interest situations
on
an ongoing basis, in accordance with such procedures as the Audit Committee
may
adopt from time to time.
We
believe that all related party transactions are on terms no less favorable
to us
than would be obtained from unaffiliated third parties.
We
sold
silicon wafers to LSC totaling 9.6%, 6.5% and 6.2% of total sales for the years
ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively, making LSC our largest
customer. Also for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, 14.7%,
13.0% and 11.3%, respectively, of our net sales were from discrete semiconductor
products purchased from LSC for subsequent sale by us, making LSC our largest
outside supplier. We also rent warehouse space in Hong Kong from a member of
the
Lite-On Group, which also provides us with warehousing services at that
location. For 2005, 2006 and 2007, we reimbursed this entity in aggregate
amounts of $0.3 million, $0.5 million and $0.5 million, respectively, for these
services. We believe such transactions are on terms no less favorable to us
than
could be obtained from unaffiliated third parties.
In
December 2000, we acquired a wafer foundry, FabTech, Inc., from LSC for
approximately $6.0 million cash plus $19.0 million in assumed debt (the debt
was
due primarily to LSC). As per the terms of the acquisition, we entered into
management incentive agreements with several members of FabTech’s management.
The agreements provided members of FabTech's management with guaranteed annual
payments as well as contingent bonuses based on the annual profitability of
FabTech, subject to a maximum annual amount. LSC reimbursed us for any portion
of the guaranteed and contingent liability paid by FabTech. The final year
of
the management incentive agreements was 2004, with final payment made on
March 31, 2005. LSC reimbursed us $0.4 million in each of 2003, 2004, and
2005 for amounts paid by us under these management incentive
agreements.
We
sell
product to, and purchase inventory from, companies owned by our 5% Diodes-China
and Diodes-Shanghai minority shareholder, Zi Yun. We sold silicon wafers to
companies owned by Zi Yun totaling 0.6%, 0.4% and 0.6% of total sales for the
years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively. Also for the years
ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, 3.0%, 2.3% and 1.5%, respectively,
of
our net sales were from discrete semiconductor products purchased from companies
owned by Zi Yun. In addition, Diodes-China and Diodes-Shanghai lease their
manufacturing facilities from, and subcontract a portion of their manufacturing
process (metal plating and environmental services) to, Zi Yun. We also pay
a
consulting fee to Zi Yun. The aggregate amounts for these services for the
years
ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 were $6.6 million, $7.9 million and
$9.4
million, respectively. We believe such transactions are on terms no less
favorable to us than could be obtained from unaffiliated third
parties.
In
December 2005, we entered into a definitive stock purchase agreement to acquire
Anachip Corporation, a Taiwanese fabless analog IC company headquartered in
the
Hsinchu Science Park in Taiwan.
The selling shareholders included LSC (which owned approximately 60% of
Anachip's outstanding capital stock), and two Taiwanese venture capital firms
(together owning approximately 20% of Anachip's stock), as well as current
and
former Anachip employees, among others. At December 31, 2005, we had
purchased
an aggregate of approximately 9.4 million shares (or approximately 18.9%) of
the
50 million outstanding shares of the capital stock of Anachip. On
January 10, 2006 (the closing date of the acquisition), we purchased an
additional approximately 40.5 million shares and therefore, we now hold
approximately 99.81% of Anachip’s capital stock.
Concurrent
with the acquisition, Anachip entered into a wafer purchase agreement with
LSC,
pursuant to which LSC will sell to Anachip, according to Anachip's requirements,
during the two year period ending on December 31, 2007, wafers of the same
or
similar type, and meeting the same specifications, as those wafers purchased
from LSC by Anachip at the time of the acquisition. Anachip would purchase
such
wafers on terms (including purchase price, delivery schedule, and payment terms)
no less favorable to Anachip than those terms on which Anachip purchased such
wafers from LSC at the time of the acquisition; provided, however, that the
purchase price would be the lower of the current price or the most favorable
customer pricing. If the price of raw wafers increases by more than 20% within
any six-month period, Anachip and LSC would renegotiate in good faith the price
of wafers to reflect the cost increase.
FINANCIAL
INFORMATION ABOUT GEOGRAPHIC AREAS
We
sell
product primarily through our operations in North America, Asia and Europe.
See
Note 17 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” for a description of our
geographic information.
FINANCIAL
INFORMATION ABOUT FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC OPERATIONS AND EXPORT
SALES
With
respect to foreign operations, see Note 1 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements.”
AVAILABLE
INFORMATION
Our
website address is http://www.diodes.com. We make available, free of charge
through our website, our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on
Form
10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, Proxy Statements, and amendments to those
reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange
Act as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically
filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).
Our
filings may also be read and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F
Street NE, Room 1580 Washington, DC 20549. Information on the operation of
the
Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.
The
SEC also maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information
statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically
with the SEC. The address of that website is www.sec.gov.
To
support our global customer base, our website is language-selectable into
English, Chinese, and Korean, giving us an effective marketing tool for
worldwide markets. With its extensive online Product (Parametric) Catalog with
advanced search capabilities, our website facilitates quick and easy product
selection. Our website provides easy access to worldwide sales contacts and
customer support, and incorporates a distributor-inventory check to provide
component inventory availability and a small order desk for overnight sample
fulfillment. Our website also provides investors access to current and complete
financial and corporate governance information including our Code of Business
Conduct, as well as SEC filings, press releases, and stock quotes.
Cautionary
Statement for Purposes of the “Safe Harbor” Provision of the Private Securities
Litigation Reform Act of 1995
Many
of
the statements included in this Annual
Report on Form 10-K
contain
forward-looking statements and information relating to our company. We generally
identify forward-looking statements by the use of terminology such as “may,”
“will,” “could,” “should,” “potential,” “continue,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,”
“estimate,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “project,” or similar phrases or the
negatives of such terms. We base these statements on our beliefs as well as
assumptions we made using information currently available to us. Such statements
are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including those identified
in “Risk Factors,” as well as other matters not yet known to us or not currently
considered material by us. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties
materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results
may vary materially from those anticipated, estimated or projected. Given these
risks and uncertainties, prospective investors are cautioned not to place undue
reliance on such forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements do
not
guarantee future performance and should not be considered as statements of
fact.
You
should not unduly rely on these forward-looking statements, which speak only
as
of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Unless required by law, we
undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking
statements to reflect new information or future events or otherwise.
The
Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the “Act”) provides certain
“safe harbor” provisions for forward-looking statements. All forward-looking
statements made on this Annual Report on Form 10-K are made pursuant to the
Act.
Item
1A. Risk
Factors
Investing
in our Common Stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully
consider the following risks and other information in this report before you
decide to buy our Common Stock. Our business, financial condition or operating
results may suffer if any of the following risks are realized. Additional risks
and uncertainties not currently known to us may also adversely affect our
business, financial condition or operating results. If any of these risks or
uncertainties occurs, the trading price of our Common Stock could decline and
you could lose part or all of your investment.
RISKS
RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS
Downturns
in the highly cyclical semiconductor industry or changes in end-market demand
could affect our operating results and financial
condition.
The
semiconductor industry is highly cyclical, and periodically experiences
significant economic downturns characterized by diminished product demand,
production overcapacity and excess inventory, which can result in rapid erosion
in average selling prices. From time to time, the semiconductor industry
experiences order cancellations and reduced demand for products, resulting
in
significant revenue declines, due to excess inventories at computer and
telecommunications equipment manufacturers and general economic conditions,
especially in the technology sector. The market for semiconductors may
experience renewed, and possibly more severe and prolonged downturns in the
future, which may harm our results of operations and reduce the value of our
business.
In
addition, we operate in a narrower market of the broader semiconductor market
and, as a result, cyclical fluctuations may affect this segment to a greater
extent than they do the broader semiconductor market. This may cause us to
experience greater fluctuations in our results of operations than compared
to
some of our broad line semiconductor manufacturer competitors. In addition,
we
may experience significant changes in our profitability as a result of
variations in sales, changes in product mix, changes in end-user markets and
the
costs associated with the introduction of new products. The markets for our
products depend on continued demand in the consumer electronics, computer,
industrial, communications and automotive sectors. These end-user markets also
tend to be cyclical and may also experience changes in demand that could
adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.
The
semiconductor business is highly competitive, and increased competition may
harm
our business and our operating results.
The
sectors of the semiconductor industry in which we operate are highly
competitive. We expect intensified competition from existing competitors and
new
entrants. Competition is based on price, product performance, product
availability, quality, reliability and customer service. We compete in various
markets with companies of various sizes, many of which are larger and have
greater resources or capabilities as it relates to financial, marketing,
distribution, brand name recognition, research and development, manufacturing
and other resources than we have. As a result, they may be better able to
develop new products, market their products, pursue acquisition candidates
and
withstand adverse economic or market conditions. Most of our current major
competitors are broad line semiconductor manufacturers who often have a wider
range of product types and technologies than we do. In addition, companies
not
currently in direct competition with us may introduce competing products in
the
future. Some of our current major competitors are Fairchild
Semiconductor Corporation, Infineon Technologies A.G., International Rectifier
Corporation, ON Semiconductor Corporation, Philips Electronics N.V., Rohm
Electronics USA, LLC, Toshiba Corporation and Vishay Intertechnology, Inc.
We
may
not be able to compete successfully in the future, and competitive pressures
may
harm our financial condition or our operating results.
We
receive a significant portion of our net sales from a single customer. In
addition, this customer is also our largest external supplier and is a related
party. The loss of this customer or supplier could harm our business and results
of operations.
In
2006
and 2007, LSC, our largest stockholder and one of our largest customers,
accounted for 6.5% and 6.2%, respectively, of our net sales. LSC is also our
largest supplier, providing us with discrete semiconductor products for
subsequent sale by us, which represented approximately 13.0% and 11.3%,
respectively, of our net sales, in 2006 and 2007. The loss of LSC as either
a
customer or a supplier, or any significant reduction in either the amount of
product it supplies to us, or the volume of orders it places with us, could
materially harm our business and results of operations.
Delays
in initiation of production at new facilities, implementing new production
techniques or resolving problems associated with technical equipment
malfunctions could adversely affect our manufacturing
efficiencies.
Our
manufacturing efficiency has been and will be an important factor in our future
profitability, and we may not be able to maintain or increase our manufacturing
efficiency. Our manufacturing and testing processes are complex, require
advanced and costly equipment and are continually being modified in our efforts
to improve yields and product performance. Difficulties in the manufacturing
process can lower yields. Technical or other problems could lead to production
delays, order cancellations and lost revenue. In addition, any problems in
achieving acceptable yields, construction delays, or other problems in upgrading
or expanding existing facilities, building new facilities, problems in bringing
other new manufacturing capacity to full production or changing our process
technologies, could also result in capacity constraints, production delays
and a
loss of future revenues and customers. Our operating results also could be
adversely affected by any increase in fixed costs and operating expenses related
to increases in production capacity if net sales do not increase
proportionately, or in the event of a decline in demand for our
products.
Our
wafer
fabrication facility is located in Kansas City, Missouri, while our facilities
in Shanghai, China provide assembly, test and packaging capabilities. Any
disruption of operations at these facilities could have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
We
are and will continue to be under continuous pressure from our customers and
competitors to reduce the price of our products, which could adversely affect
our growth and profit margins.
Prices
for our products tend to decrease over their life cycle. There is substantial
and continuing pressure from customers to reduce the total cost of purchasing
our products. To remain competitive and retain our customers and gain new ones,
we must continue to reduce our costs through product and manufacturing
improvements. We must also strive to minimize our customers’ shipping and
inventory financing costs and to meet their other goals for rationalization
of
supply and production. We experienced an annual increase in average selling
prices (ASP) for our products of 15.0% and 12.1% for 2005 and 2006,
respectively, and an ASP decrease of 6.8% in 2007. At times, we may be required
to sell our products at ASP’s below our manufacturing cost or purchase price in
order to remain competitive. Our growth and the profit margins of our products
will suffer if we cannot effectively continue to reduce our costs and keep
our
product prices competitive.
Our
customer orders are subject to cancellation or modification usually with no
penalty. High volumes of order cancellation or reductions in quantities ordered
could adversely affect our results of operations and financial
condition.
All
of
our customer orders are subject to cancellation or modification, usually with
no
penalty to the customer. Orders are generally made on a purchase order basis,
rather than pursuant to long-term supply contracts, and are booked from one
to
twelve months in advance of delivery. The rate of booking new orders can vary
significantly from month to month. We, and the semiconductor industry as a
whole, are experiencing a trend towards shorter lead-times, which is the amount
of time between the date a customer places an order and the date the customer
requires shipment. Furthermore, our industry is subject to rapid changes in
customer outlook and periods of excess inventory due to changes in demand in
the
end markets our industry serves. As a result, many of our purchase orders are
revised, and may be cancelled, with little or no penalty and with little or
no
notice. However, we must still commit production and other resources to
fulfilling these orders even though they may ultimately be cancelled. If a
significant number of orders are cancelled or product quantities ordered are
reduced, and we are unable to timely generate replacement orders, we may build
up excess inventory and our results of operations and financial condition may
suffer.
New
technologies could result in the development of new products by our competitors
and a decrease in demand for our products, and we may not be able to develop
new
products to satisfy changes in demand, which could result in a decrease in
net
sales and loss of market share.
Our
product range and new product development program is focused on discrete and
analog semiconductor products. Our failure to develop new technologies, or
anticipate or react to changes in existing technologies, either within or
outside of the semiconductor market, could materially delay development of
new
products, which could result in a decrease in our net sales and a loss of market
share to our competitors. The semiconductor industry is characterized by rapidly
changing technologies and industry standards, together with frequent new product
introductions. This includes the development of new types of technology or
the
improvement of existing technologies, such as analog and digital technologies
that compete with, or seek to replace discrete semiconductor technology. Our
financial performance depends on our ability to design, develop, manufacture,
assemble, test, market and support new products and product enhancements on
a
timely and cost-effective basis. New products often command higher prices and,
as a result, higher profit margins. We may not successfully identify new product
opportunities or develop and bring new products to market or succeed in selling
them into new customer applications in a timely and cost-effective
manner.
Products
or technologies developed by other companies may render our products or
technologies obsolete or noncompetitive and, since we operate primarily in
a
narrower segment of the broader semiconductor industry, this may have a greater
effect on us than it would if we were a broad-line semiconductor manufacturer
with a wider range of product types and technologies. Many of our competitors
are larger and more established international companies with greater engineering
and research and development resources than us. Our failure to identify or
capitalize on any fundamental shifts in technologies in our product markets,
relative to our competitors, could harm our business, have a material adverse
effect on our competitive position within our industry and harm our
relationships with our customers. In addition, to remain competitive, we must
continue to reduce package sizes, improve manufacturing yields and expand our
sales. We may not be able to accomplish these goals, which could harm our
business.
We
may be subject to claims of infringement of third-party intellectual property
rights or demands that we license third-party technology, which could result
in
significant expense and reduction in our intellectual property
rights.
The
semiconductor industry is characterized by vigorous protection and pursuit
of
intellectual property rights. From time to time, third parties have asserted,
and may in the future assert, patent, copyright, trademark and other
intellectual property rights to technologies that are important to our business
and have demanded, and may in the future demand, that we license their patents
and technology. Any litigation to determine the validity of allegations that
our
products infringe or may infringe these rights, including claims arising through
our contractual indemnification of our customers, or claims challenging the
validity of our patents, regardless of its merit or resolution, could be costly
and divert the efforts and attention of our management and technical personnel.
We may not prevail in litigation given the complex technical issues and inherent
uncertainties in intellectual property litigation. If litigation results in
an
adverse ruling we could be required to:
Ø |
pay
substantial damages for past, present and future use of the infringing
technology;
|
Ø |
cease
the manufacture, use or sale of infringing
products;
|
Ø |
discontinue
the use of infringing technology;
|
Ø |
expend
significant resources to develop non-infringing
technology;
|
Ø |
pay
substantial damages to our customers or end-users to discontinue
use or
replace infringing technology with non-infringing
technology;
|
Ø |
license
technology from the third party claiming infringement, which license
may
not be available on commercially reasonable terms, or at
all; or
|
Ø |
relinquish
intellectual property rights associated with one or more of our patent
claims, if such claims are held invalid or otherwise
unenforceable.
|
We
depend on third-party suppliers for timely deliveries of raw materials, parts
and equipment, as well as finished products from other manufacturers, and our
results of operations could be adversely affected if we are unable to obtain
adequate supplies in a timely manner.
Our
manufacturing operations depend upon obtaining adequate supplies of raw
materials, parts and equipment on a timely basis from third parties. Our results
of operations could be adversely affected if we are unable to obtain adequate
supplies of raw materials, parts and equipment in a timely manner or if the
costs of raw materials, parts or equipment were to increase significantly.
Our
business could also be adversely affected if there is a significant degradation
in the quality of raw materials used in our products, or if the raw materials
give rise to compatibility or performance issues in our products, any of which
could lead to an increase in customer returns or product warranty claims.
Although we maintain rigorous quality control systems, errors or defects may
arise from a supplied raw material and be beyond our detection or control.
Any
interruption in, or change in quality of, the supply of raw materials, parts
or
equipment needed to manufacture our products could adversely affect our business
and harm our results of operations and our reputation with our
customers.
In
addition, we sell finished products from other manufacturers. Our business
could
also be adversely affected if there is a significant degradation in the quality
of these products. From time to time, such manufacturers may extend lead-times,
limit supplies or increase prices due to capacity constraints or other factors.
We have no long-term purchase contracts with any of these manufacturers and,
therefore, have no contractual assurances of continued supply, pricing or access
to finished products that we sell, and any such manufacturer could discontinue
supplying to us at any time. Additionally, some of our suppliers of finished
products or wafers compete directly with us and may in the future choose not
to
supply products to us.
If
we do not succeed in continuing to vertically integrate our business, we will
not realize the cost and other efficiencies we anticipate and our ability to
compete, profit margins and results of operations may
suffer.
We
are
continuing to vertically integrate our business. Key elements of this strategy
include continuing to expand the reach of our sales organization, expand our
manufacturing capacity, expand our wafer foundry and research and development
capability and expand our marketing, product development, package development
and assembly/testing operations in company-owned facilities or through the
acquisition of established contractors. There are certain risks associated
with
our vertical integration strategy, including:
Ø |
difficulties
associated with owning a manufacturing business, including, but not
limited to, the maintenance and management of manufacturing facilities,
equipment, employees and inventories and limitations on the flexibility
of
controlling overhead;
|
Ø |
difficulties
in continuing expansion of our operations in Asia and Europe, because
of
the distance from our U.S. headquarters and differing regulatory and
cultural environments;
|
Ø |
the
need for skills and techniques that are outside our traditional core
expertise;
|
Ø |
less
flexibility in shifting manufacturing or supply sources from one
region to
another;
|
Ø |
even
when independent suppliers offer lower prices, we would continue
to
acquire wafers from our captive manufacturing facility, which may
result
in us having higher costs than our
competitors;
|
Ø |
difficulties
developing and implementing a successful research and development
team; and
|
Ø |
difficulties
developing, protecting, and gaining market acceptance of, our proprietary
technology.
|
The
risks
of becoming a fully integrated manufacturer are amplified in an industry-wide
slowdown because of the fixed costs associated with manufacturing facilities.
In
addition, we may not realize the cost, operating and other efficiencies that
we
expect from continued vertical integration. If we fail to successfully
vertically integrate our business, our ability to compete, profit margins and
results of operations may suffer.
Part
of our growth strategy involves identifying and acquiring companies with
complementary product lines or customers. We may be unable to identify suitable
acquisition candidates or consummate desired acquisitions and, if we do make
any
acquisitions, we may be unable to successfully integrate any acquired companies
with our operations.
A
significant part of our growth strategy involves acquiring companies with
complementary product lines, customers or other capabilities. For example,
(i)
in fiscal year 2000, we acquired FabTech, a wafer fabrication company, in order
to have our own wafer manufacturing capabilities, (ii) in January 2006, we
acquired Anachip as an entry into standard
logic markets, and (iii) in November 2006, we acquired the net operating assets
of APD.
While
we do not currently have any agreements or commitments in place with respect
to
any material acquisitions, we are in various stages of preliminary discussions,
and we intend to continue to expand and diversify our operations by making
further acquisitions. However, we may be unsuccessful in identifying suitable
acquisition candidates, or we may be unable to consummate a desired acquisition.
To the extent we do make acquisitions, if we are unsuccessful in integrating
these companies or their operations or product lines with our operations, or
if
integration is more difficult than anticipated, we may experience disruptions
that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition
and results of operations. In addition, we may not realize all of the benefits
we anticipate from any such acquisitions. Some of the risks that may affect
our
ability to integrate or realize any anticipated benefits from acquisitions
that
we may make include those associated with:
Ø |
unexpected
losses of key employees or customers of the acquired
company;
|
Ø |
bringing
the acquired company’s standards, processes, procedures and controls into
conformance with our operations;
|
Ø |
coordinating
our new product and process
development;
|
Ø |
hiring
additional management and other critical
personnel;
|
Ø |
increasing
the scope, geographic diversity and complexity of our
operations;
|
Ø |
difficulties
in consolidating facilities and transferring processes and
know-how;
|
Ø |
difficulties
in reducing costs of the acquired entity’s
business;
|
Ø |
diversion
of management’s attention from the management of our
business; and
|
Ø |
adverse
effects on existing business relationships with
customers.
|
We
are subject to many environmental laws and regulations that could affect our
operations or result in significant expenses.
We
are
subject to a variety of U.S. Federal, state, local and foreign governmental
laws, rules and regulations related to the use, storage, handling, discharge
or
disposal of certain toxic, volatile or otherwise hazardous chemicals used in
our
manufacturing process both in the United States where our wafer fabrication
facility is located, in China where our assembly, test and packaging facilities
are located, and in Taiwan (where our analog products were produced through
2007). Some of these regulations in the United States include the Federal Clean
Water Act, Clean Air Act, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act and similar state
statutes and regulations. Any of these regulations could require us to acquire
equipment or to incur substantial other expenses to comply with environmental
regulations. If we were to incur such additional expenses, our product costs
could significantly increase, materially affecting our business, financial
condition and results of operations. Any failure to comply with present or
future environmental laws, rules and regulations could result in fines,
suspension of production or cessation of operations, any of which could have
a
material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of
operations. Our operations affected by such requirements include, among others:
the disposal of wastewater containing residues from our manufacturing operations
through publicly operated treatment works or sewer systems, and which may be
subject to volume and chemical discharge limits and may also require discharge
permits; and the use, storage and disposal of materials that may be classified
as toxic or hazardous. Any of these may result in, or may have resulted in,
environmental conditions for which we could be liable.
Some
environmental laws impose liability, sometimes without fault, for investigating
or cleaning up contamination on, or emanating from, our currently or formerly
owned, leased or operated properties, as well as for damages to property or
natural resources and for personal injury arising out of such contamination.
Such liability may also be joint and several, meaning that we could be held
responsible for more than our share of the liability involved, or even the
entire liability. In addition, the presence of environmental contamination
could
also interfere with ongoing operations or adversely affect our ability to sell
or lease our properties. Environmental requirements may also limit our ability
to identify suitable sites for new or expanded plants. Discovery of
contamination for which we are responsible, the enactment of new laws and
regulations, or changes in how existing requirements are enforced, could require
us to incur additional costs for compliance or subject us to unexpected
liabilities.
Our
products may be found to be defective and, as a result, product liability claims
may be asserted against us, which may harm our business and our reputation
with
our customers.
Our
products are typically sold at prices that are significantly lower than the
cost
of the equipment or other goods in which they are incorporated. For example,
our
products that are incorporated into a personal computer may be sold for several
cents, whereas the computer maker might sell the personal computer for several
hundred dollars. Although we maintain rigorous quality control systems, we
shipped approximately 10.2 billion, 14.5 billion and 18.1 billion
individual semiconductor devices in years ended at December 31, 2005, 2006
and
2007, respectively, to customers around the world, and in the ordinary course
of
our business, we receive warranty claims for some of these products that are
defective, or that do not perform to published specifications. Since a defect
or
failure in our products could give rise to failures in the end products that
incorporate them (and consequential claims for damages against our customers
from their customers), we may face claims for damages that are disproportionate
to the revenues and profits we receive from the products involved. In addition,
our ability to reduce such liabilities may be limited by the laws or the
customary business practices of the countries where we do business. Even in
cases where we do not believe we have legal liability for such claims, we may
choose to pay for them to retain a customer’s business or goodwill or to settle
claims to avoid protracted litigation. Our results of operations and business
could be adversely affected as a result of a significant quality or performance
issue in our products, if we are required or choose to pay for the damages
that
result. Although we currently have product liability insurance, we may not
have
sufficient insurance coverage, and we may not have sufficient resources, to
satisfy all possible product liability claims. In addition, any perception
that
our products are defective would likely result in reduced sales of our products,
loss of customers and harm to our business and reputation.
We
may fail to attract or retain the qualified technical, sales, marketing and
management personnel required to operate our business
successfully.
Our
future success depends, in part, upon our ability to attract and retain highly
qualified technical, sales, marketing and managerial personnel. Personnel with
the necessary expertise are scarce and competition for personnel with these
skills is intense. We may not be able to retain existing key technical, sales,
marketing and managerial employees or be successful in attracting, assimilating
or retaining other highly qualified technical, sales, marketing and managerial
personnel in the future. For example, we have faced, and continue to face,
intense competition for qualified technical and other personnel in Shanghai,
China, where our assembly, test and packaging facilities are located. A number
of U.S. and multi-national corporations, both in the semiconductor industry
and
in other industries, have recently established and are continuing to establish
factories and plants in Shanghai, China, and the competition for qualified
personnel has increased significantly as a result. If we are unable to retain
existing key employees or are unsuccessful in attracting new highly qualified
employees, our business, financial condition and results of operations could
be
materially and adversely affected.
We
may not be able to maintain our growth or achieve future growth and such growth
may place a strain on our management and on our systems and
resources.
Our
ability to successfully grow our business within the discrete and analog
semiconductor markets requires effective planning and management. Our past
growth, and our targeted future growth, may place a significant strain on our
management and on our systems and resources, including our financial and
managerial controls, reporting systems and procedures. In addition, we will
need
to continue to train and manage our workforce worldwide. If we are unable to
effectively plan and manage our growth effectively, our business and prospects
will be harmed and we will not be able to maintain our profit growth or achieve
future growth.
Our
business may be adversely affected by obsolete inventories as a result of
changes in demand for our products and change in life cycles of our
products.
The
life
cycles of some of our products depend heavily upon the life cycles of the end
products into which devices are designed. These types of end-market products
with short life cycles require us to manage closely our production and inventory
levels. Inventory may also become obsolete because of adverse changes in
end-market demand. We may in the future be adversely affected by obsolete or
excess inventories which may result from unanticipated changes in the estimated
total demand for our products or the estimated life cycles of the end products
into which our products are designed. In addition, some customers restrict
how
far back the date of manufacture for our products can be, and therefore some
of
our products inventory may become obsolete, and thus, adversely affect our
results of operations.
If
OEMs do not design our products into their applications, a portion of our net
sales may be adversely affected.
We
expect
an increasingly significant portion of net sales will come from products we
design specifically for our customers. However, we may be unable to achieve
these design wins. In addition, a design win from a customer does not
necessarily guarantee future sales to that customer. Without design wins from
OEMs, we would only be able to sell our products to these OEMs as a second
source, which usually means we are only able to sell a limited amount of product
to them. Once an OEM designs another supplier’s semiconductors into one of its
product platforms, it is more difficult for us to achieve future design wins
with that OEM’s product platform because changing suppliers involves significant
cost, time, effort and risk to an OEM. Achieving a design win with a customer
does not ensure that we will receive significant revenues from that customer
and
we may be unable to convert design into actual sales. Even after a design win,
the customer is not obligated to purchase our products and can choose at any
time to stop using our products, if, for example, its own products are not
commercially successful.
We
rely heavily on our internal electronic information and communications systems,
and any system outage could adversely affect our business and results of
operations.
All
of
our operations, other than Diodes-FabTech, operate on a single technology
platform. To manage our international operations efficiently and effectively,
we
rely heavily on our Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system, internal
electronic information and communications systems and on systems or support
services from third parties. Any of these systems are subject to electrical
or
telecommunications outages, computer hacking or other general system failure.
It
is also possible that future acquisitions operate on ERP systems different
from
ours and that we could face difficulties in integrating operational and
accounting functions of new acquisitions. Difficulties in upgrading or expanding
our ERP system or system-wide or local failures that affect our information
processing could have material adverse effects on our business, financial
condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We
are subject to interest rate risk that could have an adverse effect on our
cost
of working capital and interest expenses.
We
have
credit facilities with U.S. and Asian financial institutions, as well as other
debt instruments, with interest rates equal to LIBOR or similar indices plus
a
negotiated margin. A rise in interest rates could have an adverse impact upon
our cost of working capital and our interest expense. As of December 31,
2007, our outstanding interest-bearing debt was $237.2 million. An increase
of
1.0% in interest rates would increase our annual interest rate expense by
approximately $0.1 million (our $230 million in convertible notes bear a 2.25%
fixed interest rate).
We
had a significant amount of debt following the offering of convertible notes.
Our substantial indebtedness could adversely affect our business, financial
condition and results of operations and our ability to meet our payment
obligations under the notes and or other debt.
Following
the offering of convertible notes in October 2006, we had a significant amount
of debt and substantial debt service requirements. As of December 31, 2007,
we
had $237.2 million of outstanding debt, including $230 million senior
convertible notes. In addition, $58.1 million is available for future borrowings
under our principal U.S. credit facility, and we are permitted under the terms
of our debt agreements to incur substantial additional debt.
This
level of debt could have significant consequences on our future operations,
including:
Ø |
making
it more difficult for us to meet our payment and other obligations
under
the notes and our other outstanding
debt;
|
Ø |
resulting
in an event of default if we fail to comply with the financial and
other
restrictive covenants contained in our debt agreements, which event
of
default could result in all of our debt becoming immediately due
and
payable and, in the case of an event of default under our secured
debt,
such as our senior secured credit facility, could permit the lenders
to
foreclose on our assets securing that
debt;
|
Ø |
reducing
the availability of our cash flow to fund working capital, capital
expenditures, acquisitions and other general corporate purposes,
and
limiting our ability to obtain additional financing for these
purposes;
|
Ø |
subjecting
us to the risk of increased sensitivity to interest rate increases
on our
indebtedness with variable interest rates, including borrowings under
senior secured credit facility;
|
Ø |
limiting
our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, and increasing our
vulnerability to, changes in our business, the industry in which
we
operate and the general economy; and
|
Ø |
placing us at a competitive disadvantage compared
to our
competitors that have less debt or are less
leveraged. |
Any
of
the above-listed factors could have an adverse effect on our business, financial
condition and results of operations and our ability to meet our payment
obligations under the notes and our other debt.
We
maintain a portfolio of investments, primarily auction rate securities,
which
are classified as current, available-for-sale investments. Based on current
market conditions, it is likely that auctions related to these securities will
be unsuccessful in the near term, which will limit liquidity related to these
investments, and may cause us to record realized or unrealized losses on our
financial statements.
As
of
December 31, 2007, we had $320.7 invested primarily in auction rate securities,
which are classified as current, available-for-sale investments. Although the
maturities of the securities are over 10 years, management intends to use the
funds within one year and does not anticipate holding the investments until
maturity; therefore, the securities are classified as short-term and included
in
short-term investments on our consolidated balance sheets. The carrying values
of available-for-sale securities approximates fair value. These investments
are
primarily in municipal and student loan association bonds that are fully
collateralized by AAA rated bonds, and/or insured against loss of principal
and
interest by AAA rated bond insurers. None of these investments are
collateralized mortgage obligations or are any other type of mortgage- or real
estate-backed security. Auction
rate securities are generally long-term debt instruments that provide liquidity
through a Dutch auction process that resets the applicable interest rate at
pre-determined calendar intervals. These mechanisms generally allow existing
investors to rollover their holdings and continue to own their respective
securities or liquidate their holdings by selling their securities at par value.
We
generally invest in these securities for short periods of time as part of our
cash management program. However, the recent uncertainties in the credit markets
have prevented us and other investors from liquidating holdings of auction
rate
securities in recent auctions occurring subsequent to December 31, 2007, because
the amount of securities submitted for sale has exceeded the amount of purchase
orders, resulting
in our continuing to hold these securities and the issuers paying interest
at
the maximum contractual rates which are higher than similar securities for
which
auctions have cleared. Based on current market conditions, it is likely
that auctions related to more of these securities will be unsuccessful in the
near term. Unsuccessful auctions could result in our
holding securities beyond their next scheduled auction reset dates if a
secondary market does not develop, thereby limiting the short-term liquidity
of
these investments. The
reported amounts for these securities take into consideration the financial
conditions of the issuer and the bond insurers as well as the value of the
collateral. If
the
credit ratings of the issuer, the bond insurers or the collateral deteriorate,
we may adjust the carrying value of these investments. Although we are uncertain
as to when the liquidity issues relating to these investments will improve,
we
consider these issues to be only temporary. Any
temporary decline, if sustained, would be recognized in other comprehensive
income. It is possible that declines in fair value may occur. We continue to
monitor the market for auction rate securities and consider its impact (if
any)
on the fair market value of the investments. If the current market conditions
deteriorate further the Company may be required to record unrealized losses
in
other comprehensive income or impairment charges in 2008.
If
we fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls or discover
material weaknesses in our internal controls over financial reporting, we may
not be able to report our financial results accurately or detect fraud, which
could harm our business and the trading price of our Common
Stock.
Effective
internal controls are necessary for us to produce reliable financial reports
and
are important in our effort to prevent financial fraud. We are required to
periodically evaluate the effectiveness of the design and operation of our
internal controls. These evaluations may result in the conclusion that
enhancements, modifications or changes to our internal controls are necessary
or
desirable. While management evaluates the effectiveness of our internal controls
on a regular basis, these controls may not always be effective. There are
inherent limitations on the effectiveness of internal controls including
collusion, management override, and failure of human judgment. Because of this,
control procedures are designed to reduce rather than eliminate business risks.
If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls or if management
or our independent registered public accounting firm were to discover material
weaknesses in our internal controls, we may be unable to produce reliable
financial reports or prevent fraud which could harm our financial condition
and
results of operations and result in loss of investor confidence and a decline
in
our stock price.
Terrorist
attacks, or threats or occurrences of other terrorist activities whether in
the
United States or internationally may affect the markets in which our Common
Stock trades, the markets in which we operate and our
profitability.
Terrorist
attacks, or threats or occurrences of other terrorist or related activities,
whether in the United States or internationally, may affect the markets in
which
our Common Stock trades, the markets in which we operate and our profitability.
Future terrorist or related activities could affect our domestic and
international sales, disrupt our supply chains and impair our ability to produce
and deliver our products. Such activities could affect our physical facilities
or those of our suppliers or customers. Such terrorist attacks could cause
ports
or airports to or through which we ship to be shut down, thereby preventing
the
delivery of raw materials and finished goods to or from our manufacturing
facilities in Shanghai, China, Taiwan or Kansas City, Missouri, or to our
regional sales offices. Due to the broad and uncertain effects that terrorist
attacks have had on financial and economic markets generally, we cannot provide
any estimate of how these activities might affect our future
results.
RISKS
RELATED TO OUR INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS
Our
international operations subject us to risks that could adversely affect our
operations.
We
expect
net sales from foreign markets to continue to represent a significant portion
of
our total net sales. In addition, the majority of our manufacturing facilities
are located overseas in China. In 2005, 2006 and 2007, net sales to customers
outside the United States represented 74.4%, 77.8% and 79.7%, respectively,
of
our net sales. There are risks inherent in doing business internationally,
and
any or all of the following factors could cause harm to our
business:
Ø |
changes
in, or impositions of, legislative or regulatory requirements, including
tax laws in the United States and in the countries in which we manufacture
or sell our products;
|
Ø |
compliance
with trade or other laws in a variety of
jurisdictions;
|
Ø |
trade
restrictions, transportation delays, work stoppages, and economic
and
political instability;
|
Ø |
changes
in import/export regulations, tariffs and freight
rates;
|
Ø |
difficulties
in collecting receivables and enforcing
contracts;
|
Ø |
currency
exchange rate fluctuations;
|
Ø |
restrictions
on the transfer of funds from foreign subsidiaries to the United
States;
|
Ø |
the
possibility of international conflict, particularly between or among
China
and Taiwan and the United States;
|
Ø |
legal
regulatory, political and cultural differences among the countries
in
which we do business;
|
Ø |
longer
customer payment terms; and
|
Ø |
changes
in U.S. or foreign tax regulations.
|
We
have significant operations and assets in China, Taiwan and Hong Kong and,
as a
result, will be subject to risks inherent in doing business in those
jurisdictions, which may adversely affect our financial
performance.
We
have a
significant portion of our assets in mainland China, Taiwan and Hong Kong.
Our
ability to operate in China, Taiwan and Hong Kong may be adversely affected
by
changes in those jurisdictions’ laws and regulations, including those relating
to taxation, import and export tariffs, environmental regulations, land use
rights, property and other matters. In addition, our results of operations
in
China, Taiwan and Hong Kong are subject to the economic and political situation
there. We believe that our operations in China, Taiwan and Hong Kong are in
compliance with all applicable legal and regulatory requirements. However,
the
central or local governments of these jurisdictions may impose new, stricter
regulations or interpretations of existing regulations that would require
additional expenditures and efforts on our part to ensure our compliance with
such regulations or interpretations.
Changes
in the political environment or government policies in those jurisdictions
could
result in revisions to laws or regulations or their interpretation and
enforcement, increased taxation, restrictions on imports, import duties or
currency revaluations. In addition, a significant destabilization of relations
between or among China, Taiwan or Hong Kong and the United States could result
in restrictions or prohibitions on our operations or the sale of our products
or
the forfeiture of our assets in these jurisdictions. There can be no certainty
as to the application of the laws and regulations of these jurisdictions in
particular instances. Enforcement of existing laws or agreements may be sporadic
and implementation and interpretation of laws inconsistent. Moreover, there
is a
high degree of fragmentation among regulatory authorities, resulting in
uncertainties as to which authorities have jurisdiction over particular parties
or transactions. The possibility of political conflict between these countries
or with the United States could have an adverse impact upon our ability to
transact business in these jurisdictions and to generate profits.
We
are subject to foreign currency risk as a result of our international
operations.
We
face
exposure to adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates, primarily
Asian currencies and, to a lesser extent, the Euro. For example, many of our
employees who are located in China, are paid in the Chinese Yuan and,
accordingly, an increase in the value of the Yuan compared to the
U.S. dollar could increase our operating expenses. In addition, we sell our
products in various currencies and, accordingly, a decline in the value of
any
such currency against the U.S. dollar, which is our primary functional
currency, could create a decrease in our net sales. Our foreign currency risk
may change over time as the level of activity in foreign markets grows and
could
have an adverse impact upon our financial results. These currencies are
principally the Chinese Yuan, the Taiwanese dollar, the Japanese Yen, the Euro
and the Hong Kong dollar. The Chinese government has recently taken action
to
permit the Yuan to U.S. dollar exchange rate to fluctuate, which may
exacerbate our exposure to foreign currency risk and harm our results of
operations. We do not usually employ hedging techniques designed to mitigate
foreign currency exposures and, therefore, we could experience currency losses
as these currencies fluctuate against the U.S. dollar.
We
may not continue to receive preferential tax treatment in Asia, thereby
increasing our income tax expense and reducing our net
income.
As
an
incentive for establishing our manufacturing subsidiaries in China, we receive
preferential tax treatment. In addition, in conjunction with the acquisition
of
Anachip, we also receive preferential tax treatment in Taiwan. Governmental
changes in foreign tax law may cause us not to be able
to
continue receiving these preferential tax treatments in the future, which may
cause an increase in our income tax expense, thereby reducing our net
income.
The
distribution of any earnings of our foreign subsidiaries to the United States
may be subject to U.S. income taxes, thus reducing our net
income.
As
of
December 31, 2006, accumulated and undistributed earnings of Diodes-China
and
Diodes-Shanghai were approximately $67.0 million (including $28.5 million
of
restricted earnings, which are not available for dividends), which we considered
as a permanent investment, and we had recorded $3.3 million in additional
U.S.
taxes, primarily for earnings of Diodes-Hong Kong.
With
the
establishment of the holding companies in 2007, the Company now intends to
permanently reinvest overseas all of its earnings from its foreign subsidiaries.
Accordingly, the $3.3 million deferred tax liability was reversed during
2007
and U.S. taxes are no longer being recorded on undistributed foreign earnings.
As
of
December 31, 2007, the Company has undistributed earnings from its non-U.S.
operations of approximately $167 million (including $28.5 million of restricted
earnings which are not available for dividends). Additional Federal and state
income taxes of approximately $40 million would be required should such earnings
be repatriated to the U.S. parent.
We
may,
in the future, plan to distribute earnings of our foreign subsidiaries from
Asia
to the U.S. We may be required to pay U.S. income taxes on these earnings
to the extent we have not previously recorded deferred U.S. taxes on such
earnings. Any such taxes would reduce our net income in the period in which
these earnings are distributed.
RISKS
RELATED TO OUR COMMON STOCK
Variations
in our quarterly operating results may cause our stock price to be
volatile.
We
may
experience substantial variations in net sales, gross profit margin and
operating results from quarter to quarter. We believe that the factors that
influence this variability of quarterly results include:
Ø |
general
economic conditions in the countries where we sell our
products;
|
Ø |
seasonality
and variability in the computing and communications market and our
other
end-markets;
|
Ø |
the
timing of our and our competitors’ new product
introductions;
|
Ø |
the
scheduling, rescheduling and cancellation of large orders by our
customers;
|
Ø |
the
cyclical nature of demand for our customers’
products;
|
Ø |
our
ability to develop new process technologies and achieve volume production
at our fabrication facilities;
|
Ø |
changes
in manufacturing yields;
|
Ø |
changes
in gross profit margins due to the Anachip or APD
acquisitions;
|
Ø |
adverse
movements in exchange rates, interest rates or tax
rates; and
|
Ø |
the
availability of adequate supply commitments from our outside suppliers
or
subcontractors.
|
Accordingly,
a comparison of our results of operations from period to period is not
necessarily meaningful to investors and our results of operations for any period
do not necessarily indicate future performance. Variations in our quarterly
results may trigger volatile changes in our stock price.
We
may enter into future acquisitions and take certain actions in connection with
such acquisitions that could affect the price of our Common
Stock.
As
part
of our growth strategy, we expect to review acquisition prospects that would
implement our vertical integration strategy or offer other growth opportunities.
While we do not currently have any agreements or commitments in place with
respect to any material acquisitions, we are in various stages of preliminary
discussions, and we may acquire businesses, products or technologies in the
future. In the event of future acquisitions, we could:
Ø |
use
a significant portion of our available
cash;
|
Ø |
issue
equity securities, which would dilute current stockholders’ percentage
ownership;
|
Ø |
incur
substantial debt;
|
Ø |
incur
or assume contingent liabilities, known or
unknown;
|
Ø |
incur
amortization expenses related to
intangibles; and
|
Ø |
incur
large, immediate accounting
write-offs.
|
Such
actions by us could harm our results from operations and adversely affect the
price of our Common Stock.
Our
directors, executive officers and significant stockholders hold a substantial
portion of our Common Stock, which may lead to conflicts with other stockholders
over corporate transactions and other corporate
matters.
Our
directors, executive officers and our affiliate, LSC, beneficially own
approximately 30.4% of our outstanding Common Stock, including options to
purchase shares of our Common Stock that are exercisable within 60 days of
December 31, 2007. These stockholders, acting together, will be able to
influence significantly all matters requiring stockholder approval, including
the election of directors and significant corporate transactions such as mergers
or other business combinations. This control may delay, deter or prevent a
third
party from acquiring or merging with us, which could adversely affect the market
price of our Common Stock.
LSC,
our
largest stockholder, owns approximately 21.6% (approximately 8.7 million shares)
of our Common Stock. Some of our directors and executive officers may have
potential conflicts of interest because of their positions with LSC or their
ownership of LSC Common Stock. Some of our directors are LSC directors and
officers, and our non-employee Chairman of our Board of Directors is Chairman
of
the board of LSC. Several of our directors and executive officers own LSC Common
Stock and hold options to purchase LSC common stock. Service on our Board of
Directors and as a director or officer of LSC, or ownership of LSC common stock
by our directors and executive officers, could create, or appear to create,
actual or potential conflicts of interest when directors and officers are faced
with decisions that could have different implications for LSC and us. For
example, potential conflicts could arise in connection with decisions involving
the Common Stock owned by LSC, or under the other agreements we may enter into
with LSC. LSC was our largest external supplier of discrete semiconductor
products for subsequent sale by us. In 2006 and 2007, approximately 13.0% and
11.3%, respectively, of our net sales were from products manufactured by LSC.
In
addition to being our largest external supplier of finished products in each
of
these periods, we sold silicon wafers to LSC totaling 6.5% and 6.2%,
respectively, of our net sales during such periods, making LSC our largest
customer.
We
may
have difficulty resolving any potential conflicts of interest with LSC, and
even
if we do, the resolution may be less favorable than if we were dealing with
an
entirely unrelated third party.
We
were formed in 1959, and our early corporate records are incomplete. As a
result, we may have difficulty in assessing and defending against claims
relating to rights to our Common Stock purporting to arise during periods for
which our records are incomplete.
We
were
formed in 1959 under the laws of California and reincorporated in Delaware
in
1969. We have had several transfer agents over the past 49 years. In
addition, our early corporate records, including our stock ledger, are
incomplete. As a result, we may have difficulty in assessing and defending
against claims relating to rights to our Common Stock purporting to arise during
periods for which our records are incomplete.
Conversion
of our convertible senior notes will dilute the ownership interest of existing
stockholders, including holders who had previously converted their
notes.
To
the
extent we issue Common Stock upon conversion of the notes, the conversion of
some or all of the notes will dilute the ownership interests of existing
stockholders, including holders who have received Common Stock upon prior
conversion of the notes. Any sales in the public market of the Common Stock
issuable upon such conversion could adversely affect prevailing market prices
of
our Common Stock. In addition, the existence of the notes may encourage short
selling by market participants because the conversion of the notes could depress
the price of our Common Stock.
The
repurchase rights and the increased conversion rate triggered by a make-whole
fundamental change could discourage a potential
acquirer.
If
a
“fundamental change” in accordance with the terms of the senior convertible
notes were to occur, the holders of the notes have the right to require us
to
repurchase the notes. A fundamental change would include a change in control
of
the Company. In addition, if a make-whole fundamental change were to occur,
which may include an acquisition of the Company, the conversion rate for the
senior convertible notes will increase. The repurchase rights in our senior
convertible notes triggered by a fundamental change and the increased conversion
rate triggered by a make-whole fundamental change could discourage a potential
acquirer.
Anti-takeover
effects of certain provisions of Delaware law and our Certificate of
Incorporation and By-laws.
Some
provisions of Delaware law, our certificate of incorporation and by-laws may
be
deemed to have an anti-takeover effect and may delay or prevent a tender offer
to takeover attempt that a stockholder might consider in its best interest,
including those attempts that might result in a premium over the market price
for the shares held by stockholders.
Section 203
of Delaware General Corporation Law
Section 203
of the Delaware General Corporation Law prohibits transactions between a
Delaware corporation and an “interested stockholder,” which is defined as a
person who, together with any affiliates or associates, beneficially owns,
directly or indirectly, 15.0% or more of the outstanding voting shares of a
Delaware corporation. This provision prohibits certain business combinations
between an interested stockholder and a Delaware corporation for a period of
three years after the date the stockholder becomes an interested stockholder,
unless:
(i)
either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the
stockholder becoming an interested stockholder is approved by the corporation’s
board of directors prior to the date the interested stockholder becomes an
interested stockholder;
(ii)
the
interested stockholder acquired at least 85.0% of the voting stock of the
corporation (other than stock held by directors who are also officers or be
certain employee stock plans) in the transaction in which the stockholder became
an interested stockholder; or
(iii)
the
business combination is approved by a majority of the board of directors and
by
the affirmative vote of 66.66% of the outstanding voting stock that is not
owned
by the interested stockholder.
For
this
purpose, business combinations include mergers, consolidations, sales or other
dispositions of assets having an aggregate value in excess of 10.0% of the
aggregate market value of the consolidated assets or outstanding stock of the
corporation, and certain transactions that would increase the interested
stockholder’s proportionate share ownership in the corporation.
Certificate
of Incorporation and Bylaw Provisions
Provisions
of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws may have the effect of making
it
more difficult for a third party to acquire control of our company. In
particular, our bylaws authorize our Board of Directors to issue, without
further action by the stockholders, up to 1,000,000 shares of undesignated
preferred stock with rights and preferences, including voting rights, designated
from time to time by the Board of Directors. The existence of authorized but
unissued shares of preferred stock enables our board of directors to render
more
difficult or to discourage an attempt to obtain control of us by means of a
merger, tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise.
Item
1B. Unresolved
Staff Comments
None
Item
2. Properties
Our
primary physical properties at December 31, 2007, were as follows:
*
Size is
less than 1,000 square feet and/or monthly rental is less than
$1,000.
We
believe our current facilities are adequate for the foreseeable future. See
“Property, Plant and Equipment” and “Commitments
and Contingencies” in “Notes
to
Consolidated Financial Statements.”
Item
3. Legal
Proceedings
We
are,
from time to time, involved in litigation incidental to the conduct of our
business. We do not believe we are currently a party to any material pending
litigation.
Item
4. Submission
of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
No
matter
was submitted by us to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter
of
2007.
PART
II
Item
5.
|
|
Market
for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer
Purchases of Equity
Securities
|
Our
Common Stock is traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market ("NasdaqGS") under
the
symbol "DIOD." Until June 19, 2000, our Common Stock was traded on the American
Stock Exchange (“AMEX”) under the symbol "DIO." In July 2000, November 2003,
December 2005 and July 2007, we effected 50% stock dividends in the form of
three-for-two stock splits. The following table shows the range of high and
low
closing sales prices per share, adjusted for the three-for-two stock splits,
for
our Common Stock for each fiscal quarter from January 1, 2006 as reported by
NasdaqGS.
Calendar
Quarter
Ended
|
|
Closing
Sales Price of
Common
Stock
|
|
|
|
High
|
|
Low
|
|
First
quarter (through February 26, 2008)
|
|
$
|
29.71
|
|
$
|
22.68
|
|
Fourth
quarter 2007
|
|
|
34.71
|
|
|
27.40
|
|
Third
quarter 2007
|
|
|
32.84
|
|
|
26.31
|
|
Second
quarter 2007
|
|
|
27.85
|
|
|
23.06
|
|
First
quarter 2007
|
|
|
26.94
|
|
|
21.89
|
|
Fourth
quarter 2006
|
|
|
30.23
|
|
|
23.65
|
|
Third
quarter 2006
|
|
|
30.66
|
|
|
21.71
|
|
Second
quarter 2006
|
|
|
29.08
|
|
|
21.69
|
|
First
quarter 2006
|
|
|
27.67
|
|
|
21.64
|
|
On
February 26, 2008, the closing sales price of our Common Stock as reported
by
NasdaqGS was $23.92,
and there
were approximately 500 registered holders of record of our Common
Stock.
We
have
never declared or paid cash dividends on our Common Stock. Our
credit agreement permits us to pay dividends to our stockholders to the extent
that any such dividends declared or paid in any fiscal year do not exceed an
amount equal to 50% of our net profit after taxes for such fiscal year. The
payment of dividends is within the discretion of our Board of Directors, and
will depend upon, among other things, our earnings, financial condition, capital
requirements, and general business conditions. There have been no stock
repurchases in our history.
Performance
Graph
Set
forth
below is a line graph comparing the yearly percentage change in the cumulative
total stockholder return of our Common Stock against the cumulative total return
of the Nasdaq Composite and the Nasdaq Industrial Index for the five calendar
years ending December 31, 2007. The graph is not necessarily indicative of
future price performance.
The
graph shall not be deemed incorporated by reference by any general statement
incorporating by reference this Annual Report into any filing under the
Securities Act of 1933 or under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, except
to
the extent that the Company specifically incorporates this information by
reference, and shall not otherwise be deemed filed under such
Acts.
Source:
CTA Integrated Communications. Data from ReutersBRIDGE Data
Networks
The
graph
assumes $100 invested on December 31, 2002 in our Common Stock, the stock of
the
companies in the Nasdaq Composite Index and the Nasdaq Industrial Index, and
that all dividends received within a quarter, if any, were reinvested in that
quarter.
Item
6. Selected
Financial Data
The
following selected consolidated financial data for the fiscal years ended
December 31, 2003 through 2007 is qualified in its entirety by, and should
be
read in conjunction with, the other information and consolidated financial
statements, including the notes thereto, appearing elsewhere herein.
Certain
amounts as presented in the accompanying consolidated financial statements
have
been reclassified to conform to 2007 financial statement presentation. These
reclassifications had no impact on previously reported net income or
stockholders' equity.
(In
thousands, except per share data)
|
|
|
|
Years
ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
Statement Data
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
2005
|
|
2006
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
sales
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
136,905
|
|
$
|
185,703
|
|
$
|
214,765
|
|
$
|
343,308
|
|
$
|
401,159
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross
profit
|
|
|
|
|
|
36,528
|
|
|
60,735
|
|
|
74,377
|
|
|
113,892
|
|
|
130,379
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selling,
general and administrative expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
19,586
|
|
|
23,503
|
|
|
30,285
|
|
|
47,945
|
|
|
55,461
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research
and development expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,049
|
|
|
3,422
|
|
|
3,713
|
|
|
8,317
|
|
|
13,515
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restructuring
costs and impairment loss of long-lived assets
|
|
|
1,037
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
(102
|
)
|
|
152
|
|
|
1,003
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
from operations
|
|
|
|
|
|
13,856
|
|
|
33,796
|
|
|
40,481
|
|
|
57,478
|
|
|
60,400
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
income (expense), net
|
|
|
|
|
|
(860
|
)
|
|
(637
|
)
|
|
221
|
|
|
4,855
|
|
|
11,286
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
Income (expense)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5
|
)
|
|
(418
|
)
|
|
406
|
|
|
(1,212
|
)
|
|
(225
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
before taxes and minority interest
|
|
|
|
|
|
12,991
|
|
|
32,741
|
|
|
41,108
|
|
|
61,121
|
|
|
71,461
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
tax provision
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,460
|
|
|
6,514
|
|
|
6,685
|
|
|
11,689
|
|
|
9,428
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Minority
interest in joint venture
|
|
|
|
|
|
(436
|
)
|
|
(676
|
)
|
|
(1,094
|
)
|
|
(1,289
|
)
|
|
(2,376
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,095
|
|
|
25,551
|
|
|
33,329
|
|
|
48,143
|
|
|
59,657
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings
per share: (1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
0.35
|
|
$
|
0.85
|
|
$
|
0.96
|
|
$
|
1.25
|
|
$
|
1.51
|
|
Diluted
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
0.31
|
|
$
|
0.73
|
|
$
|
0.86
|
|
$
|
1.16
|
|
$
|
1.41
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number
of shares used in computation (1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
|
|
|
28,644
|
|
|
30,160
|
|
|
34,752
|
|
|
38,443
|
|
|
39,601
|
|
Diluted
|
|
|
|
|
|
32,414
|
|
|
34,811
|
|
|
38,842
|
|
|
41,502
|
|
|
42,331
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As
of December 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance
Sheet Data
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
assets
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
123,795
|
|
$
|
167,801
|
|
$
|
289,515
|
|
$
|
622,139
|
|
$
|
706,365
|
|
Working
capital
|
|
|
|
|
|
27,154
|
|
|
49,571
|
|
|
146,651
|
|
|
395,354
|
|
|
451,801
|
|
Long-term
debt, net of current portion
|
|
|
|
|
|
6,750
|
|
|
7,833
|
|
|
4,865
|
|
|
237,115
|
|
|
235,815
|
|
Stockholders'
equity
|
|
|
|
|
|
71,450
|
|
|
112,148
|
|
|
225,474
|
|
|
294,167
|
|
|
369,598
|
|
(1)
Adjusted
for the effect of 3-for-2 stock splits in November 2003, December
2005 and
July 2007.
|
|
2006
data included $5.3 million, or $0.10 per diluted share, of non-cash,
net
of tax effect stock option compensation expense as per SFAS No.
123R.
|
2007
data included $4.3 million, or $0.07 per diluted share, of non-cash,
net
of tax effect stock option compensation expense as per SFAS No.
123R.
|
Item
7. Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations
The
following discussion of the Company’s financial condition and results of
operations should be read together with the consolidated financial statements
and the notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this
Form 10-K.
The
following discussion contains forward-looking statements and information
relating to our Company. We generally identify forward-looking statements by
the
use of terminology such as “may,” “will,” “could,” “should,” “potential,”
“continue,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “believe,”
“project,” or similar phrases or the negatives of such terms. We base these
statements on our beliefs as well as assumptions we made using information
currently available to us. Such statements are subject to risks, uncertainties
and assumptions, including those identified in "Item 1A. Risk Factors,” as well
as other matters not yet known to us or not currently considered material by
us.
Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should
underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially
from
those anticipated, estimated or projected. Given these risks and uncertainties,
prospective investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such
forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements do not guarantee future
performance and should not be considered as statements of
fact.
You
should not unduly rely on these forward-looking statements, which speak only
as
of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Unless required by law, we
undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking
statements to reflect new information or future events or otherwise. The Private
Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the “Act”) provides certain “safe
harbor” provisions for forward-looking statements. All forward-looking
statements made in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are made pursuant to the
Act.
Overview
We
are a
global supplier of high-quality, application specific standard products within
the broad discrete and analog semiconductor markets. These products include
diodes, rectifiers, transistors, MOSFETs, protection devices, functional
specific arrays, power management devices including DC-DC switching and linear
voltage regulators, amplifiers and comparators, Hall effect sensors, and silicon
wafers used to manufacture these products.
We
design, manufacture and market these semiconductors focused on diverse
end-user
applications in the consumer electronics, computing, industrial, communications
and automotive sectors. Semiconductors, which provide electronic signal
amplification and switching functions, are basic building-block electronic
components that are incorporated into almost every electronic device. We believe
that our focus on standard semiconductor products provides us with a meaningful
competitive advantage relative to other semiconductor companies that provide
a
wider range of semiconductor products.
We
are
headquartered in Dallas, Texas. We have two manufacturing facilities located
in
Shanghai, China, an analog design center located in Hsinchu, Taiwan and a wafer
fabrication facility in Kansas City, Missouri. Our sales and marketing and
logistical centers are located in Westlake Village, California; Taipei, Taiwan;
Shanghai and Shenzhen, China; and Hong Kong. We also have regional sales offices
or representatives in: Derbyshire, England; Toulouse, France; Frankfurt,
Germany; and various cities in the United States.
In
1998,
we began to transform our business from the distribution of discrete
semiconductors manufactured by others to the design, manufacture and marketing
of discrete semiconductor products using our internal manufacturing
capabilities. The key elements of our strategy of transforming our business
from
a distribution-based model to one primarily based on the design and manufacture
of proprietary products are:
Ø |
expanding
our manufacturing capacity, including establishing integrated
state-of-the-art packaging and testing facilities in Asia, in 1998
and
2004, and acquiring a wafer foundry in the U.S. in
2000;
|
Ø |
expanding
our sales and marketing organization in Asia in order to address
the shift
of manufacturing of electronics products from the United States to
Asia;
|
Ø |
establishing
our sales and marketing organization in Europe commencing in 2002;
and
|
Ø |
expanding
the number of our field application engineers to design our products
into
specific end-user applications;
|
In
implementing this strategy, the following factors have affected, and, we
believe, will continue to affect, our results of operations:
Ø |
Since
1998, we have experienced increases in the demand for our products,
and
substantial pressure from our customers and competitors to reduce
the
selling price of our products. We expect future increases in net
income to
result primarily from increases in sales volume and improvements
in
product mix in order to offset reduced average selling prices of
our
products.
|
Ø |
In
2006 and 2007, 28.2% and 35.1%, respectively, of our net sales were
derived from products introduced within the last three years, which
we
term “new products,” compared to 15.3% in 2005. New products generally
have gross profit margins that are significantly higher than
the margins of our standard products. We expect net sales derived
from new
products to increase in absolute terms, although our net sales of
new
products as a percentage of our net sales will depend on the demand
for
our standard products, as well as our product
mix.
|
Ø |
Our
gross profit margin was 32.5% in 2007, compared to 33.2% in 2006
and 34.6%
in 2005. Our gross profit margin decrease in 2007 was due to the
lower
gross margin related to the acquisition of the analog product line.
We
recently completed the move of our analog product from Taiwan to
our China
manufacturing facilities to increase the gross margin on this product
line. Future gross profit margins will depend primarily on our product
mix, cost savings, and the demand for our
products.
|
Ø |
As
of December 31, 2007, we had invested approximately $167.3million in
our Asian manufacturing facilities. During 2007, we invested approximately
$41.2 million in our Asian manufacturing facilities and we expect to
continue to invest in our manufacturing facilities, although the
amount to
be invested will depend on product demand and new product
developments.
|
Ø |
During
2007, the percentage of our net sales derived from our Asian subsidiaries
was 75.4%,
compared to 71.9% in 2006 and 65.4% in 2005. We expect our net sales
to
the Asian market to continue to increase as a percentage of our total
net
sales for 2008 and beyond as a result of the continuing shift of
the
manufacture of electronic products from the U.S. to
Asia.
|
Ø |
We
have increased our investment in research and development from
$8.3 million in 2006 to $13.5 million in 2007. We continue to
seek to hire qualified engineers who fit our focus on proprietary
semiconductor processes and packaging technologies. Our goal is to
expand
research and development expenses to approximately 3 to 4% of net
sales,
which will enable us to bring additional proprietary devices to the
market.
|
On
October 12, 2006, we issued and sold convertible senior notes with an aggregate
principal amount of $230 million due 2026 (“Notes”), which pay 2.25% interest
per annum on the principal amount of the Notes, payable semi-annually in arrears
on April 1 and October 1 of each year, beginning on April 1, 2007. The
Notes
will be convertible into cash or, at our option, cash and shares of our Common
Stock based on an initial conversion rate, subject to adjustment, of 25.6419
shares (split adjusted) per $1,000 principal amount of Notes (which represents
an initial conversion price of $39.00 per share, split adjusted), in certain
circumstances. In addition, following a “make-whole fundamental change” that
occurs prior to October 1, 2011, we will, at our option, increase the conversion
rate for a holder who elects to convert its Notes in connection with such
“make-whole fundamental change,” in certain circumstances. We intend to use the
net proceeds for working capital and general corporate purposes, which may
include the acquisition of businesses, products, product rights or technologies,
strategic investments, or purchases of our own Common Stock.
During
2005, we sold 4.8 million shares (split adjusted) of our Common Stock in a
follow-on public offering, raising approximately $71.7 million (net of
commissions and expenses). We used approximately $40 million of the net proceeds
in connection with the Anachip and APD acquisitions, and we
intend
to use the remaining net proceeds from this offering for working capital and
other general corporate purposes, including additional
acquisitions.
As
part
of our growth strategy, in December 2005, we announced the acquisition of
Anachip, a fabless Taiwanese semiconductor company focused on analog ICs
designed for specific applications. The $30.8 million acquisition, which was
completed in January 2006, is in line with our long-term strategy. Anachip’s
main product focus is power management ICs. The analog devices they produce
are
used in LCD monitor/TVs, wireless LAN 802.11 access points, brushless DC motor
fans, portable DVD players, datacom devices, ADSL modems, TV/satellite set-top
boxes, and power supplies. Anachip brings a design team with strong capabilities
in a range of targeted analog and power management technologies.
On
November 3, 2006, we completed the purchase of the assets of APD Semiconductor,
a privately held U.S.-based fabless semiconductor company. APD's main product
focus is its patented and trademarked Super Barrier Rectifier
TM
(SBR®)
technology. The purchase price of the acquisition was $8.4 million in addition
to a potential earn-out provision with respect to pre-defined covered products.
The APD acquisition will further strengthen our technology leadership in the
standard semiconductor market and expand our product capabilities across
important segments of our end-markets.
Net
sales
We
generate a substantial portion of our net sales through the sale of
semiconductor products that are designed and manufactured by third parties
or
us. We also generate a portion of our net sales from outsourcing our
manufacturing capacity to third parties and from the sale of silicon wafers
to
manufacturers of discrete and
analog semiconductor
components. We serve customers across diversified industries, including the
consumer electronics, computing, industrial, communications and automotive
markets.
We
recognize revenue from product sales when title to and risk of loss of the
product have passed to the customer, there is persuasive evidence of an
arrangement, the sale price is fixed or determinable and collection of the
related receivable is reasonably assured. These criteria are generally met
upon
shipment to our customers. Net sales are stated net of reserves for pricing
adjustments, discounts, rebates and returns.
The
principal factors that have affected or could affect our net sales from period
to period are:
Ø |
the
condition of the economy in general and of the semiconductor industry
in
particular,
|
Ø |
our
customers’ adjustments in their order
levels,
|
Ø |
changes
in our pricing policies or the pricing policies of our competitors
or
suppliers,
|
Ø |
the
termination of key supplier
relationships,
|
Ø |
the
rate of introduction to, and acceptance of new products by, our
customers,
|
Ø |
our
ability to compete effectively with our current and future
competitors,
|
Ø |
our
ability to enter into and renew key corporate and strategic relationships
with our customers, vendors and strategic
alliances,
|
Ø |
changes
in foreign currency exchange rates,
|
Ø |
a
major disruption of our information technology
infrastructure, and
|
Ø |
unforeseen
catastrophic events, such as armed conflict, terrorism, fires, typhoons
and earthquakes.
|
Cost
of goods sold
Cost
of
goods sold includes manufacturing costs for our semiconductors and our wafers.
These costs include raw materials used in our manufacturing processes as well
as
the labor costs and overhead expenses. In addition to costs of raw materials,
cost of goods sold is also impacted by yield improvements, capacity utilization
and manufacturing efficiencies. In addition, cost of goods sold includes the
cost of products that we purchase from other manufacturers and sell to our
customers. Cost of goods sold is also affected by inventory obsolescence if
our
inventory management is not efficient.
Selling,
general and administrative expenses
Selling,
general and administrative expenses relate primarily to compensation and
associated expenses for personnel in general management, sales and marketing,
information technology, engineering, human resources, procurement, planning
and
finance, and sales commissions, as well as outside legal, accounting and
consulting expenses, and other operating expenses. We expect our selling,
general and administrative expenses to increase in absolute dollars as we hire
additional personnel and expand our sales, marketing and engineering efforts
and
information technology infrastructure.
Research
and development expenses
Research
and development expenses consist of compensation and associated costs of
employees engaged in research and development projects, as well as materials
and
equipment used for these projects. Research and development expenses are
primarily associated with our wafer facility in Kansas City, Missouri and our
facilities in China and Taiwan, as well as with our engineers in the U.S. All
research and development expenses are expensed as incurred, and we expect our
research and development expenses to increase in absolute dollars as we invest
in new technologies and product lines.
Interest
income / expense
Interest
income consists of interest earned on our cash and investment balances. Interest
expense consists of interest payable on our outstanding credit facilities and
other debt instruments including the convertible bonds.
Income
tax provision
Income
tax expenses of $6.7 million, $11.7 million and $9.4 million were recorded
for
the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006, and 2007, respectively, resulting
in
effective tax rates of 16.3%, 19.1% and 13.2% in the years ended December 31,
2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively. Our lower effective tax rate in 2007 compared
with the prior year was the result of lower income in the U.S. and higher income
in lower-taxed jurisdictions, as well as a decrease in the amount of estimated
repatriation of earnings of our foreign subsidiaries, partially offset by the
increased income tax rate at one of our China subsidiaries (Diodes-Shanghai
is
subject to a 7.5% preferential tax rate from 2007 through 2009,
compared to a 0% tax rate in 2006).
Our
global presence requires us to pay income taxes in a number of jurisdictions.
In
general, earnings in the U.S. and Taiwan are currently subject to tax rates
of
39.5% and 25.0%, respectively. In addition, Taiwan earnings are subject to
an
additional 10% retained earnings tax should the Taiwan earnings not be
distributed. Earnings of Diodes-Hong Kong are subject to a 17.5% tax for local
sales or local source sales; all other Hong Kong sales are not subject to
foreign income taxes. Earnings at Diodes-Taiwan and Diodes-Hong Kong are also
subject to U.S. taxes with respect to those earnings that are derived from
product manufactured by our China subsidiaries and sold to customers outside
of
Taiwan and Hong Kong, respectively. The U.S. tax rate on this Subpart-F
income is computed as the difference between the foreign effective tax rates
and
the U.S. tax rate. In accordance with U.S. tax law, we receive credit
against our U.S. Federal tax liability for income taxes paid by our foreign
subsidiaries.
As
an
incentive for the formation of Anachip, earnings of Anachip are subject to
a
five-year tax holiday (subject to certain qualifications of Taiwanese tax law).
In the third quarter of 2006, we elected to begin this five-year tax holiday
as
of January 1, 2006. Beginning 2011, Anachip earnings will be subject to
statutory Taiwan income tax.
Diodes-China
is located in the Songjiang district, where the standard central government
tax
rate was 24.0% through 2007. However, as an incentive for establishing
Diodes-China, the earnings of Diodes-China were subject to a 0% tax rate by
the
central government from 1996 through 2000, and to a 12.0% tax rate from 2001
through 2007. In addition, due to a $15.0 million permanent re-investment of
Diodes-China earnings in 2004, Diodes-China has received additional preferential
tax treatment (earnings will be exempted from central government income tax
for
two years, and then subject
to tax rates in the range of 12.0% to 12.5% for the following three years)
on
earnings that are generated by this $15.0 million investment.
In
addition, the earnings of Diodes-China would ordinarily be subject to a standard
local government tax rate of 3.0%. However, as an incentive for establishing
Diodes-China, the local government waived this tax from 1996 through 2006.
Management expects this tax to be waived for 2007 as well; however, the local
government can re-impose this tax at its discretion at any time.
In
2004,
we established our second Shanghai-based manufacturing facility,
Diodes-Shanghai, located in the Songjiang Export Zone of Shanghai, China. In
the
Songjiang Export Zone, the central government standard tax rate is 15.0%, and
there is no local government tax. As an incentive for establishing
Diodes-Shanghai, the 2005 and 2006 earnings of Diodes-Shanghai were exempted
from central government income tax, and for the years 2007 through 2009 its
earnings will be subject to tax rates in the range of 7.5% to 10.0%.
The
recent China government income tax reform terminates some existing tax
incentives for foreign enterprises doing business in China. The central
government tax rate in China will increase to 25.0% beginning in 2008; however
we believe Diodes-China may qualify for a “high-technology” preferential tax
treatment that could reduce the tax rate to 15.0%. It is unclear to what extent
our China subsidiaries will continue to receive preferential tax
treatment.
We
file
income tax returns in the U.S. Federal jurisdiction and various state and
foreign jurisdictions. We are no longer subject to U.S. Federal income tax
examinations by tax authorities for tax years before 2004. With respect to
state
and local jurisdictions and countries outside of the U.S., with limited
exceptions, we are no longer subject to income tax audits for years before
2001.
Although the outcome of tax audits is always uncertain, we believe that adequate
amounts of tax, interest and penalties, if any, have been provided for in our
FIN48 reserve for any adjustments that may result from future tax audits. We
recognize accrued interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax
benefits in income tax expense.
We
adopted the provisions of FASB
interpretation (FIN) No. 48, "Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes"
(FIN48)
effective January 1, 2007. As a result of the implementation of FIN48, we
increased our liability for unrecognized tax benefits, primarily related to
our
foreign subsidiaries, by approximately $2.0 million during the first quarter
of
2007, which was accounted for as a reduction to the January 1, 2007 balance
of
retained earnings. Accordingly, as of January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2007,
approximately $3.2 million and $4.1 million, respectively, of unrecognized
tax
benefits, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate.
It
is
reasonably possible that the amount of the unrecognized benefit with respect
to
certain of our unrecognized tax positions will significantly increase or
decrease within the next 12 months. These changes may be the result of
settlement of ongoing audits or competent authority proceedings. At this time,
an estimate of the range of the reasonably possible outcomes cannot be
made.
CRITICAL
ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND
ESTIMATES
The
preparation of financial statements in accordance with Generally Accepted
Accounting Principles (GAAP)
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported
amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and
liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts
of
revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an on-going basis, we
evaluate our estimates, including those related to revenue recognition,
allowance for doubtful accounts, inventory reserves and income taxes, among
others. Our estimates are based upon historical experiences, market trends
and
financial forecasts and projections, and upon various other assumptions that
management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances and at that certain
point in time. Actual results may differ, significantly at times, from these
estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
We
believe the following critical accounting policies and estimates affect the
significant estimates and judgments we use in the preparation of our
consolidated financial statements, and may involve a higher degree of judgment
and complexity than others.
Revenue
recognition
We
recognize revenue when there is persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists,
when delivery has occurred, when our price to the buyer is fixed or determinable
and when collectibility of the receivable is reasonably assured. These elements
are met when title to the products is passed to the buyers, which is generally
when our product is shipped to our customers.
We
reduce
revenue in the period of sale for estimates of product returns, distributor
price adjustments and other allowances, the majority of which are related to
our
U.S. operations. Our reserve estimates are based upon historical data as well
as
projections of revenues, distributor inventories, price adjustments, average
selling prices and market conditions. Actual returns and adjustments could
be
significantly different from our estimates and provisions, resulting in an
adjustment to revenues.
Inventories
Inventories
are stated at the lower of cost or market value. Cost is determined principally
by the first-in, first-out method. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our
inventory, both finished goods and raw material, for obsolescence and
slow-moving items. This evaluation includes analysis of sales levels, sales
projections, and purchases by item, as well as raw material usage related to
our
manufacturing facilities. If
our
review indicates a reduction in utility below carrying value, we reduce our
inventory to a new cost basis. If
future
demand or market conditions are different than our current estimates, an
inventory adjustment may be required, and would be reflected in cost of goods
sold in the period the revision is made.
Accounting
for income taxes
As
part
of the process of preparing our consolidated financial statements, we are
required to estimate our income taxes in each of the tax jurisdictions in which
we operate. This process involves using an asset and liability approach whereby
deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded for differences in the
financial reporting bases and tax bases of our assets and liabilities.
Significant management judgment is required in determining our provision for
income taxes, deferred tax assets and liabilities. In
assessing the realizability of the deferred tax assets, the Company considered
whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred
tax
assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets
is
dependent upon the existence of, or generation of, taxable income during the
periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Based upon
the
available evidence, the Company does not believe it is more likely than not
that
all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. Accordingly, the Company
established a valuation allowance of approximately $5 million in 2007 to offset
foreign tax credits that are considered more likely than not to expire before
the Company is able to utilize the tax benefit. The Company considered the
scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities and projected future taxable
income in making this assessment. To the extent that the Company is unable
to
generate adequate taxable income, the Company may be required to increase the
valuation allowance.
Allowance
for doubtful accounts
Management
evaluates the collectability of our accounts receivable based upon a combination
of factors, including the current business environment and historical
experience. If we are aware of a customer’s inability to meet its financial
obligations to us, we record an allowance to reduce the receivable to the amount
we reasonably believe we will be able to collect from the customer. For all
other customers, we record an allowance based upon the amount of time the
receivables are past due. If actual accounts receivable collections differ
from
these estimates, an adjustment to the allowance may be necessary with a
resulting effect on operating expense.
Impairment
of goodwill and long-lived assets
As
of
December 31, 2007, goodwill was $25.1 million. We account for goodwill
in accordance with SFAS No. 142 (“Goodwill and Other Intangible
Assets”), for which goodwill is tested for impairment at least annually Our
impairment review process is based upon (i) an income approach from a
discounted cash flow analysis, which uses our estimates of revenues, costs
and
expenses, as well as market growth rates, and (ii) a market multiples
approach which measures the value of an asset through an analysis of recent
sales or offerings or comparable public entities. If ever the carrying value
of
the goodwill is determined to be less than the fair value of the reporting
unit
net assets, a write-down of the goodwill will be required, with the resulting
expense charged in the period that the impairment is determined. No impairment
of goodwill has been identified.
We
assess
the impairment of long-lived assets on an on-going basis and whenever events
or
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be
recoverable. We evaluate long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may
not
be recoverable in accordance with SFAS No. 144, "Accounting for the
Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets." We assess the recoverability
of
our long-lived and intangible assets by determining whether the unamortized
balances can be recovered through undiscounted future net cash flows of the
related assets. If such asset is considered to be impaired, the impairment
to be
recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset
exceeds its fair market value using a discounted cash flow
analysis.
Share-Based
Compensation
Prior
to
January 1, 2006, we accounted for the share-based payments under the
recognition and measurement provisions of Accounting Principles Board Opinion
No. 25, Accounting
for Stock Issued to Employees (“APB No. 25”),
and related Interpretations, as permitted by Financial Accounting Standards
Board Statement (“SFAS”) No. 123, Accounting
for Stock-Based Compensation (“SFAS No. 123”).
No stock-based compensation expense related to employee stock option awards
was
recognized in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended
December 31, 2005 as all options granted under our stock option plans had
an exercise price equal to the market value of the underlying common stock
on
the date of grant.
We
adopted SFAS No. 123R, (“Share-Based Payments”), using the modified
prospective method. No
modifications were made to any outstanding share-options prior to the adoption
of SFAS 123R. The adoption of SFAS 123R requires us to value stock options
prior
to our adoption of SFAS 123 under the fair value method and expense these
amounts over the stock options' remaining vesting period. This resulted in
an
expense of $6.5 million and $5.6 million in the years ended December 31, 2006
and 2007, respectively, which was recorded within cost of goods sold, general
and administrative expense, and research and development expense in our
condensed consolidated income statement. In addition, SFAS 123R requires us
to
reflect any tax savings resulting from tax deductions in excess of expense
reflected in our financial statements as a financing cash inflow in its
statement of cash flows rather than as an operating cash flow as in prior
periods. We have changed our primary award type from stock options to stock
awards as an improved method of reward and retention. In general, for new
grants, we also extended the vesting period from three years to four years,
and
reduced the number of shares subject to the award.
The
amount of compensation expense recognized using the fair value method requires
us to exercise judgment and make assumptions relating to the factors that
determine the fair value of our stock option grants. We use the
Black-Scholes-Merton model to estimate the fair value of our option grants.
The
fair value calculated by this model is a function of several factors, including
grant price, the risk-free interest rate, the estimated term of the option
and
the estimated future volatility of the option. The estimated term and estimated
future volatility of the options require our judgment. We have provided pro
forma disclosures in the notes to the consolidated financial statements of
our
net income and net income per share for the year ended December 31, 2005 as
if we used the fair value method under FAS 123.
We
have
approximately 1.0 million restricted stock grants outstanding as of December
31,
2007. Compensation expense is recognized for restricted stock grants over the
requisite service period based on the grant date fair value of the award. As
of
December 31, 2007, there was $12.9 million of total unrecognized compensation
cost related to non-vested restricted stock awards. This cost is expected to
be
recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.8 years. In addition to the
expense, the effects of the restricted stock grants are included in the diluted
shares outstanding calculation (see “Note 15 - Share-based
Compensation”).
Results
of Operations
The
following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the percentage that
certain items in the statement of income bear to net sales and the percentage
dollar increase (decrease) of such items from period to period.
|
|
Percent
of Net sales
|
|
|
|
Percentage
Dollar Increase (Decrease)
|
|
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
Year
Ended Decemeber 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
2005
|
|
2006
|
|
2007
|
|
03
to '04
|
|
04
to '05
|
|
05
to '06
|
|
06
to '07
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
sales
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
35.6
|
%
|
|
15.6
|
%
|
|
59.9
|
%
|
|
16.9
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost
of goods sold
|
|
|
(73.3
|
)
|
|
(67.3
|
)
|
|
(65.4
|
)
|
|
(66.8
|
)
|
|
(67.5
|
)
|
|
24.5
|
|
|
12.3
|
|
|
63.4
|
|
|
18.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross
profit
|
|
|
26.7
|
|
|
32.7
|
|
|
34.6
|
|
|
33.2
|
|
|
32.5
|
|
|
66.3
|
|
|
22.5
|
|
|
53.1
|
|
|
14.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
expenses
|
|
|
(16.6
|
)
|
|
(14.5
|
)
|
|
(15.8
|
)
|
|
(16.4
|
)
|
|
(17.4
|
)
|
|
18.8
|
|
|
25.8
|
|
|
66.4
|
|
|
24.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from operations
|
|
|
10.1
|
|
|
18.2
|
|
|
18.8
|
|
|
16.8
|
|
|
15.1
|
|
|
143.9
|
|
|
19.8
|
|
|
42.0
|
|
|
5.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
income (expense)
|
|
|
(0.6
|
)
|
|
(0.3
|
)
|
|
0.1
|
|
|
1.4
|
|
|
2.8
|
|
|
(25.9
|
)
|
|
(134.7
|
)
|
|
2096.8
|
|
|
132.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
income (expense)
|
|
|
(0.0
|
)
|
|
(0.2
|
)
|
|
0.2
|
|
|
(0.4
|
)
|
|
(0.1
|
)
|
|
(8260.0
|
)
|
|
197.1
|
|
|
398.5
|
|
|
81.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
before taxes and minority interest
|
|
|
9.5
|
|
|
17.6
|
|
|
19.1
|
|
|
17.8
|
|
|
17.8
|
|
|
152.0
|
|
|
25.6
|
|
|
48.7
|
|
|
16.9
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
tax benefit (provision)
|
|
|
(1.8
|
)
|
|
(3.5
|
)
|
|
(3.1
|
)
|
|
(3.4
|
)
|
|
(2.4
|
)
|
|
164.8
|
|
|
2.6
|
|
|
74.9
|
|
|
(19.3
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Minority
interest
|
|
|
(0.3
|
)
|
|
(0.4
|
)
|
|
(0.5
|
)
|
|
(0.4
|
)
|
|
(0.6
|
)
|
|
54.9
|
|
|
61.8
|
|
|
17.8
|
|
|
84.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income
|
|
|
7.4
|
|
|
13.8
|
|
|
15.5
|
|
|
14.0
|
|
|
14.9
|
|
|
153.1
|
|
|
30.4
|
|
|
44.4
|
|
|
23.9
|
|
The
following discussion explains in greater detail the consolidated financial
condition of the Company. This discussion should be read in conjunction with
the
consolidated financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere herein.
All per share amounts have been adjusted to reflect the three-for-two stock
splits in November 2003, December 2005, and July 2007.
Year
2007 Compared to Year 2006
|
2006
|
2007
|
Net
sales
|
$
343,308
|
$
401,159
|
Net
sales
for 2007 increased $57.9 million to $401.2 million from $343.3 million for
2006.
The 16.9% increase was due primarily to a 25.4% increase in units sold, offset
by a 6.8% decrease in average selling prices (ASP). The decrease in ASP was
due
to the price pressure on our product lines. The following table sets forth
the
geographic breakdown of our net sales for the periods indicated based on the
country to which the product is shipped:
|
|
Net
sales for the year
|
|
Percentage
of
|
|
|
|
ended
December 31
|
|
net
sales
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
2007
|
|
2006
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
China
|
|
$
|
118,303
|
|
$
|
156,183
|
|
|
34.5
|
%
|
|
38.9
|
%
|
Taiwan
|
|
|
96,401
|
|
$
|
102,562
|
|
|
28.1
|
%
|
|
25.6
|
%
|
United
States
|
|
|
76,357
|
|
$
|
81,408
|
|
|
22.2
|
%
|
|
20.3
|
%
|
All
Others
|
|
|
52,247
|
|
$
|
61,006
|
|
|
15.2
|
%
|
|
15.2
|
%
|
Total
|
|
$
|
343,308
|
|
$
|
401,159
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
2006
|
2007
|
Cost
of goods sold
|
$
229,416
|
$
270,780
|
Gross
profit
|
$
113,892
|
$
130,379
|
Gross
profit margin percentage
|
33.2%
|
32.5%
|
Cost
of
goods sold increased $41.4 million, or 18.0%, for 2007 compared to $229.4
million in 2006. As a percent of sales, cost of goods sold increased from 66.8%
for 2006 to 67.5% for 2007. Our average unit cost (AUP) for discrete devices
decreased approximately 2.4% from 2006, AUPs for analog products decreased
approximately 12.8%, and AUPs for wafer products decreased approximately 1.6%.
As
per
SFAS
123R, included in cost of goods sold for 2006 and 2007 were $0.5 million and
$0.3 million, respectively, of non-cash, stock option compensation expenses
related to our manufacturing facilities.
Gross
profit for 2007 increased 14.5% to $130.4 million from $113.9 million for 2006.
Gross margin as a percentage of net sales was 32.5% for 2007, compared to 33.2%
for 2006. The decreased gross margin was primarily due to product mix changes.
|
2006
|
2007
|
Selling,
general and administrative expenses
(“SG&A”)
|
$
47,945
|
$55,461
|
Selling,
general and administrative expenses for 2007 increased approximately
$7.5 million, or 15.7%, to $55.5 million, compared to $47.9 million in
2006, due primarily to (i) an approximately $1.6 million increase associated
with non-cash, share-based compensation expense related to options and share
grants, (ii) $4.2 million higher sales commissions, wages and marketing expenses
associated with the increased marketing and operating activities, and (iii)
$0.8
million increase in audit expenses associated with Sarbanes-Oxley Act
compliance. SG&A, as a percentage of net sales, was 13.8% in 2007, compared
to 14.0% in 2006.
|
2006
|
2007
|
Research
and development expenses (“R&D”)
|
$
8,317
|
$13,515
|
Research
and development expenses for 2007 increased $5.2 million to $13.5 million,
or
3.4% of net sales, from $8.3 million, or 2.4% of net sales, in 2006. R&D
expenses are primarily related to new product development at the silicon wafer
level and at the packaging level. We continue to seek to hire qualified
engineers who fit our focus on next-generation processes and packaging
technologies. Our current goal is to maintain R&D at 3 to 4% of revenue as
we continue to bring proprietary technology and advanced devices to the
market.
|
2006
|
2007
|
Restructuring
costs and impairment of long-lived assets
|
$
152
|
$
1,003
|
In
the
year ended December 31, 2007, we recorded approximately $1.1 million in
restructuring costs related to the consolidation of our analog wafer probe
and
final test operations from Hsinchu, Taiwan to our manufacturing facilities
in
Shanghai, China. The expense primarily consisted of approximately $0.8 million
in termination and severance costs and approximately $0.3 million in impairment
of fixed assets and others.
|
2006
|
2007
|
Interest
income
|
$
6,699
|
$
18,117
|
Interest
income for 2007 was $18.1 million, compared to $6.7 million in 2006, due
primarily to interest income earned on short-term investment securities
purchased with the proceeds from the $230 million convertible
bonds.
|
2006
|
2007
|
Interest
expense
|
$
1,844
|
$
6,831
|
Interest
expense for 2007 was $6.8 million, compared to $1.8 million in the same period
2006, due primarily to $4.1 million increase in interest expense related to
the
2.25% convertible bonds ($5.2 million in 2007, compared to $1.1 million in
2006), and to a lesser extent, $1.1 million increase in amortization related
convertible bonds issuance costs relating to the full year 2007 amortization
expense.
|
2006
|
2007
|
Other
loss
|
$
1,212
|
$
225
|
Other
loss for 2007 was $0.2 million, compared to $1.2 million in 2006. The $1.0
million decrease in other loss was due primarily to $1.1 million one time
adjustment for currency exchange losses in the third quarter of 2006 and $0.1
million decrease in currency exchange loss in 2007.
|
2006
|
2007
|
Income
tax provision
|
$
11,689
|
$
9,428
|
We
recognized income tax expense of $9.4 million for 2007, resulting in an
effective tax rate of 13.2%, as compared to 19.1% in 2006. Our lower effective
tax rate compared with the same period last year was the result of lower income
in the U.S and higher income in low-taxed foreign jurisdictions, as well as
a
decrease in the amount of estimated repatriation of earnings of our foreign
subsidiaries, partially offset by the increased income tax rate at one of our
China subsidiaries (Diodes-Shanghai is subject to a range of 7.5% to 10%
preferential tax rate from 2007 through 2009, compared to a 0% tax rate in
2006). For 2008, we anticipate our full-year effective tax rate to be in the
mid-teen range as we continue to take advantage of available strategies to
optimize our tax rate across the jurisdictions in which we operate.
|
2006
|
2007
|
Minority
interest
|
$
1,289
|
$
2,376
|
Minority
interest in joint venture earnings primarily represented the minority investor's
share of the earnings of our China and Tawian subsidiaries for the period.
The
joint venture investments were eliminated in the consolidations of our financial
statements, and the activities of Diodes-China, Diodes-Shanghai and
Diodes-Anachip were included therein. As of December 31, 2006 and 2007, we
had
95% controlling interests in Diodes-China and Diodes-Shanghai, and a 99.81%
controlling interest in Diodes-Anachip.
|
2006
|
2007
|
Net
income
|
$
48,143
|
$
59,657
|
Net
income increased 23.9% to $59.7 million (or $1.51 basic earnings per share
and $1.41 diluted earnings per share) for the twelve months ended
December 31, 2007, compared to $48.1 million (or $1.25 basic earnings per
share and $1.16 diluted earnings per share) for the same period in 2006, due
primarily to increased revenue, higher net interest income from short-term
investments and a lower effective tax rate.
Year
2006 Compared to Year 2005
|
2005
|
2006
|
Net
sales
|
$
214,765
|
$
343,308
|
Net
sales
for 2006 increased $128.5 million to $343.3 million from $214.8 million for
2005. The 59.9% increase was due primarily to a 42.6% increase in units sold
combined with a 12.1% increase in average selling prices (ASP). The increase
in
ASP was due to the product lines related to the Anachip and APD acquisitions.
The following table sets forth the geographic breakdown of our net sales for
the
periods indicated based on the country to which the product is
shipped:
|
|
Net
sales for the year
|
|
Percentage
of
|
|
|
|
ended
December 31
|
|
net
sales
|
|
|
|
2005
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
|
2006
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
China
|
|
$
|
68,050
|
|
$
|
118,303
|
|
|
31.7
|
%
|
|
34.5
|
%
|
Taiwan
|
|
|
59,838
|
|
|
96,401
|
|
|
27.9
|
%
|
|
28.1
|
%
|
United
States
|
|
|
54,981
|
|
|
76,357
|
|
|
25.6
|
%
|
|
22.2
|
%
|
All
Others
|
|
|
31,896
|
|
|
52,247
|
|
|
14.8
|
%
|
|
15.2
|
%
|
Total
|
|
$
|
214,765
|
|
$
|
343,308
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
2005
|
2006
|
Cost
of goods sold
|
$
140,388
|
$
229,416
|
Gross
profit
|
$
74,377
|
$
113,892
|
Gross
profit margin percentage
|
34.6%
|
33.2%
|
Cost
of
goods sold increased $89.0 million, or 63.4%, for 2006 compared to $140.4
million in 2005. As a percent of sales, cost of goods sold increased from 65.4%
for 2005 to 66.8% for 2006. Our average unit cost (AUP) for discrete devices
decreased approximately 4.4% from 2005, and AUPs for wafer products increased
approximately 6.0%. As
per
SFAS
123R, included in cost of goods sold for 2006 was $0.5 million of non-cash,
stock option compensation expense related to our manufacturing
facilities.
Gross
profit for 2006 increased 53.1% to $113.9 million from $74.4 million for 2005.
Gross margin as a percentage of net sales was at 33.2% for the year of 2006,
down from 34.6% for the year of 2005. The decreased gross margin was primarily
due to the lower margin product line related to the Anachip acquisition.
|
2005
|
2006
|
Selling,
general and administrative expenses
(“SG&A”)
|
$
30,285
|
$47,945
|
Selling,
general and administrative expenses for 2006 increased approximately
$17.7 million, or 58.3%, compared to $30.3 million in 2005, due primarily
to (i) an approximately $5.4 million increase associated with non-cash,
share-based compensation expense due to our adoption of SFAS 123R, (ii) higher
sales commissions, wages and marketing expenses associated with the acquisition
of Anachip, and (iii) audit and legal expenses associated with Sarbanes-Oxley
Act compliance. SG&A, as a percentage of net sales, was 14.0% in 2006,
compared to 14.1% in 2005. Included in SG&A for the year ended December 31,
2006 was an approximate $0.6 million one-time adjustment due to an overstatement
of restricted share grant expense recorded in 2005. For comparable purposes,
excluding the $5.4 million of share-based compensation related to options,
SG&A for the year ended December 31, 2006 would have improved to 12.4% of
total sales.
|
2005
|
2006
|
Research
and development expenses (“R&D”)
|
$
3,713
|
$8,317
|
Research
and development expenses in 2006 increased $4.6 million to $8.3 million, or
2.4%
of net sales from $3.7 million, or 1.7% of net sales, in 2005. R&D expenses
are primarily related to new product development at the silicon wafer level,
and, to a lesser extent, at the packaging level. We continue to seek to hire
qualified engineers who fit our focus on next-generation processes and packaging
technologies.
|
2005
|
2006
|
Interest
income
|
$
819
|
$
6,699
|
Interest
expense
|
$
598
|
$
1,844
|
Net
interest income for 2006 was $4.9 million compared to net interest income of
$0.2 million in 2005, due primarily to interest income earned on proceeds from
the offering of convertible notes, as well as to a reduction in our bank loans
from $10.7 million at December 31, 2005 to $8.5 million at December
31, 2006. Our interest income is generated from interest earned on our $48.9
million cash balances and $291.0 million short-term investments. Our interest
expense is primarily the $1.1 million interest payable for $230 million
convertible notes.
|
2005
|
2006
|
Other
(income) loss
|
$
(406)
|
$
1,212
|
Other
loss for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $1.2 million, compared to other
income $0.4 million for the same period of 2005.
Included
in other expense for the year ended December 31, 2006, was an approximate $1.1
million one-time, non-cash, prior periods adjustment due to the understatement
of intercompany currency exchange losses at our Taiwan subsidiary.
|
2005
|
2006
|
Income
tax provision
|
$
6,685
|
$
11,689
|
We
recognized income tax expense of $11.7 million for 2006, resulting in an
effective tax rate of 19.1%, as compared to $6.7 million or 16.3% for the same
period in 2005, due primarily to higher income in the U.S. at higher tax rates
and accrued dividend related taxes for our foreign
subsidiaries.
|
2005
|
2006
|
Minority
interest
|
$
1,094
|
$
1,289
|
Minority
interest in joint venture earnings primarily represented the minority investor's
share of the earnings of our China subsidiaries for the period. The joint
venture investments were eliminated in the consolidations of our financial
statements, and the activities of Diodes-China, Diodes-Shanghai and
Diodes-Anachip were included therein. As of December 31, 2005 and 2006, we
had
95% controlling interests in Diodes-China and Diodes-Shanghai, and a 99.81%
controlling interest in Diodes-Anachip.
|
2005
|
2006
|
Net
income
|
$
33,329
|
$
48,143
|
Net
income increased 44.4% to $48.1 million (or $1.25 basic earnings per share
and $1.16 diluted earnings per share) for the twelve months ended
December 31, 2006, compared to $33.3 million (or $0.96 basic earnings per
share and $0.86 diluted earnings per share) for the same period in 2005,
primarily as a result of an increase in net sales. For comparison purposes,
excluding $5.3 million net of tax stock option expenses, pro forma net income
was $53.4 million (or $1.39 basic earnings per share and $1.26 diluted earnings
per share) for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006, as compared to
$33.3 million (or $0.96 basic earnings per share and $0.86 diluted earnings
per share) for the same period in 2005.
Financial
Condition
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
Our
primary sources of liquidity are cash, funds from operations and borrowings
under our credit facilities. Our primary liquidity requirements have been to
meet our inventory and capital expenditure needs. For 2005, 2006 and 2007,
our
working capital was $146.7 million, $395.4 million, and $451.8 million,
respectively. We anticipate our working capital position will be sufficient
for
at least the next 12 months.
During
2005, we sold 4.8 million (split adjusted) shares of our Common Stock in a
follow-on public offering, raising approximately $72 million (net of commissions
and expenses). We used approximately $31 million of the net proceeds in
connection with the Anachip acquisition, and we intend to use the remaining
net
proceeds from this offering for working capital and other general corporate
purposes, including additional acquisitions.
On
October 12,.
2006, we
issued and sold convertible senior notes with an aggregate principal amount
of
$230 million due 2026 (“Notes”), which pay 2.25% interest per annum on the
principal amount of the Notes, payable semi-annually in arrears on April 1
and
October 1 of each year, beginning on April 1, 2007. We intend to use the net
proceeds for working capital and general corporate purposes, which may include
the acquisition of businesses, products, product rights or technologies,
strategic investments, or purchases of our own Common Stock.
In
connection with the issuance of the Notes, we incurred approximately $6.2
million of issuance costs, which primarily consisted of investment banker fees,
legal and accounting fees. These costs are classified within Other Assets and
are being amortized as a component of interest expense using the straight-line
method over the life of the Notes from issuance through October 12,
2011.
On
July
10, 2007, we declared a three-for-two stock split in the form of a 50% stock
dividend payable on July 30, 2007 to
stockholders of record on July 20, 2007. Under the terms of this stock dividend,
our stockholders received one additional share for every two shares held on
the
record date. The dividend was paid in authorized but unissued shares of Common
Stock. Fractional shares created by the stock dividend were paid in cash based
upon the closing price of our Common Stock on the record date. The par value
of
our stock is not affected by the dividend and remains at $0.66 2/3 per share.
The outstanding shares stated on the statement of stockholders’ equity, the
balance sheet and the consolidated condensed statement of income and disclosures
have been adjusted to reflect the effects of the stock split.
In
2005,
2006 and 2007, our capital expenditures were $24.7 million,
$45.1 million and $54.2 million, respectively. Our capital
expenditures for these periods were primarily related to manufacturing expansion
in our facilities in China and, to a lesser extent, our wafer fabrication
facility in the U.S., and an office building in Taiwan. The capital expenditures
for 2007 were approximately 13.5% of revenue.
As
of
December 31, 2007, we had $320.7 million invested primarily in auction rate
securities, which are classified as current, available-for-sale investments.
Although the maturities of the securities are over 10 years, management expects
to convert these securities into cash within one year and does not anticipate
holding the investments until maturity; therefore, the securities are classified
as short-term and included in short-term investments on our consolidated balance
sheets. The carrying values of available-for-sale securities approximates fair
value. These investments are primarily in municipal and student loan association
bonds that are fully collateralized by AAA rated bonds and/or insured against
loss of principal and interest by AAA rated bond insurers. None of these
investments are collateralized mortgage obligations or are any other type of
mortgage- or real estate-backed security.
Auction
rate securities are generally long-term debt instruments that provide liquidity
through a Dutch auction process that resets the applicable interest rate at
pre-determined calendar intervals. These mechanisms generally allow existing
investors to rollover their holdings and continue to own their respective
securities or liquidate their holdings by selling their securities at par value.
We
generally invest in these securities for short periods of time as part of our
cash management program. However, the recent uncertainties in the credit markets
have prevented us and other investors from liquidating holdings of auction
rate
securities in recent auctions occurring subsequent to December 31, 2007, because
the amount of securities submitted for sale has exceeded the amount of purchase
orders, resulting
in our continuing to hold these securities and the issuers paying interest
at
the maximum contractual rates which are higher than similar securities for
which
auctions have cleared. Based on current market conditions, it is likely
that auctions related to more of these securities will be unsuccessful in the
near term. Unsuccessful auctions could result in our
holding securities beyond their next scheduled auction reset dates if a
secondary market does not develop, thereby limiting the short-term liquidity
of
these investments.
Discussion
of cash flows
Cash
and
short-term investments have increased from $113.6 million at
December 31, 2005, to $339.9 million at December 31, 2006, to
$379.7 million at December 31, 2007. The increase from 2005 to 2006
was
primarily due to the proceeds from the $230 million convertible bond offering.
During 2007, we increased short-term investments to $323.5 million from $291.0
million in 2006 from the proceeds of the convertible bond offering (see Note
3).
Operating
activities
(Amounts
in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years
ended December 31,
|
|
2005
|
|
2006
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CASH
FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income
|
|
$
|
33,329
|
|
$
|
48,143
|
|
$
|
59,657
|
|
Adjustments
to reconcile net income to net cash
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
provided
by operating activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization
|
|
|
16,228
|
|
|
20,443
|
|
|
26,245
|
|
Minority interest earnings
|
|
|
1,094
|
|
|
1,289
|
|
|
2,377
|
|
Share-based compensation
|
|
|
1,814
|
|
|
8,272
|
|
|
9,864
|
|
Amortization
of acquired intangibles
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
360
|
|
|
836
|
|
Amortization
of convertible bond issuance costs
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
262
|
|
|
1,252
|
|
Loss (gain) on disposal of property, plant and equipment
|
|
|
(102
|
)
|
|
152
|
|
|
(16
|
)
|
Adjustment
of other comprehensive income
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
1,071
|
|
|
-
|
|
Changes in operating assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts
receivable
|
|
|
(11,037
|
)
|
|
(11,320
|
)
|
|
(11,874
|
)
|
Inventories
|
|
|
(2,373
|
)
|
|
(16,283
|
)
|
|
(4,662
|
)
|
Prepaid
expenses and other current assets
|
|
|
696
|
|
|
(2,792
|
)
|
|
(3,667
|
)
|
Deferred
income taxes
|
|
|
(3,482
|
)
|
|
929
|
|
|
1,664
|
|
Changes in operating liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts
payable
|
|
|
5,330
|
|
|
14,534
|
|
|
2,996
|
|
Accrued
liabilities
|
|
|
2,770
|
|
|
4,957
|
|
|
4,608
|
|
Other
liabilities
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
101
|
|
|
3,192
|
|
Income
taxes payable
|
|
|
3,390
|
|
|
1,963
|
|
|
(1,701
|
)
|
Net
cash provided by operating activities
|
|
|
47,657
|
|
|
72,081
|
|
|
90,771
|
|
Net
cash
provided by operating activities during 2007 was $90.8 million, resulting
primarily from $59.7 million of net income in this period. Net cash
provided by operating activities was $72.1 million for 2006 and
$47.7 million for 2005.
Net
cash
provided by operations increased by $18.7 million from 2006 to 2007. This
increase resulted primarily from a $11.5 million increase in our net income
(from $48.1 million in 2005 to $59.7 million in 2006), $1.6
million increase in non-cash, share-based compensation expense, and $7.3 million
increase in depreciation and amortization expense, partially
offset by $1.5 million changes in net working capital. We continue to closely
monitor our credit terms with our customers, while at times providing extended
terms, primarily required by our customers in Asia and Europe.
Net
cash
provided by operations increased by $24.4 million from 2005 to 2006. This
increase resulted primarily from a $14.8 million increase in our net income
(from $33.3 million in 2005 to $48.1 million in 2006), $6.5
million increase in non-cash, share-based compensation expense, and $4.8 million
increase in depreciation and amortization expense, partially
offset by increases in inventories, resulting from slower inventory turns,
and
increases in accounts receivable and prepaid expenses and other assets. We
continue to closely monitor our credit terms with our customers, while at times
providing extended terms, primarily required by our customers in Asia and
Europe.
Investing
activities
(Amounts
in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years
ended December 31,
|
|
2005
|
|
2006
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CASH
FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchases
of property, plant and equipment
|
|
|
(19,583
|
)
|
|
(45,656
|
)
|
|
(56,101
|
)
|
Purchases
of short-term investments
|
|
|
(40,348
|
)
|
|
(250,660
|
)
|
|
(32,464
|
)
|
Acquisitions,
net of cash acquired
|
|
|
(5,872
|
)
|
|
(29,433
|
)
|
|
-
|
|
Proceeds
from sales of property, plant and equipment
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
54
|
|
|
202
|
|
Net
cash used by investing activities
|
|
|
(65,803
|
)
|
|
(325,695
|
)
|
|
(88,363
|
)
|
Net
cash
used by investing activities for 2007 was $88.4 million resulting from
capital expenditures of $56.1 million, and $32.5 million increase in short-term
investments of municipal bonds.
Net
cash
used by investing activities for 2006 was $325.7 million resulting from
capital expenditures of $45.7 million, including the $6 million office building
purchase in Taiwan, $250.7 million short-term investments of municipal bonds
and
$29.4 million used for acquisitions including the final acquisition payment
for
Anachip of $21.0 million (net of cash acquired) and the $8.4 million APD
acquisition payment.
Financing
activities
(Amounts
in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years
ended December 31,
|
|
2005
|
|
2006
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CASH
FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Repayments
on line of credit
|
|
|
(3,167
|
)
|
|
(5,758
|
)
|
|
-
|
|
Net
proceeds from the issuance of common stock
|
|
|
76,367
|
|
|
4,327
|
|
|
7,573
|
|
Excess
tax benefits
|
|
|
2,898
|
|
|
6,655
|
|
|
-
|
|
Management
incentive reimbursement from LSC
|
|
|
375
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
Proceeds
from long-term debt
|
|
|
5,890
|
|
|
228,569
|
|
|
-
|
|
Repayments
of long-term debt
|
|
|
(7,750
|
)
|
|
(4,666
|
)
|
|
(2,758
|
)
|
Minority
shareholder investment in subsidiary
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
Repayments
of capital lease obligations
|
|
|
(136
|
)
|
|
(138
|
)
|
|
(141
|
)
|
Dividend
to minority shareholder
|
|
|
(750
|
)
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
Net
cash provided by financing activities
|
|
|
73,727
|
|
|
228,989
|
|
|
4,674
|
|
Net
cash
provided by financing activities for 2007 was $4.7 million, resulting
primarily from $7.6 million from stock option exercises in 2007 and repayments
of long-term debt and offset by $2.8 million in repayments of long-term
debt.
Net
cash
provided by financing activities for 2006 was $229.0 million, resulting
primarily from $224.0 million in net proceeds from the offering of convertible
notes and $4.8 million loan proceeds in Taiwan secured by land and building,
offset by $10.4 million debt repayment. In addition, we received $4.3
million from stock option exercises in 2006 and $6.7 million in excess tax
benefits related to stock option exercise.
Net
cash
provided by financing activities for 2005 was $73.7 million, resulting
primarily from $71.7 million in net proceeds from the offering of equity
securities, offset by $10.9 million in debt repayment. In addition, we
received $4.2 million from stock option exercises in 2005 and $2.9 million
in
excess tax benefits related to stock option exercise.
Debt
instruments
On
October 12, 2006, we issued and sold convertible senior Notes with an aggregate
principal amount of $230 million due 2026, which pay 2.25% interest per annum
on
the principal amount of the Notes, payable semi-annually in arrears on April
1
and October 1 of each year, beginning on April 1, 2007. Interest will accrue
on
the Notes from and including October 12, 2006 or from and including the last
date in respect of which interest has been paid or provided for, as the case
may
be, to, but excluding, the next interest payment date or maturity date, as
the
case may be. Commencing with the six-month period beginning October 1, 2011,
and
for each six-month period thereafter, we will, on the interest payment date
for
such interest period, pay contingent interest to the holders of the Notes under
certain circumstances and in amounts described in the indenture. For U.S.
Federal income tax purposes, we will treat, and each holder of the Notes will
agree under the indenture to treat, the Notes as contingent payment debt
instruments governed by special tax rules and to be bound by our application
of
those rules to the Notes.
Under
our
U.S. credit arrangements with Union Bank of California, N.A. (Union Bank),
we now have available a revolving credit commitment of up to $20.0 million,
including a $5.0 million letter of credit sub-facility. In addition, one of
our subsidiaries, Diodes-FabTech, has a term note in the principal amount of
$5.0 million.
The
revolving credit commitment expires on August 29, 2008. The Diodes-FabTech
term loan, which amortizes monthly, matures on August 29, 2010. As of
December 31, 2007, we had no amounts outstanding under our revolving credit
facility, and $2.7 million was outstanding under the Diodes-FabTech term
loan. Loans to us under our credit facility are guaranteed by Diodes-FabTech,
and in turn, the Diodes-FabTech term loan is guaranteed by us. The purpose
of
the revolving credit facility is to provide cash for domestic working capital
purposes,
and to
fund permitted acquisitions.
All
loans
under the credit facility and the Diodes-FabTech term loan are collateralized
by
all of our U.S. accounts, instruments, chattel paper, documents, general
intangibles, inventory, equipment, furniture and fixtures, pursuant to security
agreements entered into by us in connection with these credit
arrangements.
Any
amounts borrowed under the revolving credit facility and the Diodes-FabTech
term
loan bear interest at LIBOR plus 1.15%. At December 31, 2007, the effective
rate under both the credit agreement and the Diodes-FabTech term loan was LIBOR
plus 1.15%, or approximately 6.0%.
The
credit agreement contains covenants that require us to maintain a leverage
ratio
not greater than 3.25 to 1.0, an interest expense coverage ratio of not less
than 2.0 to 1 and a current ratio of not less than 1.0 to 1. It also requires
us
to achieve a net profit before taxes, as of the last day of each fiscal quarter,
for the two consecutive fiscal quarters ending on that date of not less than
$1.
The credit agreement permits us to pay dividends to our stockholders to the
extent that any such dividends declared or paid in any fiscal year do not exceed
an amount equal to 50% of our net profit after taxes for such fiscal year.
However, it limits our ability to dispose of assets, incur additional
indebtedness, engage in liquidation or merger, acquisition, partnership or
other
combination (except permitted acquisitions). The credit agreement also contains
customary representations, warranties, affirmative and negative covenants and
events of default. As of December 31, 2007, we were in compliance with the
bank
covenants.
The
agreements governing the FabTech term loan do not contain any financial or
negative covenants. However, they provide that a default under our credit
agreement will cause a cross-default under the FabTech term loan.
As
of
December 31, 2005, FabTech had paid down $3.75 million, to pay in full
a note in favor of LSC, which debt was incurred in connection with our
acquisition of FabTech from LSC in 2000. This note matured on June 30, 2006
and amortized monthly. The obligations under this note were subordinated to
the
obligations under our U.S. credit agreement with Union Bank.
As
of
December 31, 2007, our Asia subsidiaries have available lines of credit of
up to
an aggregate of $38.1 million with
a
number of Chinese and Taiwanese financial institutions. These lines of credit,
except for one Taiwanese credit facility, are collateralized by its premises,
are unsecured, uncommitted and, in some instances, may be repayable on demand.
Loans under these lines of credit bear interest at LIBOR or similar indices
plus
a specified margin.
As
of
December 31, 2007, Diodes-Taiwan owed $4.5 million under a term loan agreement
with a commercial back in Taiwan, secured by land and building. At
December 31, 2007, the effective rate was approximately 3.7%.
Off-Balance
Sheet Arrangements
We
do not
have any transactions, arrangements and other relationships with unconsolidated
entities that will affect our liquidity or capital resources. We have no special
purpose entities that provided off-balance sheet financing, liquidity or market
or credit risk support, nor do we engage in leasing, hedging or research and
development services, that could expose us to liability that is not reflected
on
the face of our financial statements.
Contractual
Obligations
The
following table represents our contractual obligations as of December 31,
2007:
Contractual
Obligations
|
Payments
due by period (in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less
than
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More
than
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
1
year
|
|
|
1-3
years
|
|
|
3-5
years
|
|
|
5
years
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term
debt
|
|
$
|
237,160
|
|
$
|
1,345
|
|
$
|
2,353
|
|
$
|
732
|
|
$
|
232,730
|
|
Capital
leases
|
|
|
1,477
|
|
|
145
|
|
|
290
|
|
|
290
|
|
|
752
|
|
Operating
leases
|
|
|
14,981
|
|
|
4,512
|
|
|
5,186
|
|
|
3791
|
|
|
1492
|
|
Purchase
obligations
|
|
|
1,771
|
|
|
1771
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
0
|
|
Total
obligations
|
|
$
|
255,389
|
|
$
|
7,773
|
|
$
|
7,829
|
|
$
|
4,813
|
|
$
|
234,974
|
|
The
$230
million convertible Notes, classified as long-term debt, are redeemable
beginning in 2011 (see Note 8).
Recently
Issued Accounting Pronouncements and Proposed Accounting
Changes
In
December 2007, the
Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued
SFAS No. 141R, “Business Combinations,” which changes how business
acquisitions are accounted. SFAS No. 141R requires the acquiring
entity in a business combination to recognize all (and only) the assets acquired
and liabilities assumed in the transaction and establishes the acquisition-date
fair value as the measurement objective for all assets acquired and liabilities
assumed in a business combination. Among the more significant changes in
the accounting for acquisitions are the following: i) Transaction costs will
generally be expensed. Certain such costs are presently treated as costs of
the
acquisition; ii) In-process research and development (“IPR&D”)
will be
accounted for as an asset, with the cost recognized as the research and
development is realized or abandoned. IPR&D is presently expensed at the
time of the acquisition; iii) Contingencies, including contingent consideration,
will generally be recorded at fair value with subsequent adjustments recognized
in operations. Contingent consideration is presently accounted for as an
adjustment of purchase price; and iv) Decreases in valuation allowances on
acquired deferred tax assets will be recognized in operations. Such changes
previously were considered to be subsequent changes in consideration and were
recorded as adjustments to goodwill. SFAS No. 141R is effective for
business combinations and adjustments to an acquired entity’s deferred tax asset
and liability balances occurring after December 31, 2008. The Company
is currently evaluating the future impacts and disclosures of this
standard.
In
December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests
in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB No. 51,” which
establishes new standards governing the accounting for and reporting of
noncontrolling interests (NCIs) in partially owned consolidated subsidiaries
and
the loss of control of subsidiaries. Certain provisions of this standard
indicate, among other things, that NCIs (previously referred to as minority
interests) be treated as a separate component of equity, not as a liability;
that increases and decrease in the parent’s ownership interest, that leave
control intact, be treated as equity transactions, rather than as step
acquisitions or dilution gains or losses; and that losses of a partially owned
consolidated subsidiary be allocated to the NCI even when such allocation might
result in a deficit balance. This standard also requires changes to certain
presentation and disclosure requirements. SFAS No. 160 is effective
beginning January 1, 2009. The provisions of the standard are to be applied
to all NCIs prospectively, except for the presentation and disclosure
requirements, which are to be applied retrospectively to all periods presented.
After adoption, noncontrolling interests ($4.8 million and $7.2 million at
December 31, 2006 and 2007, respectively) will be classified as shareowners’
equity, a change from its current classification between liabilities and
shareowners’ equity. The Company is currently evaluating the future impacts and
disclosures of this standard.
In
December 2007, the FASB ratified the EITF consensus on EITF Issue
No. 07-1, “Accounting for Collaborative Arrangements” that discusses how
parties to a collaborative arrangement (which does not establish a legal entity
within such arrangement) should account for various activities. The consensus
indicates that costs incurred and revenues generated from transactions with
third parties (i.e. parties outside of the collaborative arrangement) should
be
reported by the collaborators on the respective line items in their income
statements pursuant to EITF Issue No. 99-19, “Reporting Revenue Gross as a
Principal Versus Net as an Agent.” Additionally, the consensus provides
that income statement characterization of payments between the participants
in a
collaborative arrangement should be based upon existing authoritative
pronouncements; analogy to such pronouncements if not within their scope; or
a
reasonable, rational, and consistently applied accounting policy election.
EITF
Issue No. 07-1 is effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2009
and is to be applied retrospectively to all periods presented for collaborative
arrangements existing as of the date of adoption. The Company is currently
evaluating the impacts and disclosures of this standard.
In
June 2007, the FASB’s EITF reached a consensus on EITF Issue No. 07-3,
“Accounting for Nonrefundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services to Be Used
in Future Research and Development Activities” that would require nonrefundable
advance payments made by the Company for future R&D activities to be
capitalized and recognized as an expense as the goods or services are received
by the Company. EITF Issue No. 07-3 is effective for the Company with
respect to new arrangements entered into beginning January 1, 2008. The
Company is currently evaluating the impacts and disclosures of this
standard.
In
February 2007, FASB issued FAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities - Including an amendment of FASB
Statement No. 115” (“FAS 159”). This Statement permits entities to choose
to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value
and
report unrealized gains and losses on these instruments in earnings. FAS 159
is
effective as of January 1, 2008. At
the
effective date, an entity may elect the fair value option for eligible items
that exist at that date. The entity shall report the effect of the first
re-measurement to fair value as a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening
balance of retained earnings. The Company has not elected the fair value option
for eligible items that existed as of January 1, 2008.
In
September 2006, FASB issued SFAS 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“FAS 157”).
SFAS 157 clarifies the principle that fair value should be based on the
assumptions market participants would use when pricing an asset or liability
and
establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the information used to
develop those assumptions. Under the standard, fair value measurements would
be
separately disclosed by level within the fair value hierarchy. FAS 157 is
effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after
November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early
adoption permitted. We
have
not yet determined the effect, if any, that the implementation of FAS 157 will
have on our results of operations or financial condition.
Item
7A. Quantitative
and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Foreign
Currency Risk.
We face
exposure to adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates, primarily
in
Asia. Our foreign currency risk may change over time as the level of activity
in
foreign markets grows and could have an adverse impact upon our financial
results. Certain of our assets, including certain bank accounts and accounts
receivable, and liabilities exist in non-U.S. dollar denominated
currencies, which are sensitive to foreign currency exchange fluctuations.
These
currencies are principally the Chinese Yuan and the Taiwanese dollar and, to
a
lesser extent, the Japanese Yen, the Euro and the Hong Kong dollar. Because
of
the relatively small size and nature of each individual currency exposure,
we do
not regularly employ hedging techniques designed to mitigate foreign currency
exposures. If the Chinese Yuan and the Taiwanese dollar were to strengthen
or
weaken by 1.0% against the U.S. dollar, we would experience currency loss
of approximately $0.1 million and currency gain of approximately $0.1 million,
respectively. In the future, we may enter into hedging arrangements designed
to
mitigate foreign currency fluctuations.
The
Chinese government has begun to permit the Chinese Yuan to float more freely
compared to other world currencies. Should the Chinese government allow a
significant Chinese Yuan appreciation, and we do not take appropriate means
to
offset this exposure, the effect could have an adverse impact upon our financial
results.
Interest
Rate Risk. We
have
credit facilities with U.S. and Asian financial institutions as well as other
debt instruments with interest rates equal to LIBOR or similar indices plus
a
negotiated margin. A rise in interest rates could have an adverse impact upon
our cost of working capital and our interest expense. As a matter of policy,
we
do not enter into derivative transactions for trading or speculative purposes.
As of December 31, 2007, our outstanding debt under our interest-bearing
credit agreements was $237.2 million, including $230 million convertible
notes with a fixed interest rate of 2.25%. Based on an increase or decrease
in
interest rates by 1.0% for the year, our annual interest rate expense would
increase or decrease by approximately $0.1 million.
Political
Risk.
We have
a significant portion of our assets in mainland China and Taiwan. The
possibility of political conflict between the two countries or with the U.S.
could have an adverse impact upon our ability to transact business through
these
important business segments and to generate profits. See “Risk Factors - Foreign
Operations.”
Liquidity
Risk.
As of
December 31, 2007, we had $320.7 million invested primarily in auction rate
securities, which are classified as current, available-for-sale investments.
Although the maturities of the securities are over 10 years, management expects
to convert these securities into cash within one year and does not anticipate
holding the investments until maturity; therefore within one year and does
not
anticipate holding the investments until maturity; therefore, the securities
are
classified as short-term and included in short-term investments on our
consolidated balance sheets. The carrying values of available-for-sale
securities approximates fair value. These investments are primarily in municipal
and student loan association bonds that are fully collateralized by AAA rated
bonds and/or insured against loss of principal and interest by AAA rated bond
insurers. None of these investments are collateralized mortgage obligations
or
are any other type of mortgage- or real estate-backed security.
Auction
rate securities are generally long-term debt instruments that provide liquidity
through a Dutch auction process that resets the applicable interest rate at
pre-determined calendar intervals. These mechanisms generally allow existing
investors to rollover their holdings and continue to own their respective
securities or liquidate their holdings by selling their securities at par value.
We
generally invest in these securities for short periods of time as part of our
cash management program. However, the recent uncertainties in the credit markets
have prevented us and other investors from liquidating holdings of auction
rate
securities in recent auctions occurring subsequent to December 31, 2007, because
the amount of securities submitted for sale has exceeded the amount of purchase
orders, resulting
in our continuing to hold these securities and the issuers paying interest
at
the maximum contractual rates which are higher than similar securities for
which
auctions have cleared. Based on current market conditions, it is likely
that auctions related to more of these securities will be unsuccessful in the
near term. Unsuccessful auctions could result in our
holding securities beyond their next scheduled auction reset dates if a
secondary market does not develop, thereby limiting the short-term liquidity
of
these investments.
Inflation
Risk.
Inflation
did not have a material effect on net sales or net income in fiscal years 2005
through 2007. A significant increase in inflation could affect future
performance.
Item
8. Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data
See
“Item
15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules” for the Company’s Consolidated
Financial Statements and the notes and schedules thereto filed as part of this
Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item
9. Changes
In and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial
Disclosure
Not
Applicable.
Item
9A. Controls
and Procedures
Disclosure
Controls and Procedures
The
Company's Chief Executive Officer, Dr. Keh-Shew Lu, and Chief Financial Officer,
Carl C. Wertz, with the participation of the Company's management, carried
out
an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company's disclosure controls and
procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e). Based upon that evaluation,
the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer believe that, as
of
the end of the period covered by this report, the Company's disclosure controls
and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance that material
information relating to the Company (including its consolidated subsidiaries)
required to be included in this report is made known to them.
Disclosure
controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and implemented, can
provide only reasonable assurance of achieving an entity's disclosure
objectives. The likelihood of achieving such objectives is affected by
limitations inherent in disclosure controls and procedures. These include the
fact that human judgment in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns
in
internal control can occur because of human failures such as simple errors,
mistakes or intentional circumvention of the established processes.
Management’s
Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management
is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over
financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is a process
designed by, or under the supervision of, the Company's Chief Executive Officer
and the Chief Financial Officer and implemented by the Company's Board of
Directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance
regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of
financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles in the United States of America.
The
Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and
procedures that: (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable
detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of
the
assets of the Company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are
recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States
of
America, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only
in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company;
and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection
of
unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company's assets that could
have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because
of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may
not
prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of
effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance
with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Under
the
supervision and with the participation from management, including our Chief
Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation
of
the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on
the
framework and criteria established in Internal
Control - Integrated Framework
issued
by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
This evaluation included review of the documentation of controls, testing of
operating effectiveness of controls and a conclusion on this evaluation. Based
on this evaluation, management concluded that the Company’s internal control
over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2007. Moss Adams
LLP,
an independent registered public accounting firm, has audited and reported
on
the consolidated financial statements of Diodes Incorporated and on the
effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting. The reports
of
Moss Adams LLP are contained in this Annual Report.
Changes
in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There
was
no change in our internal control over financial reporting, known to the Chief
Executive Officer or the Chief Financial Officer, that occurred during the
last
fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to
materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial
reporting.
Item
9B. Other
Information
None.
PART
III
Item
10. Directors,
Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
The
information concerning the directors, executive officers and corporate
governance of the Company is incorporated herein by reference from the section
entitled "Proposal One - Election of Directors" contained in the definitive
proxy statement of the Company to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A within
120
days after the Company's fiscal year end of December 31, 2007, for its annual
stockholders' meeting for 2008 (the "Proxy Statement").
We
have
adopted a code of ethics that applies to our Chief Executive Officer and senior
financial officers. The code of ethics has been posted on our website under
the
Corporate Governance portion of the Investor Relations section at
www.diodes.com. We intend to satisfy disclosure requirements regarding
amendments to, or waivers from, any provisions of our code of ethics on our
website.
Item
11. Executive
Compensation
The
information concerning executive compensation is incorporated herein by
reference from the section entitled “Proposal One - Election of Directors”
contained in the Proxy Statement.
Item
12. Security Ownership
of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder
Matters
The
information concerning the security ownership of certain beneficial owners
and
management and related stockholder matters is incorporated herein by reference
from the section entitled “General Information - Security Ownership of Certain
Beneficial Owners and Management” and “Proposal One - Election of Directors”
contained in the Proxy Statement.
Item
13. Certain
Relationships, Related Transactions and Director
Independence
The
information concerning certain relationships, related transactions and director
independence is incorporated herein by reference from the section entitled
“Proposal One - Election of Directors - Certain Relationships, Related
Transactions and Director Independence” and “Proposal One - Elections of
Directors” contained in the Proxy Statement.
Item
14. Principal
Accountant Fees and Services
The
information concerning the Company’s principal accountant’s fees and services is
incorporated herein by reference from the section entitled “Ratification of the
Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” in the Proxy
Statement.
PART
IV
Item
15.
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|
Exhibits
and Financial Statement Schedules
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
(a)
|
Financial
Statements and Schedules
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
Financial statements:
|
Page
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|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
|
51
|
|
|
|
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|
Consolidated
Balance Sheet at December 31, 2006 and 2007
|
52
to 53
|
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|
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|
Consolidated
Statement of Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2005, 2006, and
2007
|
54
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|
Consolidated
Statement of Stockholders' Equity for the Years Ended December 31,
2005, 2006, and 2007
|
55
|
|
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|
Consolidated
Statement of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2005,
2006, and
2007
|
56
to 57
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|
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|
|
Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
58
to 87
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(2)
Schedules:
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None
|
|
|
Schedules
not listed above have been omitted because the information required
to be
set forth therein is not applicable or is shown in the financial
statements and note thereto. |
|
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|
(b)
|
Exhibits
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The
exhibits listed on the Index to Exhibits at page 89 are filed as
exhibits
or incorporated by reference to this Annual Report on Form
10-K.
|
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(c)
|
Financial
Statements of Unconsolidated Subsidiaries and
Affiliates
|
|
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|
Not
Applicable.
|
|
REPORT
OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The
Board
of Directors and Stockholders
Diodes
Incorporated and Subsidiaries
We
have
audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Diodes Incorporated
and
Subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2006 and 2007 and the related
consolidated statements of income, stockholders' equity and cash flows for
each
of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007. We also have
audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December
31, 2007, based on criteria established in Internal
Control - Integrated Framework
issued
by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
The
Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements,
for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and
for its
assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting,
and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial
reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control
Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on
these
consolidated financial statements and an opinion on the Company's internal
control over financial reporting based on our audits.
We
conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that
we plan
and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the
consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether
effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all
material respects. Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included
examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures
in
the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and
significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial
statement presentation. Ou