Form 10-K
Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-K

(Mark One)

x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended January 28, 2012

or

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from              to             

Commission file number 0-30877

Marvell Technology Group Ltd.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Bermuda   77-0481679
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

Canon’s Court, 22 Victoria Street, Hamilton HM 12, Bermuda

(Address of principal executive offices)

(441) 296-6395

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of Each Class

 

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common shares, $0.002 par value per share

  The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

 

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer  x        Accelerated filer  ¨        Non-accelerated filer  ¨    Smaller reporting company  ¨    
      (Do not check if a smaller
reporting company)
  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

The aggregate market value of the registrant’s common shares held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $5,617 million based upon the closing price of $14.82 per share on the NASDAQ Global Select Market on July 29, 2011 (the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second quarter). Common shares held by each director and executive officer of the registrant, as well as shares held by each holder of more than 5% of the common shares known to the registrant (based on Schedule 13G filings), have been excluded for purposes of the foregoing calculation.

As of March 16, 2012, there were 580.6 million common shares of the registrant outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of Part III of this Form 10-K are incorporated by reference from the registrant’s definitive proxy statement for its 2012 annual general meeting of shareholders, which proxy statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this Form 10-K.

TRADEMARKS

Marvell®, Prestera®, Link Street®, Alaska®, Kirkwood®, Yukon® and Armada® are registered trademarks of Marvell International Ltd. and/or its affiliates. DragonFly, Avanta and Avastar are trademarks of Marvell International Ltd. and/or its affiliates. Any other trademarks or trade names mentioned are the property of their respective owners.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

         Page  
PART I   
Item 1.  

Business

     4   
Item 1A.  

Risk Factors

     17   
Item 1B.  

Unresolved Staff Comments

     33   
Item 2.  

Properties

     34   
Item 3.  

Legal Proceedings

     34   
Item 4.  

Mine Safety Disclosures

     34   
PART II   
Item 5.  

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

     35   
Item 6.  

Selected Financial Data

     38   
Item 7.  

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

     39   
Item 7A.  

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

     53   
Item 8.  

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

     56   
Item 9.  

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

     97   
Item 9A.  

Controls and Procedures

     98   
Item 9B.  

Other Information

     99   
PART III   
Item 10.  

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

     100   
Item 11.  

Executive Compensation

     100   
Item 12.  

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

     100   
Item 13.  

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

     101   
Item 14.  

Principal Accounting Fees and Services

     102   
PART IV   
Item 15.  

Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

     103   

Signatures

     107   

 

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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD.

Forward-Looking Statements

The statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K that are not purely historical are forward-looking statements and include statements regarding our expectations, beliefs, intentions or strategies regarding the future. Words such as “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “can,” and similar expressions identify such forward-looking statements. These are statements that relate to future periods and include, without limitation, statements relating to such matters as: our anticipation that the rate of new orders and shipments will vary significantly from quarter to quarter; our expectation regarding industry trends, including statements regarding the hard disk drive (“HDD”) industry, the TD handset market in China and seasonal trends in the gaming industry; our expectation that a significant percentage of our sales will continue to come from direct sales to key customers; our expectations that quarterly operating results will fluctuate from quarter to quarter; our expectation regarding the current economic environment; our expectations regarding future growth based on market acceptance of our products, costs of securing access to adequate manufacturing capacity, the timing and extent of research and development projects, costs of making improvements to facilities, operating expenses and shipments of certain products; the potential opportunities for a new generation of integrated circuit solutions in response to growing demand for products in the semiconductor industry; our expectations regarding our facilities and the sufficiency of our facilities; the anticipated features and benefits of our technology solutions; our ability to execute our strategy and components of our strategy; our plan to strengthen and expand our relationship with customers using a variety of processes; our ability to anticipate the needs of our customers; our expectations that average selling prices of our products will continue to be subject to significant pricing pressures; our ability to transition our semiconductor products to increasingly smaller line width geometries; our expectations regarding competition and our ability to compete successfully in the markets for our products; our ability to reduce our customers’ overall system costs; our plan to attract new customers and retain existing customers by the introduction of new products; our continued efforts relating to the protection of our intellectual property, including claims of patent infringement; our expectations regarding the amount of customer concentration in the future; our expectations regarding the portion of our operations and sales outside of the United States, including the amount of our future sales in Asia; our expectations regarding our investment in research and development; our expected results, cash flows and expenses, including those related to sales and marketing, research and development and general and administrative; our expectations regarding acquisitions and investments; our expectations regarding net revenue, sources of revenue and make-up of revenue; our expectation regarding gross margin and events that may cause gross margin to fluctuate; our expectations regarding litigation and the impact of legal proceedings and claims; our expectations regarding the adequacy of our capital resources to meet our capital needs; our expectations regarding the growth in business and operations; our expectations regarding future impairment review of our goodwill and intangible assets; our ability to attract and retain highly skilled employees; our expectations regarding the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting; our plans regarding forward exchange contracts and the effect of foreign exchange rates; our expectations regarding arrangements with suppliers; our expectations regarding the demand for our products; our expectations regarding the implementation and improvement of operational and financial systems, as well as the implementation of additional procedures and other internal management systems; our expectations regarding the effect of recent accounting pronouncements and changes in taxation rules; our expectations regarding alternative information storage technologies; our expectations regarding defects in our products; and our expectations regarding our share repurchase program and the tax benefits we receive. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those predicted, include but are not limited to: the impact of international conflict and continued economic volatility in either domestic or foreign markets; our dependence upon the HDD industry which is highly cyclical; the impact of significant competition in the mobile and wireless communications markets; our dependence on a smaller number of customers; our ability to scale our operations in response to changes in demand for existing or new products and services; our maintenance of an effective system of internal control over financial reporting; our ability to develop new and

 

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enhanced products; the impact of our complex products on market acceptance of our new products; our reputation with current or prospective customers; defects in our products; our success in integrating businesses we acquire and the impact such acquisitions may have on our operating results; our ability to estimate customer demand accurately; the success of our strategic relationships with customers; our reliance on independent foundries and subcontractors for the manufacture, assembly and testing of our products; our ability to manage future growth; the development and evolution of markets for our integrated circuits; our ability to protect our intellectual property; the impact of any change in our application of the U.S. federal income tax laws and/or foreign tax laws and the loss of any beneficial tax treatment that we currently enjoy; the impact of changes in international financial and regulatory conditions; the impact of changes in management; the impact of natural disasters on our business; our ability to obtain and renew licenses from third parties; the impact of the crisis in the global financial markets; our ability to raise funds; our plans to implement and improve operational, financial and management systems; the impact of environmental regulations; and the outcome of pending or future litigation and legal proceedings. Additional factors that could cause actual results to differ materially include the risks discussed in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” and Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date hereof. Unless required by law, we undertake no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements.

In this Annual Report on Form 10-K, references to “Marvell,” “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Company” mean Marvell Technology Group Ltd. and its subsidiaries, except where it is made clear that the term means only the parent company.

 

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PART I

 

Item 1. Business

Overview

We are one of the world’s largest fabless semiconductor providers of high-performance application-specific standard products. Our core strength of expertise is the development of complex System-on-a-Chip (“SoC”) devices, leveraging our extensive technology portfolio of intellectual property in the areas of analog, mixed-signal, digital signal processing and embedded and standalone ARM-based microprocessor integrated circuits. Our broad product portfolio includes devices for data storage, enterprise-class Ethernet data switching, Ethernet physical-layer transceivers (“PHY”), mobile handsets and other consumer electronics, wireless networking, personal area networking, Ethernet-based PC connectivity, control plane communications controllers, video-image processing and power management solutions. We were incorporated in Bermuda in January 1995.

Our registered and mailing address is Canon’s Court, 22 Victoria Street, Hamilton HM 12, Bermuda, and our telephone number there is (441) 296-6395. The address of our United States operating subsidiary is Marvell Semiconductor, Inc., 5488 Marvell Lane, Santa Clara, California 95054, and our telephone number there is (408) 222-2500. We also have operations in many countries, including Canada, China, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Netherlands, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan and the United Kingdom. Our fiscal year ends on the Saturday nearest January 31. In this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we refer to the fiscal year ended January 27, 2007 as fiscal 2007, the fiscal year ended February 2, 2008 as fiscal 2008, the fiscal year ended January 29, 2009 as fiscal 2009, the fiscal year ended January 30, 2010 as fiscal 2010, the fiscal year ended January 29, 2011 as fiscal 2011, the fiscal year ended January 28, 2012 as fiscal 2012 and the fiscal year ending February 2, 2013 as fiscal 2013.

Available Information

Our website address is located at www.marvell.com. The information contained in our website does not form any part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. However, we make available free of charge through our website our annual reports on Form 10-K, our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, our current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file this material with, or furnish it to, the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

Industry Background

The semiconductor industry has evolved over the last five decades primarily due to the rapid and systematic advancements in photolithography techniques and new materials used in the manufacture of semiconductor devices, which has enabled the fabrication of transistor devices with a greater number of features and functions at ever-smaller chip sizes and with increasing power efficiency. As transistor line widths shrink over time, transistor density increases proportionally, enabling the manufacture of ever more complex devices in a fixed area of silicon. This phenomenon, known as “Moore’s Law,” states that with the transition to each new successive process node, transistor device size will shrink by 0.7×. This can enable a 2× increase in the number of transistors, an increase in device performance, a reduction in size of the chip, or additional functionality. Furthermore, the transition to ever smaller process geometries results in proportionally lower power consumption of integrated circuits.

The effect of Moore’s Law on the semiconductor industry has been a rapid increase in the processing speed, the device density of integrated circuits and improved power efficiency. This has enabled the integration of multiple complex functions onto a single piece of silicon, which in the past required multiple discrete integrated circuits. Concurrently, with the advances in semiconductor technology, there has been an evolutionary shift toward standards-based communication interconnect protocols, such as Ethernet. This has given rise to a large and diverse number of electronic systems suppliers to address the simultaneous transmission of voice, video, audio and data through both wired and wireless connections.

 

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Technological innovations have increased the capability to transmit and process information, which has led to both business enterprise and consumer electronic devices sharing and communicating ever larger amounts of information for a wide array of applications. Due in part to the ongoing evolution of both semiconductor and communications technology, the bandwidth demanded by users has continued to expand at an exponential rate. Additionally, as the bandwidth demand of both enterprise and consumer users increase, there has been a commensurate increase in the required amount of data storage capacity. We believe the market effects enabled by both the advances in semiconductor and communication technologies will provide a large and growing market for our products, technologies and intellectual property capabilities.

Within most modern electronic systems, in both the enterprise and consumer application domain, the device interconnects and data transmission occurs within the analog signal domain. However, due to advanced technologies, modern systems approaches and new algorithms, most new products convert the analog signals into digital signals to process the information. Given the high volume and cost sensitive nature of both enterprise and consumer applications, it is very beneficial to be able to integrate many of the analog and digital functions onto a single integrated circuit, which can help to increase system performance, lower costs and lower overall power consumption. As a result, these devices require a combination of both analog and digital integrated circuit technologies, more commonly known as mixed-signal technology. Historically, the ability to manufacture mixed-signal technologies required the use of expensive, non-scalable semiconductor manufacturing process technologies. However, to achieve price points that will accelerate the acceptance of these highly integrated mixed-signal devices, a small number of semiconductor suppliers, including us, have invested in the fundamental research and development capability, which allows for the use of high volume, lower cost and scalable complementary metal oxide semiconductor (“CMOS”) fabrication technology.

Because the processing requirements of these mixed-signal integrated circuits continue to expand with the increased performance and sophistication of the devices in which they are embedded, many of these integrated circuits are now also integrating high performance embedded microprocessors and complex digital signal processors to handle this increased workload. This minimizes or eliminates the need for a costly host central processing unit (“CPU”). With improvements in the performance of such embedded microprocessors, devices can further expand their capabilities while at the same time minimizing power requirements.

Many of these new, sophisticated devices are also handheld battery-powered devices in which minimizing the power consumption is critical to maximizing the life of the battery. Utilizing highly integrated circuits that are optimized for power efficiency is a critical factor for such handheld devices. Additionally, advanced digital power management solutions that regulate the power supply to the integrated circuits in an efficient and cost-effective manner are becoming increasingly important to help reduce overall power consumption and the total size of the solution.

Platform Integration

Over the last several years, we have transitioned from a supplier of standalone semiconductor components to a supplier of fully integrated platform solutions. Our platform solutions contain multiple intellectual property components in integrated hardware along with software that incorporates digital computing technologies, designed and configured to provide an optimized solution compared to individual components. Our solutions have become increasingly integrated, with ever more components resulting in an all-in-one solution for a given customer’s end product. The demand for such highly integrated platform solutions is generally driven by technological changes and the anticipation of the future needs of the device manufacturer. For example, in order to provide a complete solution for a specific handheld consumer electronics device, a device manufacturer may require a solution that integrates a high performance applications processor, along with seamless communications capability with a 3G/4G multi-band modem, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, radio frequency (“RF”), GPS and NFC. In addition, a device manufacturer may require graphics processing, high-definition audio and power management. These platforms will often cross multiple end markets, integrating components and technologies traditionally associated with one end market with components and technologies from another end market. For example, we

 

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may integrate an applications processor, traditionally associated with the mobile and wireless end market, with software and other components in an end user product targeting the home cloud. Therefore, it has become critical that our products across multiple end markets work seamlessly together.

In addition, software has become increasingly important to our business over the last several years, and we expect software to become even more important in the years to come. On-chip software, which acts as the “driver” for the functionality of the chip, has always been a critical part of our business. However, the software that we deliver with our chip has become significantly more complex as the range of uses and the needs in application-level software have increased. For example, a chip that we develop for a smartphone may need to include software that is compatible with the latest version of a specific company’s operating system that enables 3D graphics and that works seamlessly with a variety of popular end user applications. This requires a significant amount of up-front software development, testing, and often additional licensing.

Lastly, the market for consumer electronics devices is becoming increasingly standards-based. These standards change rapidly and often several different standards may exist and overlap in a single market. Our platforms must be designed to operate seamlessly with all relevant standards, which requires us to design products in anticipation of these relevant standards. For example, we have communications processors designed to operate on several different cellular standards, including EDGE, WCDMA (3G), TD-SCDMA (China 3G) and 4G/LTE.

In summary, while providing the most advanced components at the lowest possible price remains critical to our business, continuing the transformation into a platform company through the integration of multiple components together with on industry-leading software capability will continue to increase in importance to our overall success.

Our Markets and Products

When the company began, our core technologies were initially focused on the storage market, where we provide high-performance products to storage companies for traditional HDD to companies such as Hitachi Ltd., Samsung Semiconductor, Seagate Technology, Toshiba Corporation and Western Digital Corporation. Over the past few years, we have expanded on our core storage technologies by developing solid state flash drive (“SSD”) controllers, which are currently sold to flash providers who are building drives based on SSD, such as Micron, Sandisk, Toshiba, and others. The storage end markets continue to drive approximately 46% of our revenues on an annual basis. As the company developed, we applied our technology to the networking market, where we provide industry-leading PHY devices and wired and wireless Ethernet-switching solutions, which enable high-speed transmission between communications systems, that are sold by manufacturers of networking and wireless equipment, such as Alcatel, Brocade Communication Systems, Inc., Cisco Systems, Inc., Dell Inc., Sony Ericsson, Hewlett Packard Company, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd., Intel Corporation, Juniper Networks, Inc., and ZTE Corporation. Our wireless technology has a variety of uses in consumer electronic devices, including enabling applications such as wireless access routers, gaming devices, streaming audio, video, Voice over Internet Protocol (“VoIP”) and wireless printing, for products offered by companies such as Cisco Systems, Hewlett Packard Company, Microsoft Corporation and Sony Corporation. We also provide communications and applications processor products for cellular and handheld solutions to customers, such as Research in Motion Limited, Huawei, Motorola, Samsung, Lenovo, Vizio and ZTE Corporation. Lastly, we provide printer SoC and system level solutions for both inkjet and laser jet printer systems for companies such as Hewlett Packard Company.

 

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Our current product offerings are primarily in three broad end markets: mobile and wireless, storage and networking. Our net revenue by end market for the last three fiscal years are as follows:

 

     Fiscal Years Ended  
     January 28,
2012
           January 29,
2011
           January 30,
2010
        
     (in millions, except for percentages)  

Mobile and Wireless

   $ 969         29   $ 1,124         31   $ 532         19

Storage

     1,561         46     1,651         46     1,574         56

Networking

     698         21     683         19     597         21

Other

     165         4     154         4     105         4
  

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

    

Total

   $ 3,393         $ 3,612         $ 2,808      
  

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

    

Mobile and Wireless

Communications Processors

Our communications processors are highly integrated cellular SoC devices that enable mobile handset developers to address EDGE, WCDMA (3G), TD-SCDMA (China 3G) and 4G/LTE mobile network standards. They incorporate high-performance multi-band baseband modem processors and applications processors in highly integrated, low-power SoC platforms for voice, computation and multimedia-intensive mobile applications for smartphones.

The PXA920 is a highly integrated 3G communications processor solution that targets the TD-SCDMA smartphone market with high multimedia performance and mass market appeal. The PXA978 worldphone platform is a single-chip 3G communications processor that features both the latest UMTS and TD-SCDMA modem technologies. It combines gigahertz class applications processing performance with advanced 3D graphics and 1080p multimedia processing capability. This device is designed to enable smartphones to have access anywhere in the world on multiple networks. The PXA978 is complemented by power management, RF and wireless connectivity components in an all-Marvell platform solution.

Modem Processors

Our modem processors are highly optimized multi-mode baseband modem devices that enable design of a wide-array of high-performance, low-power Internet-connected devices, including smartphones, tablets, laptops, automotive, set-top-boxes and TVs. Our modem processors incorporate a multiband multimode design, which is capable of addressing evolving 3G and 4G mobile standards.

Connectivity

Our Avastar family of wireless products include standalone Wi-Fi products, as well as multi-function SoCs, which include Wi-Fi and other communication protocols, including Bluetooth and/or FM, delivered on a single chip. Historically, these devices have been incorporated primarily in mobile handsets, printers and access points. In today’s increasingly-connected and mobile lifestyle, the number and variety of products that require wireless communications have expanded significantly and includes digital still cameras, gaming devices, tablets, televisions, Blu-Ray players, DVRs, in-car infotainment and smart appliances. Our products are well positioned for these devices by delivering low power and high performance functionality with the latest technologies, such as Wi-Fi Direct, WPS and Wi-Fi Display. In addition, the Avastar family of products provides a high degree of integration of power management features, RF components and memory.

Mobile Computing Products

Our Armada 100, 500 and 600 products are SoCs that are designed to deliver advanced integration, leading multimedia performance and superior power consumption savings for mobile computing products, such as

 

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tablets, eReaders, scanners, printers and educational devices. During fiscal 2012, we shipped SoCs for use in tablets for the first time. We have also introduced new thin client products designed to operate on Linux-based devices, offering a low power cost and efficient alternative to existing desktop computers.

Connected Home Computing Products

The Armada 1000 and 1500 products are SoC solutions that are designed to enable the next generation of connected consumer platforms and to enhance the digital lifestyle. These devices are targeted at powering digital TVs, Blu-ray players, set-top boxes and advanced media players by delivering an immersive viewing experience, 3D graphics and enhanced security. In addition, the Armada 1000 and 1500 products are fully-integrated devices that include dual-SATA interfaces, high performance DDR2/3 and NAND memory controllers, USB2.0, HDMI and SDIO.

Storage Products

We offer a broad range of integrated data storage products across all major technologies, including HDDs, hybrid HDDs (“HHDD”) and optical disk drives (“ODD”). In addition, we offer storage system products for complex storage area network solutions. These products provide increased performance and reduced power consumption for enterprise, desktop and mobile storage systems. These integrated SoCs feature ultra-fast read channels, high-performance processors, transceivers, DDR RAM controllers and cryptographic engines.

Hard Disk Drive Controllers

Hard drive controllers provide high performance input/output (“I/O”) interface control between the HDD and the host system. We support a variety of host system interfaces, including SATA, SAS and Fiber Channel, which can support the complete range of enterprise, desktop and mobile HDDs. We are the leading HDD controller supplier and currently supply products to all of the major hard drive manufacturers. In addition, we were the first to introduce HDD controllers with advanced 500-gigabyte-per-platter technology for mobile HDDs, a technological advantage which enables a higher level of data storage on a smaller form factor.

Solid-State Drive Controllers

Our SSD controller SoCs are targeted at the growing market for flash-based storage systems, for the enterprise, consumer and mobile markets. Our SSD controllers leverage significant portions of intellectual property and software developed for the HDD market. Additionally, we incorporate unique intellectual property and development required to ensure stable device operation. We have also leveraged our technology leadership in consumer SSD controllers and have developed a family of SSD controller-based solutions designed for the smartphone end market.

Hybrid Hard Disk Drive Controllers

A HHDD is an HDD that also contains flash memory, thereby leveraging the low cost of a HDD with the performance of a SSD. Our HHDD controller SoCs include the technology required for HDD operation as well as a high speed interface for the on-drive flash memory.

Optical Disk Drive Controllers

Our ODD controller SoCs leverage our various storage technologies to support a variety of ODD formats, such as Blu-Ray.

Storage-System Products

Our storage system products enable customers to manage and aggregate data from arrays of multiple HDDs or from multiple servers. Our portfolio of storage system solutions includes devices which convert data from

 

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multiple formats, as well as devices which aggregate and consolidate data into high bandwidth streams. In fiscal 2012, we released DragonFly, a storage accelerator product which enhances performance in virtualization and database applications.

Networking

Residential, enterprise and service provider networks are experiencing rapid change. To meet these challenges, our Networking business is evolving by investing and adding technologies required for the buildout of new network architectures. We are focusing on cloud infrastructure and service provider infrastructure.

Cloud Infrastructure

We supply products related to cloud infrastructure, which encompasses home, private and public cloud networks: Home cloud is where personal applications and data reside within the privacy and control of a residential network. Our home cloud products are designed to allow a multitude of smart devices to share content and manage home services. Our home cloud-related product offerings include our Kirkwood and Link Street families.

Our Kirkwood family of products is based on our embedded CPU technology, which have been designed to maximize overall performance while minimizing power consumption. Designed for network connected consumer electronics equipment, this family of products is used in home gateways, set-top boxes, network storage, printers, media players and point-of-service terminals.

Our Link Street family of 10/100 Fast Ethernet and Gigabit switches are targeted to the small office and home office market, where cost, ease-of-use and flexibility are critical. These devices are targeted at applications, such as standalone switches, media converters, intellectual property phones, firewall appliances, wireless and wired gateway routers, and wireless access points. When integrated with a high performance ARM-based embedded microprocessor, a media access controller and PHY interface, our Link Street family of products provide an integrated single-chip solution for small and medium-size business applications, as well as residential applications.

Private cloud represents the next generation of the enterprise network that enables a more mobile workforce, global collaboration, increased bandwidth and enhanced security. Our Private cloud product offerings are within our Prestera, Discovery Innovation and Alaska families. The Prestera DX family of Gigabit Ethernet (“GbE”) switches offers integration and performance for small and medium-size business networks. These products are designed to enable system vendors to design affordable, plug-and-play, high-density and standalone switches, which address the cost-sensitive desktop switching market. The Prestera EX family of enterprise switches is designed to deliver exceptional price and performance. The Prestera EX family delivers a complete line of Fast Ethernet, GbE and 10GbE switching solutions. Our Discovery Innovation family of products provides a complete SoC solution based on our embedded CPU technology. By leveraging our Discovery system controllers and deep expertise in ARM-based CPUs, the Discovery Innovation SoCs offer high levels of integration. The high-performance, low-power, highly integrated processors are ideally suited to a wide range of applications, ranging from sophisticated routers, switches and wireless base stations to high-volume laser printer applications.

Our Alaska family of products includes high-performance and low-power Gigabit transceivers, which address enterprise switching, server and telecom applications. This family of products enables the accelerated deployment of 10GbE capable systems for the local area network (“LAN”), metropolitan area network (“MAN”) and wide area network (“WAN”) markets. Our low-power, low-cost solutions effectively address network connectivity for client systems, such as PCs, gaming systems and digital TVs.

Public cloud encompasses low-power commercial data centers, where we are focused on the convergence of networking, computing and storage technologies. Our Public cloud product offerings are within our Prestera, Armada XP and Yukon families.

 

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The Prestera CX family of 10GbE and 40GbE switches is designed for the new generation of high density data centers and optical broadband, as well as the convergence of data and storage networks. Using standards-based congestion management capabilities and dynamic power management, these products enable virtualization, cloud computing and “software as a service.”

Our Armada XP family of products is a quad-core processing, enterprise-class cloud computing platform. This platform integrates four Marvell designed ARM-compliant 1.6Hz CPU cores along with a host of I/O peripherals and is optimized to consume low power while simultaneously delivering high performance-per-watt.

Our Yukon family of connectivity products includes integrated, single-chip solutions, based on our proven enterprise-class Alaska family of products. These products are offered in an ultra-small form factor, with low-power consumption and are targeted for client and server network interface cards.

Service Provider Infrastructure

We are leading the deployment of residential fiber access infrastructure and mobile internet infrastructure with Ethernet passive optical network (“EPON”), Gigabit passive optical network (“GPON”) and Universal PON technologies, as well as the transition to intellectual property Radio Access Networks, which will allow for the transition to LTE/4G technologies.

Our Avanta family provides solutions for next generation broadband, based on EPON and GPON architectures. These products consist of a highly integrated Gateway-on-a-Chip solution, Ethernet and packet processing, voice processing, power management and applications processors. Avanta is meant to meet the needs of next generation Internet and the significant increases in required bandwidth, including high quality video, online gaming and conferencing.

During fiscal 2012, we also acquired Xelerated AB (for further details, please see “Note 2 – Business Combinations” in our notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K). This acquisition enhances our product portfolio and adds a family of network processors and ultra programmable Ethernet switching solutions designed for carrier ethernet, united fiber access, mobile backhaul and transport platforms. The Xelerated family of products enables customers to quickly scale their services while maintaining low power, low latency and high performance necessary for a reliable mobile internet.

The Prestera MX multi-layer switching family of products includes fully-integrated 100 MbE, 1GbE and 10GbE-per-second, fast Ethernet configurable devices. These products are targeted at metropolitan edge and access systems in service provider networks.

Our Powerline products for home networking and Advanced Metering Infrastructure (“AMI”) are designed for performance and robust connectivity. Our Home Networking Powerline solutions are designed into networking equipment deployed by service providers to deliver intellectual property television services and are also available to consumers through the retail channels. We are designing products that support the ITU G.hn standard, ensure high performance over a variety of media. The G.hn standard provides support for powerline, as well as phoneline and coax media. Our G.hn transceiver is designed to enable a superior user experience for performance-intensive applications, such as VoIP, multi-room DVR, video surveillance and gaming. With energy-saving features and easy plug-and-play installation, our G.hn product family also enables easy connectivity for Blu-ray players, IPTV/OTT set-top boxes and Internet-ready TVs in the home. Our Powerline products are also designed to support high performance broadband AMI applications for utility providers by supporting current and future smart grid needs, including real-time network planning and management, outage avoidance and demand management.

 

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Other Products

Printing Solutions

Our printing solutions include integrated SoCs that are custom-designed ASICs for customer printing products, as well as application-specific standard products designed for various product types. Our printing solutions address the inkjet, laser and “all-in-one” printer markets and offer capabilities which include printing, scanning, copying, user interface, USB, networking, wireless, fax, photo and other applications.

Digital Video Processing Products

Our digital video format converter products convert PC graphics, standard-definition and high definition video into 1080p high definition outputs, removing signal noise and image artifacts. These products are targeted for Blu-Ray players and recorders, set-top-boxes, A/V receivers, digital television and media clients.

Power Management and Green Technology Products

Our DSP Switcher regulators are designed to provide efficiency, precision and transient response, all in a small form factor. We also offer analog switching regulators that are low-cost, highly-integrated power management solutions. Our analog switching regulators are available as single or multiple output devices, allowing design flexibility for our customers. These solutions feature low-power consumption, high efficiency and high switching frequency. Our integrated Power Management IC family (“PMIC”) of products are designed as companion chips for our cellular and applications processor product lines. Our PMIC products are used in cellular handsets and other mobile platforms. The PMIC devices are highly integrated and designed to support all of the peripheral functions on the platform, including power regulation, battery charging, white LED backlight drivers, touch screen control, audio and voice, vibration control and the real time clock.

Smart-LED Lighting

Our Smart LED Lighting platform enables energy efficient, high-quality LED lights, promoting an eco-friendly and convenient lifestyle. It enables end users to control lighting solutions from their mobile and personal computing devices, whereby they can conveniently manage, analyze and maintain a cost-saving digital lighting solution from anywhere in the world. This platform combines our LED processors and a wireless ZigBee/Wi-Fi gateway with smart lighting software.

Smart-Energy/Wi-Fi Microcontroller

Our new Smart Energy Platform provides a cost-effective, flexible and easy-to-use solution for building a new generation of connected smart appliances. This platform is driven by a Wi-Fi-enabled microcontroller and integrated software. In addition to smart-appliances, the smart energy platform also targets sensors, lighting controls, measurement tools, toys, personal medical devices and consumer accessories.

We have determined that we operate in one reportable business segment: the design, development and sale of integrated circuits. For further information, please see “Note 13 — Segment and Geographic Information” in the notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Customers, Sales and Marketing

Our direct sales force targets markets that have high intensity data communications processing and high performance storage requirements. We complement and support our direct sales force with manufacturers’ representatives for our products in North America, Europe and Asia. In addition, we have distributors who support our sales and marketing activities in the United States, Europe and Asia. We also use stocking

 

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representatives outside of the United States for some of our products. We expect a significant percentage of our sales will continue to come from direct sales to key customers. As we expand into other end markets, we will evaluate the best sales channel to service that business.

We use field application engineers to provide technical support and assistance to existing and potential customers in designing, testing and qualifying systems designs that incorporate our products. We believe that superior field applications engineering support plays a pivotal role in building long-term relationships with customers by improving our customers’ time-to-market, maintaining a high level of customer satisfaction and encouraging customers to use our next-generation products.

Our marketing team works in conjunction with our field sales and application engineering force and is organized around our product applications and end-markets. Due to the complexity of our products, we believe that individual meetings with our marketing, sales and engineering teams provide the most effective and rapid means of communicating the capabilities, benefits and extremely technical specifications of each significant new product.

The target customers for our storage products are manufacturers of HDDs and SSDs for the enterprise, desktop and mobile computing markets.

The target customers for our switching, transceiver and connectivity products are manufacturers of high-speed networking equipment targeted at LANs, MANs and WANs, in addition to PC-client OEMs. The target customers for our communications controller and embedded processor products are the manufacturers and vendors of wireless communications equipment and handsets for the internet voice communications market.

The target customers for our cellular and applications processor products are manufacturers of cellular handsets, tablets, personal navigation devices and a large variety of other handheld, portable consumer applications. Our target customers for our wireless and personal area networking products include manufacturers of Wireless LAN solutions for small-and-medium size businesses, small office/home office and residential gateway solutions as well as manufacturers of a variety of new consumer applications such as cellular handsets, gaming devices, PDAs and home entertainment multimedia client devices.

The target customers for our digital video processing products include manufacturers of consumer electronic devices, such as digital televisions, HD-based media players, HD-based set-top-boxes, media clients and audio-visual receivers. The target customers for our power management and green technology products are very diverse and include manufacturers of many different electronic devices.

A small number of customers have accounted for a significant portion of our net revenue. One customer, Western Digital, accounted for more than 10% of our net revenue in fiscal 2012, and two customers represented more than 10% of our net revenue in fiscal 2011 and 2010. Western Digital represented 19%, 21% and 24% of our net revenue in fiscal 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Research in Motion represented 14% of net revenue in fiscal 2011. Toshiba represented 15% of net revenue in fiscal 2010. Subsequent to our fiscal 2012, Western Digital acquired Hitachi’s HDD unit. If this acquisition had occurred at the beginning of fiscal 2012, Western Digital would have represented 24% of net revenue in fiscal 2012. During fiscal 2012, Seagate acquired the HDD operations of Samsung. If this acquisition had occurred at the beginning of fiscal 2012, Seagate would have represented 11% of net revenue.

Our sales are made under purchase orders typically received between one week and four months prior to the scheduled delivery date. These purchase orders can be cancelled without charge if notice is given within an agreed upon period. Because of the scheduling requirements of our foundries, we generally place firm orders for products with our suppliers up to 16 weeks prior to the anticipated delivery date and typically prior to an order for the product. These lead times typically change based on the current capacity at the foundries.

 

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An increasing number of our products are being incorporated into consumer electronics products, including gaming devices, which are subject to significant seasonality and fluctuations in demand. Due to holiday and back to school buying trends, these seasonal demand patterns generally will negatively impact our results in the first and fourth quarter and positively impact our results in the second and third quarter of our fiscal years.

Backlog

Our sales are made primarily pursuant to standard purchase orders for delivery of products. The quantities actually purchased by the customer, as well as the shipment schedules, are frequently revised during the agreement term to reflect changes in the customer’s needs. Due to an industry practice that allows customers to cancel or change purchase orders with limited notice prior to the scheduled shipment dates, we believe that backlog is not a reliable indicator of future revenue. In addition, a significant portion of our revenue is related to inventory pulled by customers from third party logistics providers. As such, this revenue would not be included in the backlog.

Research and Development

We believe that our future success depends on our ability to introduce improvements to our existing products and to develop new products that deliver cost-effective solutions for both existing and new markets. Our research and development efforts are directed largely to the development of high-performance analog, mixed-signal, digital signal processing and embedded microprocessor integrated circuits with the smallest die size and lowest power. We devote a significant portion of our resources to expanding our product portfolio based on a broad intellectual property portfolio with designs that enable high-performance, reliable communications over a variety of physical transmission media. We are also focused on incorporating functions currently provided by stand-alone integrated circuits into our integrated platform solutions to reduce our customers’ overall system costs.

We have assembled a core team of engineers who have extensive experience in the areas of mixed-signal circuit design, digital signal processing, embedded microprocessors, CMOS technology and system-level architectures. We have invested, and expect that we will continue to invest, significant funds for research and development. Our research and development expense was $1,014 million, $898 million and $828 million in fiscal 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

Manufacturing

Integrated Circuit Fabrication

The vast majority of our integrated circuits are substantially fabricated using widely available CMOS processes, which provide greater flexibility to engage independent foundries to manufacture integrated circuits at lower costs. By outsourcing manufacturing, we are able to avoid the cost associated with owning and operating our own manufacturing facility. This allows us to focus our efforts on the design and marketing of our products. We currently outsource a substantial percentage of our integrated circuit manufacturing to Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, with the remaining manufacturing outsourced to other foundries primarily in Asia. We work closely with our foundry partners to forecast on a monthly basis our manufacturing capacity requirements. Our integrated circuits are currently fabricated in several advanced, sub-micron manufacturing processes. Because finer manufacturing processes lead to enhanced performance, smaller silicon chip size and lower power requirements, we continually evaluate the benefits and feasibility of migrating to smaller geometry process technology in order to reduce cost and improve performance.

Assembly and Test

We outsource all product packaging and testing requirements for our production products to several assembly and test subcontractors, including STATS ChipPAC Ltd. in Singapore, Malaysia, Korea, Taiwan and China, Global Testing Corporation in Singapore, Siliconware Precision Industries in Taiwan, ASE Electronics in Singapore, Taiwan and Malaysia and Amkor in Korea, Philippines and Taiwan.

 

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Quality Assurance

We are certified to the International Organization for Standardization Quality Management Systems Standard ISO 9001:2008. We build quality into our products starting with the design and development process. Our designs are subjected to extensive circuit simulation under extreme conditions of temperature, voltage and processing before being committed to manufacture. We pre-qualify each of our subcontractors and conduct regular in-depth quality audits. We closely monitor foundry production to ensure consistent overall quality, reliability and yield levels. All of our independent foundries and assembly-test subcontractors have been awarded ISO 9001 certification.

Environmental Management

We monitor the environmental impact of our products. The need for lead-free and halogen-free solutions in electronic components and systems has received increasing attention within the semiconductor industry and many companies are moving towards becoming compliant with the Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive (“RoHS”), the European legislation that restricts the use of a number of substances, including lead. We believe that our current products are compliant with the RoHS Directive and the REACH (Regulation, Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals) SVHC Substances Directive.

Intellectual Property

Our future revenue growth and overall success depend in large part on our ability to protect our intellectual property. We rely on a combination of patents, copyrights, trademarks, trade secret laws, contractual provisions and licenses to protect our intellectual property. We also enter into confidentiality agreements with our employees, consultants, suppliers and customers and seek to control access to and distribution of, our documentation and other proprietary information. Despite these precautions, it may be possible for a third party to copy or otherwise obtain and use our products and technology without authorization, independently develop similar technology or design around our patents. In addition, we often incorporate the intellectual property of other companies into our designs and we have certain obligations with respect to the non-use and non-disclosure of their intellectual property. It is possible, however, that the steps taken by us to prevent misappropriation or infringement of our intellectual property or our customers’ intellectual property may not be successful.

As of January 28, 2012, we have been issued and/or have acquired over 2,500 U.S. patents and over 700 foreign patents and we have more than 3,000 U.S. and foreign pending patent applications on various aspects of our technology, with expiration dates ranging approximately from 2012 to 2032, however, we cannot be certain whether we will be issued patents as a result of these applications. Furthermore, it is possible that our patents may be invalidated, circumvented, challenged or licensed to others. Additionally, the laws of some foreign countries in which our products are or may be developed, manufactured or sold, including various countries in Asia, may not protect our products or proprietary information to the same extent as do the laws of the United States and thus make the possibility of piracy of our technology and products more likely in these countries. We may need to engage in litigation in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights or the rights of our customers, to protect our trade secrets or to determine the validity and scope of proprietary rights of others, including our customers. This litigation could result in substantial costs and diversion of our resources and could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We have expended and will continue to expend considerable resources in establishing a patent position designed to protect our intellectual property. While our ability to compete is enhanced by our ability to protect our intellectual property, we believe that in view of the rapid pace of technological change, the combination of the technical experience and innovative skills of our employees may be as important to our business as the legal protection of our patents and other proprietary information.

From time to time, we may desire or be required to renew or to obtain licenses from third parties in order to further develop and effectively market commercially viable products. We cannot be sure that any necessary licenses will be available or will be available on commercially reasonable terms.

 

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The integrated circuit industry is characterized by vigorous pursuit and protection of intellectual property rights, which has resulted in significant and often time consuming and expensive litigation. From time to time, we receive, and may continue to receive in the future, notices that claim we have infringed upon, misappropriated or misused the proprietary rights of other parties. Although we defend these claims vigorously, it is possible that we will not prevail in pending or future lawsuits. In addition, we may be sued in the future by other parties who claim that we have infringed their patents or misappropriated or misused their trade secrets, or who may seek to invalidate one or more of our patents. Any of these claims could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Even if claims against us are not valid or successfully asserted, these claims could result in significant costs and a diversion of management and personnel resources to defend. In that event, our business, financial condition and results of operations could also be materially and adversely affected. In any of the pending or future claims or actions asserted against us, we may seek to obtain licenses under a third party’s intellectual property rights; however, we may not be able to obtain such licenses on commercially reasonable terms, if at all.

Competition

The markets for our products are intensely competitive, characterized by rapid technological change, evolving standards, short product life cycles and pricing pressures imposed by high-volume customers. We expect competition to intensify as current competitors expand their product offerings and new competitors enter our markets.

We believe that our ability to compete successfully in the rapidly evolving markets for our products depends on a number of factors, including the:

 

   

performance, features, quality and price of our products;

 

   

timing and success of new product introductions by us, our customers and our competitors;

 

   

emergence of new industry standards;

 

   

ability to obtain adequate foundry capacity; and

 

   

number and nature of our competitors in a given market.

By end market our major competitors are as follows;

 

Mobile and Wireless

 

Storage

 

Networking

QUALCOMM Incorporated

  LSI Corporation   Broadcom Corporation

Broadcom Corporation

  STMicroelectronics N.V.   Freescale Semiconductor Holdings I, Ltd.

MediaTek, Inc.

  Texas Instruments Incorporated   LSI Corporation

Spreadtrum Communications, Inc.

    Intel Corporation

Intel Corporation

    Cavium, Inc.

NVIDIA Corporation

    PMC-Sierra, Inc.

Texas Instruments Incorporated

    Applied Micro Circuits Corporation
    Xilinx, Inc.
    Altera Corporation
    QUALCOMM Incorporated

In addition, we expect increased competition in the future from other emerging and established companies. Although we believe we will be able to successfully compete with existing and potential competitors, some of

 

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these current and potential competitors have longer operating histories, greater name recognition, access to larger customer bases and significantly greater financial, sales and marketing, manufacturing, distribution, technical and other resources than we do. As a result, they may be able to respond more quickly to changing customer demands or to devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of their products than we can. Our current or future competitors could develop and introduce new products that will be priced lower, provide superior performance or achieve greater market acceptance than our products. In addition, in the event of a manufacturing capacity shortage, these competitors may be able to manufacture products when our ability to do so may be limited.

Furthermore, current or potential competitors have established or may establish financial and strategic relationships among themselves or with existing or potential customers or other third parties to increase the ability of their products to address the needs of customers. Accordingly, it is possible that new competitors or alliances among competitors could emerge and rapidly acquire significant market share, which could harm our business.

In addition, many of our current and potential customers have substantial technological capabilities and financial resources. Some customers have already developed, or in the future may develop, technologies that could compete directly with our products. We may also face competition from suppliers of products based on new or emerging technologies.

Historically, average unit selling prices in the integrated circuit industry in general, and for our products in particular, have decreased over the life of a particular product. We expect that the average unit selling prices of our products will continue to be subject to significant pricing pressures. In order to offset expected declines in the average unit selling prices of our products, we will need to continue to reduce the cost of our products. To accomplish this, we intend to continue to implement design changes that lower the cost of manufacturing and assembling and testing our products. We also intend to enter into long-term, strategic arrangements with our foundry partners to secure wafer capacity at reduced prices, by negotiating reduced charges from our foundries. In addition, we plan to work with multiple foundry partners to ensure that our products are qualified and can be manufactured in multiple locations, which will ensure favorable wafer pricing. Lastly, we are designing all new products as well as redesigning some existing products with packaging that uses copper wiring, rather than gold wiring. Due to the rise in the cost of gold over the past year, this transition will lower our overall product cost. Because we do not operate our own manufacturing, assembly or testing facilities, we may not be able to reduce our costs as rapidly as companies that operate their own facilities. If we fail to introduce lower cost versions of our products in a timely manner or to successfully manage our manufacturing, assembly and testing relationships, our business could be adversely impacted.

Employees

As of January 28, 2012, we had a total of 6,970 employees.

Executive Officers of the Registrant

The following table shows information about our executive officers as of January 28, 2012:

 

Name

   Age     

Position(s)

Dr. Sehat Sutardja

     50       President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board

Clyde R. Hosein

     52       Chief Financial Officer and Secretary

Dr. Pantas Sutardja

     49       Vice President, Chief Technology Officer, Chief Research and Development Officer and Director

 

Dr. Sehat Sutardja, one of our co-founders, has served as the President, Chief Executive Officer and Co-Chairman of our Board of Directors since 1995, and Chairman of our Board of Directors since 2003. While

 

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remaining deeply involved in the daily challenges of running a global growth company, Dr. Sutardja participates heavily in our engineering and marketing efforts across analog, video processor, and microprocessor design while offering input across all of our other product lines. Dr. Sehat Sutardja is widely regarded as one of the pioneers of the modern semiconductor age. His breakthrough designs and guiding vision have revolutionized numerous industry segments, from data storage to the high performance, low power chips now driving the growing global markets for mobile computing and telephony. For his relentless innovation, he has been awarded more than 150 patents and has been named a Fellow of IEEE. In 2006, Dr. Sutardja was recognized as the Inventor of the Year by the Silicon Valley Intellectual Property Law Association. Dr. Sutardja has become an internationally-recognized proponent of new energy efficiency standards for consumer electronics. To that end, he has been working with the governments in both the U.S. and China to establish efficiency performance standards that could produce significant cost and carbon savings. Dr. Sutardja holds a MS and Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from the University of California at Berkeley. Dr. Sehat Sutardja received a BS in Electrical Engineering from Iowa State University. Dr. Sehat Sutardja is the brother of Dr. Pantas Sutardja.

Clyde R. Hosein has served as our Chief Financial Officer since June 2008 and our Corporate Secretary since September 2008. Mr. Hosein served as our Interim Chief Operating Officer from October 2008 to March 2010. From March 2003 until June 2008, Mr. Hosein served as Chief Financial Officer for Integrated Device Technologies, a publicly traded company that develops and delivers mixed signal semiconductor solutions to the communications, computing and consumer end markets. From 2001 until 2003, Mr. Hosein served as Chief Financial Officer of Advanced Interconnect Technologies. From 1997 to 2001, Mr. Hosein was the Chief Financial Officer and senior director of corporate planning of Candescent Technologies Corporation. Previous to Candescent, Mr. Hosein spent over 14 years with IBM Corporation, where he held several engineering and financial positions within their storage, microelectronics, data systems and corporate divisions. Mr. Hosein serves on the board of directors of Cree Inc., a publicly traded company that develops and manufactures LED products. Mr. Hosein holds an MBA from New York University Stern School of Business and a BS in industrial engineering from Polytechnic University in New York.

Dr. Pantas Sutardja, one of our co-founders, has served as Vice President and a director since our inception 1995. Dr. Pantas Sutardja was appointed Chief Technology Officer in 2000 and Chief Research and Development Officer in August 2007. Dr. Pantas Sutardja served as our Acting Chief Operating Officer from September 2007 until June 2008. Dr. Pantas Sutardja holds a BS, MS and Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from the University of California at Berkeley. Dr. Pantas Sutardja is the brother of Dr. Sehat Sutardja.

 

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Additional Factors That May Affect Future Results

Investing in our common shares involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below and all information contained in this report before you decide to purchase our common shares. If any of the possible adverse events described below actually occurs, we may be unable to conduct our business as currently planned and our financial condition and operating results could be harmed. In addition, the trading price of our common shares could decline due to the occurrence of any of these risks, and you could lose all or part of your investment.

Our financial condition and results of operations may vary from quarter to quarter, which may cause the price of our common shares to decline.

Our quarterly results of operations have fluctuated in the past and could do so in the future. Because our results of operations are difficult to predict, you should not rely on quarterly comparisons of our results of operations as an indication of our future performance.

 

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Fluctuations in our results of operations may be due to a number of factors, including, but not limited to, those listed below and those identified throughout this “Risk Factors” section:

 

   

changes in general economic and political conditions and specific conditions in the markets we address, including the continuing volatility in the technology sector and semiconductor industry;

 

   

our ability to develop and introduce new and enhanced products in a timely and effective manner, as well as our ability to anticipate and adapt to changes in technology;

 

   

cancellations, rescheduling or deferrals of significant customer orders or shipments, as well as the ability of our customers to manage inventory;

 

   

our dependence on a few customers for a significant portion of our revenue;

 

   

our ability to scale our operations in response to changes in demand for our existing products or demand for new products requested by our customers;

 

   

gain or loss of a key customer or design win;

 

   

seasonality in sales of consumer devices in which our products are incorporated;

 

   

our ability to maintain a competitive cost structure for our manufacturing and assembly and test processes;

 

   

increases in assembly costs due to commodity price increases, such as the price of gold;

 

   

failure to qualify our products or our suppliers’ manufacturing lines;

 

   

our ability to exercise stringent quality control measures to obtain high yields;

 

   

our ability to attract and retain highly skilled managerial, engineering, sales and marketing personnel;

 

   

failure to protect our intellectual property;

 

   

impact of a significant natural disaster, including earthquakes, floods and tsunamis; and

 

   

any current and future litigation that could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management’s attention and resources that are needed to successfully maintain and grow our business.

Due to fluctuations in our quarterly results of operations and other factors, the price at which our common shares will trade is likely to continue to be highly volatile. Accordingly, you may not be able to resell your common shares at or above the price you paid. In future periods, our stock price could decline if, amongst other factors, our revenues or operating results are below our estimates or the estimates or expectations of public market analysts and investors. As a result of stock price volatility, we may be subject to securities class action litigation. Any litigation could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management’s attention and resources that are needed to successfully maintain and grow our business.

A significant portion of our business is dependent on the HDD industry, which is highly cyclical, experiences rapid technological change, is subject to industry consolidation and is facing increased competition from alternative technologies.

The HDD industry is intensely competitive, and the technology changes rapidly. This industry has historically been cyclical, with periods of increased demand and rapid growth followed by periods of oversupply and subsequent contraction. These cycles may affect us because some of our customers are participants in this industry.

HDD manufacturers tend to order more components than they may need during growth periods, and sharply reduce orders for components during periods of contraction. Rapid technological changes in the HDD industry often result in shifts in market share among the industry’s participants. If the HDD manufacturers using our products do not retain or increase their market share, our sales may decrease.

 

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In addition, the HDD industry has experienced consolidation over the past several years. For example, during fiscal 2010, Toshiba acquired the HDD operations of Fujitsu. In December 2011, Seagate completed the acquisition of Samsung’s HDD unit. Subsequent to our fiscal 2012, Western Digital completed the acquisition of Hitachi’s HDD unit. Consolidation among our customers could lead to changing demand for our products, replacement of our products by the merged entity with those of our competitors and cancellation of orders, each of which could harm our results of operations. On the other hand, this could lead to increased opportunities for our products within the combined company if we can leverage our technology and customer relationships.

Furthermore, future changes in the nature of information storage products could reduce demand for traditional HDDs. For example, products using alternative technologies, such as solid-state flash drives and other storage technologies could become a source of competition to manufacturers of HDDs. Because we offer SSD controllers, leveraging our technology in hard drives, we believe we will maintain significant market share even if demand for traditional HDDs decreases.

We operate in the intensely competitive markets, and our failure to compete effectively would harm our results of operations.

The semiconductor industry and specifically the mobile and wireless communications markets are extremely competitive, and we expect competition to intensify as current competitors expand their product offerings and new competitors enter the market. We currently compete with a number of large domestic and international companies in the business of designing integrated circuits and related applications, some of which have greater financial, technical and management resources than us. We expect competition to continue to increase as industry standards continue to evolve and become better known, and others realize the market potential of wired and wireless products and services. For example, we expect to see increased competition in the TD-SCDMA smartphone market in China. As competition in the markets in which we operate continues to increase, our revenues and gross margins may decline. For example, competitors with greater financial resources may be able to offer lower prices than us, or they may offer additional products, services or other incentives that we may not be able to match. In addition, many of our competitors operate and maintain their own fabrication facilities and have longer operating histories, greater name recognition, larger customer bases, and greater sales, marketing and distribution resources than we do. Furthermore, our current and potential competitors in the mobile and wireless markets have established or may establish financial and strategic relationships among themselves or with existing or potential customers or other third parties to increase the ability of their products to address the needs of customers. Accordingly, new competitors or alliances among these competitors may acquire significant market share, which would harm our business. While we continue to pursue similar strategic relationships, and currently have significant financial and technical resources, we cannot assure you that we will be able to continue to compete successfully against existing or new competitors, which would harm our results of operations.

In addition, the semiconductor providers competing for the mobile and wireless communication markets have experienced consolidation recently. In February 2011, Broadcom Corporation acquired NetLogic Microsystems. In addition, in September 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated acquired National Semiconductor. Consolidation among our competitors could lead to a changing competitive landscape, capabilities, and market share, which could harm our results of operations.

Our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely impacted by global economic conditions, which may cause a decline in the market price of our common shares.

We operate in the semiconductor industry, which is cyclical and subject to rapid change and evolving industry standards. From time to time, this industry has experienced significant demand downturns. These downturns are characterized by decreases in product demand, excess customer inventories and sometimes accelerated erosion of prices, including as a result of volatile global economic conditions. These factors could cause substantial fluctuations in our net revenue, gross margin, cash flows and results of operations. In addition, during these downturns some competitors may become more aggressive in their pricing practices, which would adversely impact our gross margin. Any downturns in the current environment may be severe and prolonged, and

 

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any failure of the markets in which we operate to fully recover from downturns could seriously impact our revenue and harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. The semiconductor industry is also subject to periodic increases in demand and supply constraints, which may affect our ability to ship products. Accordingly, our results of operations may vary significantly as a result of the general conditions in the semiconductor industry, which could cause fluctuations in our stock price.

We cannot predict the timing, strength or duration of any economic slowdown or subsequent global economic recovery in the semiconductor industry. If the economy or markets in which we operate deteriorate from current levels, our business, financial condition and results of operations will likely be materially and adversely affected. Additionally, the combination of our lengthy sales cycle coupled with challenging macroeconomic conditions could adversely impact our results of operations.

We rely on independent foundries and subcontractors for the manufacture, assembly and testing of our integrated circuit products, and the failure of any of these third party vendors to deliver products or otherwise perform as requested could damage our relationships with our customers, decrease our sales and limit our ability to grow our business.

We do not have our own manufacturing or assembly facilities and have very limited in-house testing facilities. Therefore, we currently rely on several third party foundries to produce our integrated circuit products. We also currently rely on several third party assembly and test subcontractors to assemble, package and test our products. This exposes us to a variety of risks, including the following:

Regional Concentration:

Substantially all of our products are manufactured by third party foundries located in Taiwan. Our other sources for manufacturing are located in the U.S., China and Singapore. In addition, substantially all of our assembly and testing facilities are located in Singapore, Taiwan, Malaysia and the Philippines. Because of the geographic concentration of these third party foundries, as well as our assembly and test subcontractors, we are exposed to the risk that their operations may be disrupted by regional disasters or by political changes. For example, the risk of an earthquake in Taiwan and elsewhere in the Pacific Rim region is significant due to the proximity of major earthquake fault lines to the facilities of our foundries and assembly and test subcontractors. Taiwan has experienced significant earthquakes in the past and may be subject to additional earthquakes that could disrupt manufacturing operations. In the event of a significant natural disaster or a quarantine or closure that affects our manufacturers in the Pacific Rim, our revenues, cost of goods sold and results of operations would be negatively impacted. In addition, if we were unable to quickly identify alternate manufacturing facilities, we could experience significant delays in product shipments, which could harm our results of operations.

No Guarantee of Capacity or Supply:

The ability of each foundry to provide us with semiconductor devices is limited by its available capacity and existing obligations. In addition, when demand is strong, availability of foundry capacity may be constrained, and with limited exceptions, our vendors are not obligated to perform services or supply products to us for any specific period, in any specific quantities, or at any specific price, except as may be provided in a particular purchase order. For example, in recent years, we experienced some supply shortages due to the difficulties encountered by the foundries in rapidly increasing their production capacities after the recovery from the severe economic down turn from fiscal 2009 to fiscal 2012 due to a rapid increase in demand. Although we have entered into contractual commitments to supply specified levels of products to some of our customers, we may not have sufficient levels of production capacity with all of our foundries. In addition, foundry capacity may not be available when we need it or at reasonable prices. We place our orders on the basis of our customers’ purchase orders or our forecast of customer demand, and the foundries can allocate capacity to the production of other companies’ products and reduce deliveries to us on short notice. It is possible that foundry customers that are

 

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larger and better financed than we are or that have long-term agreements with our main foundries may induce our foundries to reallocate capacity to those customers. This reallocation could impair our ability to secure the supply of components that we need. Moreover, if any of our third party foundry suppliers are unable to secure necessary raw materials from their suppliers, lose benefits under material agreements, experience power outages, lack sufficient capacity to manufacture our products, encounter financial difficulties or suffer any other disruption or reduction in efficiency, we may encounter supply delays or disruptions, which could harm our business or results of operations.

Despite our strategy to move to a dual source, we currently use several independent foundries to manufacture our semiconductor products, most of our products are not manufactured at more than one foundry at any given time, and our products typically are designed to be manufactured in a specific process at only one of these foundries. Accordingly, if one of our foundries is unable to provide us with components as needed, it may be difficult for us to transition the manufacture of our products to other foundries, and we could experience significant delays in securing sufficient supplies of those components. This could result in a material decline in revenues, net income and cash flow.

In order to secure sufficient foundry capacity when demand is high and mitigate the risks described in the foregoing paragraph, we may enter into various arrangements with suppliers that could be costly and harm our results of operations, such as non-refundable deposits with or loans to foundries in exchange for capacity commitments, and contracts that commit us to purchase specified quantities of integrated circuits over extended periods. We may not be able to make any such arrangement in a timely fashion or at all, and any arrangements may be costly, reduce our financial flexibility, and not be on terms favorable to us. Moreover, if we are able to secure foundry capacity, we may be obligated to use all of that capacity or incur penalties. These penalties may be expensive and could harm our financial results.

We are also subject to risk from fluctuating market prices of certain commodity raw materials, particularly gold, that are incorporated into our end products or used by our suppliers to manufacture our end products. Supplies for such commodities may from time-to-time become restricted, or general market factors and conditions may affect pricing of such commodities. Over the past few years, the price of gold increased significantly and certain of our supply chain partners assessed surcharges to compensate for the resultant increase in manufacturing costs. As a result, our gross margins have been adversely affected by significant increases in the price of gold. We are currently restructuring certain manufacturing processes to use copper instead of gold in our products. In transitioning from gold to copper, because the capacity of either wafer producers or assemblers can be limited from time to time, we may be unable to satisfy the demand of our customers, or may have to accept price increases or other compensation arrangements that increase our operating expenses and erode our gross margins. Our results may also be materially affected adversely if we fail to execute successfully or if we experience resistance from our customer base in the transition from gold to copper.

Uncertain Yields and Quality:

The fabrication of integrated circuits is a complex and technically demanding process. Our foundries have from time to time experienced manufacturing defects and reduced manufacturing yields. Changes in manufacturing processes or the inadvertent use of defective or contaminated materials by our foundries could result in lower than anticipated manufacturing yields or unacceptable performance. Many of these problems are difficult to detect at an early stage of the manufacturing process and may be time consuming and expensive to correct. Poor yields from our foundries, or defects, integration issues or other performance problems in our products could cause us significant customer relations and business reputation problems, harm our financial results and result in financial or other damages to our customers. Our customers could also seek damages from us for their losses. A product liability claim brought against us, even if unsuccessful, would likely be time consuming and costly to defend. In addition, defects in our existing or new products could result in significant warranty, support and repair costs, and divert the attention of our engineering personnel from our product development efforts.

 

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To the extent that we rely on outside suppliers to manufacture or assemble and test our products, we may have a reduced ability to control directly product delivery schedules and quality assurance. This lack of control may result in product shortages or quality assurance problems that could delay shipments of products or increase manufacturing, assembly, testing or other costs.

Our sales are concentrated in a few customers, and if we lose or experience a significant reduction in sales to any of these key customers, or if any of these key customers experience a significant decline in market share, our revenues may decrease substantially.

We receive a significant amount of our revenues from a limited number of customers. Net revenue from the three largest customers in each respective fiscal year combined represented 38%, 44% and 44% of our net revenue in fiscal 2012, fiscal 2011 and fiscal 2010, respectively. Sales to our largest customers have fluctuated significantly from period to period and year to year primarily due to the timing and number of design wins with each customer, natural disasters that may divert a customer’s operations, as well as the continued diversification of our customer base as we expand into new markets, and will likely continue to fluctuate in the future. The loss of any of our large customers or a significant reduction in sales we make to them would likely harm our financial condition and results of operations. Our operating results in the foreseeable future will continue to depend on sales to a relatively small number of customers, as well as the ability of these customers to sell products that incorporate our products. In the future, these customers may decide not to purchase our products at all, purchase fewer products than they did in the past, or alter their purchasing patterns in some other way, particularly because:

 

   

a significant portion of our sales are made on a purchase order basis, which permits our customers to cancel, change or delay product purchase commitments with relatively short notice to us;

 

   

our customers may purchase integrated circuits from our competitors;

 

   

our customers may discontinue sales or lose market share in the markets for which they purchase our products;

 

   

our customers may develop their own solutions; or

 

   

our customers may be subject to severe business disruptions.

We are subject to order and shipment uncertainties, and if we are unable to accurately predict customer demand, we may hold excess or obsolete inventory, which would reduce our gross margin; conversely, we may have insufficient inventory, which would result in lost revenue opportunities and potentially in loss of market share and damaged customer relationships.

We typically sell products pursuant to purchase orders rather than long-term purchase commitments. Customers can generally cancel or defer purchase orders on short notice without incurring a significant penalty. Due to their inability to predict demand or other reasons, some of our customers may accumulate excess inventories and, as a consequence, defer purchase of our products. We cannot accurately predict what or how many products our customers will need in the future. Anticipating demand is difficult because our customers face unpredictable demand for their own products and are increasingly focused more on cash preservation and tighter inventory management. In addition, as an increasing number of our chips are being incorporated into consumer products, we anticipate greater fluctuations in demand for our products, which makes it more difficult to forecast customer demand. We place orders with our suppliers based on forecasts of customer demand and, in some instances, may establish buffer inventories to accommodate anticipated demand. Our forecasts are based on multiple assumptions, each of which may introduce error into our estimates. For example, our ability to accurately forecast customer demand may be impaired by the delays inherent in our lengthy sales cycle. The sales cycle for many of our products is long and requires us to invest significant resources with each potential customer without any assurance of sales to that customer. Our sales cycle typically begins with an extended evaluation and test period, also known as qualification, during which our products undergo rigorous reliability

 

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testing by our customers. Qualification is typically followed by an extended development period by our customers and an additional three to nine month period before a customer commences volume production of equipment incorporating our products. This lengthy sales cycle creates the risk that our customers will decide to cancel or change product plans for products incorporating our integrated circuits prior to completion, which makes it even more difficult to forecast customer demand.

Our products are incorporated into complex devices and systems, which may create supply chain cross-dependencies. For example, in fiscal 2012, many areas of Thailand sustained massive damage from flooding, which disrupted the global supply chain for HDDs. Due to cross dependencies, any supply chain disruptions could negatively impact the demand for our products in the short term. We have a limited ability to predict the timing of a supply chain correction. In addition, the market share of our customers could be adversely impacted on a long-term basis due to any continued supply chain disruption, which could negatively affect our results of operations.

If we overestimate customer demand, our excess or obsolete inventory may increase significantly, which would reduce our gross margin and adversely affect our financial results. Conversely, if we underestimate customer demand or if insufficient manufacturing capacity is available, we would miss revenue opportunities and potentially lose market share and damage our customer relationships. In addition, any future significant cancellations or deferrals of product orders or the return of previously sold products could materially and adversely affect our profit margins, increase product obsolescence and restrict our ability to fund our operations.

If we fail to appropriately scale our operations in response to changes in demand for our existing products or to the demand for new products requested by our customers, our business and profitability could be materially and adversely affected.

To achieve our business objectives, it may be necessary from time to time for us to expand or contract our operations. In the future, we may not be able to scale our workforce and operations in a sufficiently timely manner to respond effectively to changes in demand for our existing products or to the demand for new products requested by our customers. In that event, we may be unable to meet competitive challenges or exploit potential market opportunities, and our current or future business could be materially and adversely affected. Conversely, if we expand our operations and workforce too rapidly in anticipation of increased demand for our products, and such demand does not materialize at the pace at which we expected, the rate of increase in our costs and operating expenses may exceed the rate of increase in our revenue, which would adversely affect our results of operations. In addition, if such demand does not materialize at the pace which we expect, we may be required to scale down our business through expense and headcount reductions as well as facility consolidations or closures that could result in restructuring charges that would materially and adversely affect our results of operations. For example, in order to reduce expenses in the challenging economic environment that began during the second half of fiscal 2009, in late fiscal 2009 and early in fiscal 2010, we implemented certain cost reduction measures to reduce operating expenses. Since that time we have hired a significant numbers of employees primarily in the research and development area. Because many of our expenses are fixed in the short-term or are incurred in advance of anticipated sales, we may not be able to decrease our expenses in a timely manner to offset any decrease in customer demand. If customer demand does not increase as anticipated, our profitability could be adversely affected due to our higher expense levels.

Our past growth has placed, and any future long-term growth is expected to continue to place, a significant strain on our management personnel, systems and resources. To implement our current business and product plans, we will need to continue to expand, train, manage and motivate our workforce. All of these endeavors will require substantial management effort. Although we have an enterprise resource planning system to help us improve our planning and management processes, we anticipate that we will also need to continue to implement and improve a variety of new and upgraded operational and financial systems, as well as additional procedures and other internal management systems. These systems can be time consuming and expensive to implement, increase management responsibilities and divert management attention. If we are unable to effectively manage

 

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our expanding operations, we may be unable to scale our business quickly enough to meet competitive challenges or exploit potential market opportunities, or conversely, we may scale our business too quickly and the rate of increase in our costs and expenses may exceed the rate of increase in our revenue, either of which would materially and adversely affect our results of operations.

If we are unable to develop and introduce new and enhanced products that achieve market acceptance in a timely and cost-effective manner, our results of operations and competitive position will be harmed.

Our future success will depend on our ability, in a timely and cost-effective manner, to develop and introduce new products and enhancements to our existing products. We sell products in markets that are characterized by rapid technological change, evolving industry standards, frequent new product introductions, short product life cycles and increasing demand for higher levels of integration and smaller process geometries. In addition, the development of new silicon devices is highly complex, and due to supply chain cross-dependencies and other issues, we may experience delays in completing the development, production and introduction of our new products. Our past sales and profitability have resulted, to a large extent, from our ability to anticipate changes in technology and industry standards and to develop and introduce new and enhanced products incorporating the new standards and technologies. Our ability to adapt to these changes and to anticipate future standards, and the rate of adoption and acceptance of those standards, will be a significant factor in maintaining or improving our competitive position and prospects for growth. If new industry standards emerge that we do not properly anticipate, our products or our customers’ products could become unmarketable or obsolete, and we could lose market share. We may also have to incur substantial unanticipated costs to comply with these new standards. In addition, our target markets continue to undergo rapid growth and consolidation. A significant slowdown in any of these markets could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Our success will also depend on the ability of our customers to develop new products and enhance existing products for the markets they serve and to introduce and promote those products successfully. Even if new and enhanced products are introduced to the market, we and our customers may not be able to achieve market acceptance of them in a timely manner.

In addition, our long-standing relationships with some of our larger customers may also deter other potential customers who compete with these customers from buying our products. To attract new customers or retain existing customers, we may offer certain customers certain price concessions, which could cause our average selling prices and gross margins to decline.

Costs related to defective products could have a material adverse effect on us.

We have experienced, from time to time, hardware and software defects and bugs associated with the introduction of our highly complex products. We cannot assure you that, despite our testing procedures, errors will not be found in new products or releases after commencement of commercial shipments in the future, which could result in loss of or delay in market acceptance of our products, material recall and replacement costs, delay in revenue recognition or loss of revenues, writing down the inventory of defective products, the diversion of the attention of our engineering personnel from product development efforts, our having to defend against litigation related to defective products or related property damage or personal injury, and damage to our reputation in the industry that could adversely affect our relationships with our customers. In addition, we may have difficulty identifying the end customers of the defective products in the field. As a result, we could incur substantial costs to implement modifications to correct defects. Any of these problems could materially adversely affect our results of operations.

Our gross margin and results of operations may be adversely affected in the future by a number of factors, including decreases in average selling prices of products over time and shifts in our product mix.

The products we develop and sell are primarily used for high volume applications. As a result, the prices of those products have historically decreased rapidly. In addition, more recently introduced products tend to have higher associated costs because of initial overall development and production ramp. Therefore, over time, we

 

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may not be able to maintain or improve our gross margins. Our financial results could suffer if we are unable to offset any reductions in our average selling prices by other cost reductions through efficiencies, introduction of higher margin products and other means.

Moreover, because of the wide price differences across the markets we serve, the mix and types of performance capabilities of our products sold may affect the average selling prices of our products and have a substantial impact on our revenue and gross margin. Fluctuations in the mix and types of our products may also affect the extent to which we are able to recover the fixed costs and investments associated with a particular product, and as a result can harm our financial results.

Additionally, because we do not operate our own manufacturing, assembly or testing facilities, we may not be able to reduce our costs as rapidly as companies that operate their own facilities, and our costs may even increase, which could also reduce our gross margins. In the past, we have reduced the average selling prices of our products in anticipation of future competitive pricing pressures, new product introductions by us or by our competitors and other factors. We expect that we will have to do so again in the future.

We may experience difficulties in transitioning to smaller geometry process technologies or in achieving higher levels of design integration, which may result in reduced manufacturing yields, delays in product deliveries and increased expenses.

In order to remain competitive, we expect to continue to transition our semiconductor products to increasingly smaller line width geometries. This transition requires us to modify the manufacturing processes for our products and to redesign some products. We periodically evaluate the benefits, on a product-by-product basis, of migrating to smaller geometry process technologies to reduce our costs. In the past, we have experienced some difficulties in shifting to smaller geometry process technologies or new manufacturing processes, which resulted in reduced manufacturing yields, delays in product deliveries and increased expenses. We may face similar difficulties, delays and expenses as we continue to transition our products to smaller geometry processes. We are dependent on our relationships with our foundry subcontractors to transition to smaller geometry processes successfully. We cannot assure you that the foundries that we use will be able to effectively manage the transition or that we will be able to maintain our existing foundry relationships or develop new ones. If we or any of our foundry subcontractors experience significant delays in this transition or fail to efficiently implement this transition, we could experience reduced manufacturing yields, delays in product deliveries and increased expenses, all of which could harm our relationships with our customers and our results of operations. As smaller geometry processes become more prevalent, we expect to continue to integrate greater levels of functionality, as well as customer and third party intellectual property, into our products. However, we may not be able to achieve higher levels of design integration or deliver new integrated products on a timely basis, if at all. Moreover, even if we are able to achieve higher levels of design integration, such integration may have a short-term adverse impact on our results of operations, as we may reduce our revenue by integrating the functionality of multiple chips into a single chip.

As a result of our global operations, we face additional risks, which may harm our results of operations, because a majority of our products and our customers’ products are manufactured and sold outside of the United States.

A substantial portion of our business is conducted outside of the United States and, as a result, we are subject to foreign business, political and economic risks. All of our products are manufactured outside of the United States. Our current qualified integrated circuit foundries are located in the same region within Taiwan, and our primary assembly and test subcontractors are located in the Pacific Rim region. In addition, many of our customers are located outside of the United States, primarily in Asia, which further exposes us to foreign risks. Sales to customers located in Asia represented approximately 88% of our net revenue in fiscal 2012, 81% of our net revenue in fiscal 2011 and 89% of our net revenue in fiscal 2010.

 

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We also have substantial operations outside of the U.S. These operations are directly influenced by the political and economic conditions of the region in which they are located, and with respect to Israel, possible military hostilities that could affect our operations there. We anticipate that our manufacturing, assembly, testing and sales outside of the United States will continue to account for a substantial portion of our operations and revenue in future periods. Accordingly, we are subject to risks associated with international operations, including:

 

   

political, social and economic instability, including wars, terrorism, political unrest, boycotts, curtailment of trade and other business restrictions;

 

   

compliance with domestic and foreign export and import regulations, and difficulties in obtaining and complying with domestic and foreign export, import and other governmental approvals, permits and licenses;

 

   

compliance with foreign laws, and laws and practices that favor local companies;

 

   

difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations;

 

   

natural disasters;

 

   

trade restrictions or higher tariffs;

 

   

transportation delays;

 

   

difficulties of managing distributors;

 

   

less effective protection of intellectual property than is afforded to us in the United States or other developed countries;

 

   

inadequate local infrastructure; and

 

   

exposure to local banking, currency control and other financial-related risks.

The sudden disruption of the supply chain and/or the manufacture of our customer’s products caused by any of the foregoing risks could impact our results of operations by impairing our ability to timely and efficiently deliver our products. During fiscal 2012, the earthquake and tsunami that affected Japan disrupted the global supply chain for certain components important to our products and the flooding in Thailand affected the supply chain and manufacturing of the products for a number of our customers.

Moreover, the international nature of our business subjects us to risk associated with the fluctuation of the U.S. dollar versus foreign currencies. Decreases in the value of the U.S. dollar versus currencies in jurisdictions where we have large fixed costs or our third party manufacturers have significant cost will increase the cost of such operations, which could harm our results of operations. For example, we have large fixed costs in Israel, which will become greater if the U.S. dollar declines in value versus the Israeli shekel. On the other hand, substantially all of our sales have been denominated in U.S. dollars.

We have made and may continue to make acquisitions and investments, which could divert management’s attention, cause ownership dilution to our shareholders, be difficult to integrate and adversely affect our results of operations and share price.

We expect to continue to make acquisitions of, and investments in, businesses that offer complementary products and technologies, augment our end market coverage, or enhance our technological capabilities. We may also enter into strategic alliances or joint ventures to achieve these goals. We cannot assure you that we will be able to identify suitable acquisition, investment, alliance or joint venture opportunities in the future, or that we will be able to consummate any such transactions or relationships on terms and conditions acceptable to us, or that such transactions or relationships will be successful.

 

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Integrating newly acquired businesses or technologies typically entails many risks that could put a strain on our resources, could be costly and time consuming, and might not be successful. In addition, any acquisitions could materially harm our results of operations or liquidity as a result of either the issuance of dilutive equity securities, new debt or contingent liabilities, or payment of cash. Moreover, such acquisitions could divert our management’s attention from other business concerns and also result in customer dissatisfaction. In addition, we might lose key employees of the newly acquired organizations during the acquisition process. The acquisition of another company or its products and technologies may also require us to enter into a geographic or business market in which we have little or no prior experience.

We are exposed to potential impairment charges on certain assets.

We had approximately $2.0 billion of goodwill and $141.5 million of intangible assets on our balance sheet as of January 28, 2012. Under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), we are required to review our intangible assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of these assets may not be recoverable. We perform an annual assessment of goodwill at the beginning of our fiscal fourth quarter and we also assess the impairment of goodwill on an interim basis whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of such assets may not be recoverable. If the businesses acquired fail to meet our expectations set out at the time of the acquisition or if our market capitalization adjusted for control premiums and other factors declines to below our carrying value, we could incur significant goodwill or intangible impairment charges, which could negatively impact our financial results. In addition, from time to time, we have made investments in other private companies. If the companies that we invest in are unable to execute their plans and succeed in their respective markets, we may not benefit from such investments, and we could potentially lose the amounts we invest. We evaluate our investment portfolio on a regular basis to determine if impairments have occurred. Impairment charges could have a material impact on our results of operations in any period.

We rely on third party distributors and manufacturers’ representatives and the failure of these distributors and manufacturers’ representatives to perform as expected could reduce our future sales.

From time to time, we enter into relationships with distributors and manufacturers’ representatives to sell our products, and we are unable to predict the extent to which these partners will be successful in marketing and selling our products. Moreover, many of our distributors and manufacturers’ representatives also market and sell competing products, and may terminate their relationships with us at any time. Our future performance will also depend, in part, on our ability to attract additional distributors or manufacturers’ representatives that will be able to market and support our products effectively, especially in markets in which we have not previously distributed our products. If we cannot retain or attract quality distributors or manufacturers’ representatives, our sales and results of operations will be harmed.

Changes in financial accounting standards or practices or existing taxation rules or practices may adversely affect our financial results.

Changes in financial accounting standards or practices or changes in existing taxation rules or practices may have a significant effect on our reported results. New accounting pronouncements and taxation rules and varying interpretations of accounting pronouncements and taxation practice have occurred and may occur in the future. For example, the U.S. Congress may consider legislation affecting the taxation of foreign corporations and such legislation if enacted might adversely affect our future tax liabilities and have a material impact on our results of operations. Changes to existing rules or the questioning of current practices by regulators may adversely affect our reported financial results or the way we conduct our business or cause our stock price to decline.

 

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Tax benefits that we receive may be terminated or reduced in the future, which would harm our results of operations and profitability.

In prior years, we have entered into agreements with the local governments in certain foreign jurisdictions where we have significant operations to provide us with favorable tax rates in those jurisdictions if certain criteria are met.

We have obtained from the Minister of Finance of Bermuda under the Exempt Undertakings Tax Protection Act 1966, as amended, an undertaking that, in the event Bermuda enacts legislation imposing tax computed on profits, income, or capital asset, gain or appreciation, then the imposition of any such taxes will not apply to us until March 28, 2016. We cannot assure that any future elected Government of Bermuda would not amend the Exempted Undertaking Tax Protection Act 1966 such that tax would be imposed in Bermuda, however, that Act has recently been amended to provide that exempted companies can obtain a further assurance, which extends the tax relief until March 31, 2035. We intend to apply for such extension in fiscal 2013.

The Economic Development Board of Singapore (the “EDB”) granted Pioneer Status to our wholly-owned subsidiary in Singapore in July 1999. This tax exemption was to expire after ten years, but the EDB in June 2006 agreed to extend the term to 15 years. As a result, we anticipate that a significant portion of the income we earn in Singapore during this period will be exempt from the Singapore income tax. We are required to meet several requirements as to investment, headcount and activities in Singapore to retain this status.

Under the Israeli Encouragement law of “approved or benefited enterprise,” two branches of Marvell Israel (“MISL”), the GTL branch and the cellular branch (formerly Marvell DSPC), are entitled to a beneficial tax program that includes reduced tax rates and exemption of certain income. The first program was approved for MISL in 1995 and the most recent was approved in 2003. Marvell DSPC has five approved programs, with the first approved in 1990 and the most recent benefited enterprise approved in 2010. The benefit period is generally 10 to 15 years and begins in the first year in which our Israeli divisions earn taxable income from the approved or benefited enterprises, provided the maximum period has not elapsed. Income from the approved or benefited enterprises is subject to reduced tax rates ranging between 0% and 10% or tax exemptions for fiscal 2008 through 2020. A new amendment to the Encouragement law, which was approved by the Israeli government in December 2011, came into effect January 1, 2012. MISL and DSPC will not apply the new amendment to the Encouragement law prior to fiscal 2023.

During fiscal 2007, our Switzerland subsidiary received a ten-year Federal and Cantonal tax holiday on revenues from research and design and wafer supply trading activities that will expire in 2016. In fiscal 2011, we met the requirements of the initial five year period and we will receive the ongoing tax holiday benefits provided that we continue to meet the ongoing requirements.

If any of our tax agreements in any of these foreign jurisdictions were terminated, our results of our operations and profitability would be harmed.

We may be unable to protect our intellectual property, which would negatively affect our ability to compete.

We believe one of our key competitive advantages results from our collection of proprietary technologies that we have developed and acquired since our inception. If we fail to protect these intellectual property rights, competitors could sell products based on technology that we have developed that could harm our competitive position and decrease our revenues. We believe that the protection of our intellectual property rights is and will continue to be important to the success of our business. We rely on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret laws, as well as nondisclosure agreements and other methods, to protect our proprietary technologies. We also enter into confidentiality or license agreements with our employees, consultants and business partners, and control access to and distribution of our documentation and other proprietary information. We have been issued several U.S. and foreign patents and have a number of pending U.S. and foreign patent applications. However, a patent may not be issued as a result of any applications or, if issued, claims allowed

 

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may not be sufficiently broad to protect our technology. In addition, it is possible that existing or future patents may be challenged, invalidated or circumvented. Despite our efforts, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy or otherwise obtain and use our products or proprietary technology. Monitoring unauthorized use of our technology is difficult, and the steps that we have taken may not prevent unauthorized use of our technology, particularly in foreign countries where the laws may not protect our proprietary rights as fully as in the United States. If our patents do not adequately protect our technology, our competitors may be able to offer products similar to ours, which would adversely impact our business and results of operations.

Certain of our software (as well as that of our customers) may be derived from so-called “open source” software that is generally made available to the public by its authors and/or other third parties. Open source software is often made available under licenses, which impose certain obligations on us in the event we were to distribute derivative works of the open source software. These obligations may require us to make source code for the derivative works available to the public, and/or license such derivative works under a particular type of license, rather than the forms of license customarily used to protect our intellectual property. While we believe we have complied with our obligations under the various applicable licenses for open source software, in the event that the copyright holder of any open source software were to successfully establish in court that we had not complied with the terms of a license for a particular work, we could be required to release the source code of that work to the public and/or stop distribution of that work.

We may become involved with costly and lengthy litigation involving our patents and other intellectual property, which could subject us to liability, require us to indemnify our customers, require us to obtain or renew licenses, stop selling our products or force us to redesign our products.

Litigation involving patents and other intellectual property is widespread in the high-technology industry and is particularly prevalent in the semiconductor industry, where a number of companies and other entities aggressively bring numerous infringement claims to assert their patent portfolios. From time to time our subsidiaries and customers receive, and may continue to receive in the future, notices that allege claims of infringement, misappropriation or misuse of the intellectual property rights of third parties. For example, in recent years, multiple claims have been made against our subsidiaries and our customers related to standards-based technologies such as wireless LAN. In addition, we have had certain patent licenses with third parties that have not been renewed, and if we cannot successfully renew these licenses, our subsidiaries and customers could face claims of infringement. These claims could result in litigation and/or claims for indemnification, which, in turn, could subject us to significant liability for damages, attorneys fees and costs. Any potential intellectual property litigation also could force us to do one or more of the following:

 

   

stop selling, offering for sale, making, having made or exporting products or using technology that contains the allegedly infringing intellectual property;

 

   

limit or restrict the type of work that employees involved in such litigation may perform for us;

 

   

pay substantial damages and/or license fees and/or royalties to the party claiming infringement that could adversely impact our liquidity or operating results;

 

   

attempt to obtain or renew licenses to the relevant intellectual property, which licenses may not be available on reasonable terms or at all; and

 

   

attempt to redesign those products that contain the allegedly infringing intellectual property.

We may also be required to indemnify some customers under our contracts if a third party alleges, or a court finds, that our products have infringed upon the proprietary rights of other parties. From time to time, we have agreed to indemnify select customers for claims made against our products, where such claims allege infringement of third party intellectual property rights, including, but not limited to, patents, registered trademarks and/or copyrights.

 

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We have been named as a party to several lawsuits and we may be named in additional litigation in the future, all of which could result in an unfavorable outcome and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and the trading price for our securities.

We have been named as a party to several lawsuits and we may be named in additional litigation in the future. Please see “Note 12 — Commitments and Contingencies” of our notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a more detailed description of a number of the litigation matters we are currently engaged in. Under certain circumstances, we have contractual and other legal obligations to indemnify and to incur legal expenses on behalf of current and former directors and officers for these lawsuits. In addition, due to the high volatility of our stock price, we may be vulnerable to securities class action litigation. In addition, as a result of a prior SEC settlement, we forfeited for three years our ability to invoke the “safe harbor” for forward-looking statements provided by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Because we could not benefit from the statutory safe harbor from June 2008 through June 2011, it may be more difficult for us to defend against any future claims based on any forward-looking statements issued during that timeframe.

The ultimate outcome of any litigation could have a material adverse effect on our business and the trading price for our securities. Litigation may be time-consuming, expensive, and disruptive to normal business operations, and the outcome of litigation is difficult to predict. The defense of these lawsuits may result in significant expenditures and the continued diversion of our management’s time and attention from the operation of our business, which could impede our business. In the event we were to receive an unfavorable outcome in any lawsuit, our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and the trading price of our securities may be materially and adversely affected.

We depend on key personnel to manage our business, and if we are unable to retain our current personnel and hire additional personnel, our ability to develop and successfully market our products could be harmed.

We believe our future success will depend in large part upon our ability to attract and retain highly skilled managerial, engineering, sales and marketing personnel. The loss of key employees or the inability to attract qualified personnel, including hardware and software engineers and sales and marketing personnel could delay the development and introduction of and harm our ability to sell our products. We typically do not enter into employment agreements with any of our key technical personnel, and their knowledge of our business and industry would be extremely difficult to replace.

The competition for qualified technical personnel with significant experience in the design, development, manufacturing, marketing and sales of integrated circuits is intense. Our key technical personnel represent a significant asset and serve as the source of our technological and product innovations. We may not be successful in attracting and retaining sufficient numbers of technical personnel to develop new products or enhance existing products in a timely manner.

If our internal control over financial reporting or disclosure controls and procedures are not effective, there may be errors in our financial statements that could require a restatement or our filings may not be filed on a timely basis and investors may lose confidence in our reported financial information, which could lead to a decline in our stock price.

We believe that effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports and effectively prevent fraud. Any inability to provide reliable financial reports or prevent fraud could harm our business. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires management and our auditors to evaluate and assess the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, as of the end of each year. Our management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in each Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

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Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our internal control over financial reporting will prevent all error and all fraud. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision making can be faulty, breakdowns can occur because of simple errors, and errors discovered by personnel within control systems may not be properly disclosed and addressed. Controls can also be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. In addition, we are consistently evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of our internal controls, a process which sometimes leads to modifications in such controls. These modifications could affect the overall effectiveness or evaluation of the control system in the future by us or our independent registered public accounting firm. The design of any system of controls is based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and we cannot assure you that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

Two of our officers and directors own a large percentage of our voting stock, and, together with another employee who is also a significant shareholder, are related by blood or marriage. These factors may allow the officers and directors as a group or the three related employees to influence the election of directors and the approval or disapproval of significant corporate actions.

Dr. Sehat Sutardja, our President and Chief Executive Officer, and Weili Dai, who serves as the Vice President and General Manager of Communications and Consumer Business of Marvell Semiconductor, Inc, are husband and wife, and Dr. Sehat Sutardja and Dr. Pantas Sutardja, our Vice President, Chief Technology Officer and Chief Research and Development Officer, are brothers. Together, these three individuals held approximately 18% of our outstanding common shares as of January 28, 2012. As a result, if these individuals act together, they may influence the election of our directors and the approval or disapproval of any significant corporate actions that require shareholder approval. This influence over our affairs might be adverse to the interests of other shareholders. For example, the voting power of these individuals could have the effect of delaying or preventing an acquisition of us on terms that other shareholders may desire.

Under Bermuda law, all of our officers, in exercising their powers and discharging their duties, must act honestly and in good faith with a view to our best interests and exercise the care, diligence and skill that a reasonably prudent person would exercise in comparable circumstances. Majority shareholders do not owe fiduciary duties to minority shareholders. As a result, the minority shareholders will not have a direct claim against the majority shareholders in the event the majority shareholders take actions that damage the interests of minority shareholders. Class actions are generally not available to shareholders under the laws of Bermuda. Derivative actions may be available in certain circumstances, which would permit a shareholder to bring an action in our name if the directors or officers are alleged to be acting beyond our corporate power, committing illegal acts or violating our Memorandum of Association or Third Amended and Restated Bye-Laws (“Bye-Laws”). Furthermore, consideration would be given by a Bermuda court to acts that are alleged to constitute a fraud against the minority shareholders or, for example, where an act requiring the approval of a greater percentage of the company’s shareholders than those who actually approved it.

The Companies Act 1981 of Bermuda, as amended, provides that when one or more shareholders believes the affairs of a company are being conducted in a manner which is prejudicial to the interest of some of the shareholders, a Bermuda court, upon petition, may make such order as it sees fit, including an order regulating the conduct of the company’s affairs in the future or ordering the purchase of the shares of any shareholders by other shareholders or by the company, and in the case of a purchase of the shares by the company, for the reduction accordingly of the company’s capital or otherwise.

 

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We rely upon the performance of our information technology systems to process, transmit, store and protect electronic information, and the failure of any critical information technology system may result in serious harm to our reputation, business, results of operations and/or financial condition.

We are heavily dependent on our technology infrastructure and maintain and rely upon certain critical information systems for the effective operation of our business. These information technology systems include telecommunications, the Internet, our corporate intranet, various computer hardware and software applications, network communications and e-mail. These information technology systems are subject to damage or interruption from a number of potential sources including natural disasters, viruses, destructive or inadequate code, malware, power failures, cyber attacks, and other events. To the extent that these information systems are under our control, we have implemented security procedures, such as virus protection software and emergency recovery processes, to address the outlined risks. We may incur significant costs in order to implement, maintain and/or update security systems that we feel are necessary to protect our information systems. A material breach in the security of our information systems could include the theft of our intellectual property or trade secrets, negatively impact our operations, or result in the compromise of personal and confidential information of our employees, customers or suppliers. While we believe that our information technology systems are appropriately controlled and that we have processes in place to adequately mitigate these risks, security procedures for information systems cannot be guaranteed to be failsafe. To the extent that any system failure, accident or security breach results in disruptions or interruptions to our operations or the theft, loss or disclosure of, or damage to our data or confidential information, our reputation, business, results of operations and/or financial condition could be materially adversely affected. In addition, a miscalculation of the level of investment needed to ensure our technology solutions are current and up-to-date as technology advances and evolves could result in disruptions in our business should the software, hardware, or maintenance of such items become out-of-date or obsolete. Furthermore, when we implement new systems and/or upgrade existing systems, there is a risk that our business may be temporarily disrupted during the period of implementation.

We are subject to the risks of owning real property.

Our buildings in Santa Clara, California, Singapore, Etoy, Switzerland and Shanghai, China subject us to the risks of owning real property, which include:

 

   

the possibility of environmental contamination and the costs associated with fixing any environmental problems;

 

   

adverse changes in the value of these properties, due to interest rate changes, changes in the neighborhood in which the property is located, or other factors;

 

   

the possible need for structural improvements in order to comply with zoning, seismic and other legal or regulatory requirements;

 

   

the potential disruption of our business and operations arising from or connected with a relocation due to moving to or renovating the facility;

 

   

increased cash commitments for improvements to the buildings or the property or both;

 

   

increased operating expenses for the buildings or the property or both;

 

   

possible disputes with tenants or other third parties related to the buildings or the property or both; and

 

   

the risk of financial loss in excess of amounts covered by insurance, or uninsured risks, such as the loss caused by damage to the buildings as a result of earthquakes, floods and or other natural disasters.

As we carry only limited insurance coverage, any incurred liability resulting from uncovered claims could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Our insurance policies may not be adequate to fully offset losses from covered incidents, and we do not have coverage for certain losses. For example, there is very limited coverage available with respect to the services provided by our third party foundries and assembly and test subcontractors. In the event of a natural

 

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disaster (such as an earthquake or Tsunami), political or military turmoil, widespread health issues or other significant disruptions to their operations, insurance may not adequately protect us from this exposure. We believe our existing insurance coverage is consistent with common practice, economic considerations, and availability considerations. If our insurance coverage is insufficient to protect us against unforeseen catastrophic losses, any uncovered losses could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

We are incorporated in Bermuda, and, as a result, it may not be possible for our shareholders to enforce civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States. In addition, our Bye-Laws contain a waiver of claims or rights of action by our shareholders against our officers and directors, which will severely limit our shareholders’ right to assert a claim against our officers and directors under Bermuda law.

We are organized under the laws of Bermuda. As a result, it may not be possible for our shareholders to affect service of process within the United States upon us, or to enforce against us in United States courts judgments based on the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States. There is significant doubt as to whether the courts of Bermuda would recognize or enforce judgments of United States courts obtained against us or our directors or officers based on the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state or hear actions brought in Bermuda against us or those persons based on those laws. The United States and Bermuda do not currently have a treaty providing for the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters. Therefore, a final judgment for the payment of money rendered by any federal or state court in the United States based on civil liability, whether or not based solely on United States federal or state securities laws, would not be automatically enforceable in Bermuda.

Our Bye-Laws contain a broad waiver by our shareholders of any claim or right of action, both individually and on our behalf, against any of our officers and directors. The waiver applies to any action taken by an officer or director, or the failure of an officer or director to take any action, in the performance of his or her duties with or for us, other than with respect to any matter involving any fraud or dishonesty on the part of the officer or director or to any matter arising under U.S. securities laws. This waiver will limit the rights of our shareholders to assert claims against our officers and directors unless the act complained of involves fraud or dishonesty. Therefore, so long as acts of business judgment do not involve fraud or dishonesty, they will not be subject to shareholder claims under Bermuda law. For example, shareholders will not have claims against officers and directors for a breach of trust, unless the breach rises to the level of fraud or dishonesty.

Our Bye-Laws contain provisions that could delay or prevent a change in corporate control, even if the change in corporate control would benefit our shareholders.

Our Bye-Laws contain change in corporate control provisions, which include:

 

   

authorizing the issuance of preferred stock without shareholder approval;

 

   

providing for a classified board of directors; and

 

   

requiring a vote of two-thirds of votes cast in person or by proxy to approve any change of corporate control in the event the action is not approved by at least 662/3% of the directors holding office at the date of the Board meeting to approve the action.

These change in corporate control provisions could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us, even if doing so would be a benefit to our shareholders. However, in calendar year 2011, we began phasing out our classified board of directors and by calendar year 2013 all directors will be subject to annual election.

 

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

 

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Item 2. Properties

Our U.S. headquarters, housing research and design functions as well as elements of sales, marketing, administration and operations, is located in Santa Clara, California. We own the Santa Clara facility, which consists of approximately 993,000 square feet on 33.8 acres of land. We also own buildings in China, Singapore and Switzerland which are used for operations, research and design, sales, marketing and administrative functions.

In addition to these properties, we lease approximately 361,000 square feet in Israel for research and design, administration and operations, for which the lease term expires in August 2025. We also lease smaller facilities in Bermuda, Canada, China, Finland, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, Korea, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, Taiwan, the United Kingdom and the United States, which are occupied by administrative, sales, design and field application personnel. We also lease a building in California, totaling approximately 41,000 square feet, which is currently subleased to tenants as of January 28, 2012.

Based upon our estimates of future hiring, we believe that our current facilities in most locations will be adequate to meet our requirements at least through the next fiscal year. In certain locations where we have plans to hire a significant amount of employees, such as China, we may need to obtain additional facilities.

 

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

The information set forth under “Note 12 — Commitments and Contingencies” of our notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference. For additional discussion of certain risks associated with legal proceedings, please see Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” above.

 

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable.

 

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PART II

 

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Market Information

Our common shares are traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “MRVL.” Our common shares began trading on June 27, 2000, upon completion of our initial public offering. The following table shows for the periods indicated the high and low closing market prices for our common shares on the NASDAQ Global Select Market and reflects all stock splits to date.

 

     Fiscal Year 2012      Fiscal Year 2011  
     High      Low      High      Low  

First Quarter

   $ 20.24       $ 15.24       $ 22.58       $ 17.98   

Second Quarter

   $ 16.24       $ 13.21       $ 20.79       $ 14.87   

Third Quarter

   $ 15.67       $ 11.94       $ 19.28       $ 14.51   

Fourth Quarter

   $ 16.02       $ 13.14       $ 21.89       $ 18.12   

As of March 16, 2012, the approximate number of record holders of our common shares was 198 (not including beneficial owners of stock held in street name).

 

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Stock Price Performance Graph

This performance graph shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or incorporated by reference into any filings under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.

The graph below compares the cumulative total shareholder return of our common shares with the cumulative total return of the S&P 500 Index and the Philadelphia Semiconductor Index since January 27, 2007 through January 28, 2012. The graph assumes that $100 was invested on January 27, 2007 in our common shares and on January 27, 2007 in each index and that any dividends were reinvested. No cash dividends have been declared on our common shares since our initial public offering in 2000. Shareholder returns over the indicated periods should not be considered indicative of future stock prices or shareholder returns.

 

LOGO

 

     1/27/07      2/2/08      1/31/09      1/30/10      1/29/11      1/28/12  

Marvell Technology Group Ltd.

     100.00         67.09         38.33         91.64         100.74         83.02   

S&P 500

     100.00         97.69         59.95         79.82         97.53         101.64   

PHLX Semiconductor

     100.00         92.75         55.48         86.78         115.55         118.28   

Dividends

We have never declared or paid a cash dividend on our common shares. Any future determination with respect to the declaration and payment of dividends will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors.

 

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Equity Compensation Plan Information

Information regarding the securities authorized for issuance under our equity compensation plans can be found under Part III, Item 12 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the caption “Equity Compensation Plan Information.”

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

None.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table presents details of our repurchases during the three months ended January 28, 2012 (in thousands, except per share data):

 

Period

  Total Number of
Shares Purchased
    Average Price
Paid per Share
    Total Number of Shares
Purchased as Part of
Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs
    Approximated
Dollar Value of
Shares that May
Yet Be
Purchased Under
the Plans or
Programs (1)
 

October 30 – November 26, 2011

    8,473      $ 14.10        8,473      $ 138,665   

November 27 – December 24, 2011

    4,891      $ 13.45        4,891      $ 572,889   

December 25, 2011 – January 28, 2012

    89      $ 13.98        89      $ 571,638   
 

 

 

     

 

 

   

Total

    13,453      $ 13.86        13,453      $ 571,638   
 

 

 

     

 

 

   

 

(1) Our board of directors had initially authorized our current share repurchase program to repurchase up to $500 million of our outstanding common shares in fiscal 2011 and in fiscal 2012 increased the authorization by up to an additional $1.5 billion, including $500 million authorized on December 14, 2011. This increased the total number of shares authorized for repurchase to $2.0 billion. We intend to effect the repurchase program in accordance with the conditions of Rule 10b-18 under the Exchange Act. The repurchase program will be subject to market conditions and other factors and does not obligate us to repurchase any dollar amount or number of our common shares. The program may be extended, modified, suspended or discontinued at any time. We may make repurchases in open market or privately negotiated transactions in order to effect our repurchases. Subsequent to the end of fiscal 2012 and through March 16, 2012, we repurchased an additional 5.2 million common shares for $77.9 million at an average price per share of $15.12, bringing our total repurchases under the share repurchase program to $1.51 billion.

 

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Item 6. Selected Financial Data

The following selected consolidated financial data should be read together with Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” contained elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

    January 28,
2012 (1)
    January 29,
2011 (2)
    January 30,
2010 (3)
    January 31,
2009 (4)
    February 2,
2008 (5)
 
    (In thousands, except per share amounts)  

Consolidated Statement of Operations Data:

         

Net revenue

  $ 3,393,040      $ 3,611,893      $ 2,807,687      $ 2,950,563      $ 2,894,693   

Cost of goods sold

  $ 1,465,805      $ 1,473,274      $ 1,227,096      $ 1,426,624      $ 1,497,796   

Research and development

  $ 1,013,678      $ 897,578      $ 828,176      $ 935,272      $ 994,202   

Operating income (loss)

  $ 604,146      $ 901,192      $ 334,115      $ 165,176      $ (105,590

Net income (loss)

  $ 615,091      $ 904,129      $ 353,456      $ 147,242      $ (114,427
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Basic net income (loss) per share

  $ 1.01      $ 1.39      $ 0.57      $ 0.24      $ (0.19

Diluted net income (loss) per share

  $ 0.99      $ 1.34      $ 0.54      $ 0.23      $ (0.19

Weighted average shares — basic

    607,857        648,347        623,934        608,747        590,308   

Weighted average shares — diluted

    623,268        676,878        653,741        630,328        590,308   

Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:

         

Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and short-term investments

  $ 2,246,498      $ 2,930,030      $ 1,796,717      $ 951,909      $ 630,902   

Working capital

  $ 2,489,407      $ 3,071,961      $ 1,913,658      $ 1,150,667      $ 920,529   

Total assets

  $ 5,767,619      $ 6,338,157      $ 5,170,940      $ 4,414,200      $ 4,550,594   

Term loan and capital lease obligations, net of current portion

  $ —        $ —        $ 511      $ 2,451      $ 394,988   

Total shareholders’ equity

  $ 5,014,018      $ 5,521,869      $ 4,417,979      $ 3,829,067      $ 3,411,519   

Number of employees

    6,970        5,893        5,241        5,552        5,331   

 

(1) Fiscal 2012 includes $6.7 million for litigation settlements and assessments of payroll taxes on employee benefits in certain jurisdictions.
(2) Fiscal 2011 includes $8.5 million for litigation settlements.
(3) Fiscal 2010 includes a $72.0 million charge in connection with the settlement of a class action litigation. This is offset by a $27.3 million benefit in fiscal 2010 resulting from the expiration of the statute of limitations related to a tax contingency reserve, in addition to a $5.3 million income tax benefit related to the adjustment of a prior year deferred tax asset.
(4) In fiscal 2009, we wrote-off $15.6 million of intangible assets that were determined to be impaired due to declining revenue from products acquired and to a delay in the deployment of technology within a certain industry.
(5) In fiscal 2008, we wrote-off $7.2 million of intangible assets that were determined to be impaired due to declining revenue from products acquired. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008, we recorded a restructuring charge of $7.9 million related to a worldwide reduction in force implemented primarily to reduce operating expenses. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008, we recorded a one-time benefit of $22.1 million in other income related to the true-up of credits under the supply agreement with Intel to reflect differences in the original estimate and actual product mix and yields.

 

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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. This discussion may contain forward-looking statements based upon current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties including those discussed under Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors.” These risks and uncertainties may cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements.

Overview

We are a leading global semiconductor provider of high-performance application-specific standard products. Our core strength of expertise is the development of complex SoC devices leveraging our extensive portfolio of technology intellectual property in the areas of analog, mixed-signal, digital signal processing and embedded ARM-based microprocessor integrated circuits. We also develop platforms that we define as integrated hardware along with software that incorporates digital computing technologies designed and configured to provide an optimized computing solution compared to individual components. Our broad product portfolio includes devices for data storage, enterprise-class Ethernet data switching, Ethernet PHY, mobile handsets and other consumer electronics, wireless networking, personal area networking, Ethernet-based PC connectivity, control plane communications controllers, video-image processing and power management solutions. Our products serve diverse applications used in carrier, metropolitan, enterprise and PC-client data communications and storage systems. Additionally, we serve the consumer electronics market for the convergence of voice, video and data applications. We are a fabless integrated circuit company, which means that we rely on independent, third party contractors to perform manufacturing, assembly and test functions. This approach allows us to focus on designing, developing and marketing our products and significantly reduces the amount of capital we need to invest in manufacturing products.

Historically, a small number of customers have accounted for a significant portion of our net revenue. One customer, Western Digital, accounted for more than 10% of our net revenue in fiscal 2012, and two customers represented more than 10% of our net revenue in fiscal 2011 and 2010. Western Digital represented 19%, 21%, and 24% of our net revenue in fiscal 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Research in Motion represented 14% of net revenue in fiscal 2011. Toshiba represented 15% of net revenue in fiscal 2010. Subsequent to our fiscal 2012, Western Digital acquired Hitachi’s HDD unit. If this acquisition had occurred at the beginning of fiscal 2012, Western Digital would have represented 24% of net revenue. During fiscal 2012, Seagate acquired the HDD operations of Samsung. If this acquisition had occurred at the beginning of fiscal 2012, Seagate would have represented 11% of total revenue. Also, in fiscal 2012, one distributor accounted for more than 10% of our net revenue. In fiscal 2011 and 2010, no distributor accounted for more than 10% of our net revenue. We expect to continue to experience significant customer concentration in future periods. In addition, most of our sales are made to customers located outside of the United States, primarily in Asia. Sales to customers in Asia represented approximately 88%, 81% and 89% of our net revenue for fiscal 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Because many manufacturers and manufacturing subcontractors of our customers are located in Asia, we expect that most of our net revenue will continue to be represented by sales to our customers in that region. All of our sales to date have been denominated in U.S. dollars.

An increasing number of our products are being incorporated into consumer electronics products, including gaming devices, which are subject to significant seasonality and fluctuations in demand. Due to holiday and back to school buying trends, these seasonal demand patterns generally will negatively impact our results in the first and fourth quarter and positively impact our results in the second and third quarter of our fiscal years.

A relatively large portion of our sales have historically been made on the basis of purchase orders rather than long-term agreements. In addition, the sales cycle for our products is long, which may cause us to experience a delay between the time we incur expenses and the time revenue is generated from these

 

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expenditures. We anticipate that the rate of new orders may vary significantly from quarter to quarter. Consequently, if anticipated sales and shipments in any quarter do not occur when expected, expenses and inventory levels could be disproportionately high, and our operating results for that quarter and future quarters may be adversely affected.

Our fiscal year is the 52- or 53-week period ending on the Saturday closest to January 31. In a 52-week year, each fiscal quarter consists of 13 weeks. The additional week in a 53-week year is added to the fourth quarter, making such quarter consist of 14 weeks. Fiscal 2012, 2011 and 2010 were comprised of 52-week periods. Fiscal 2013 will be comprised of a 53-week period.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP in the United States requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to performance-based compensation, revenue recognition, provisions for sales returns and allowances, inventory excess and obsolescence, investment fair values, goodwill and other intangible assets, income taxes, litigation and other contingencies. In addition, we use assumptions when employing the Monte Carlo simulation and Black-Scholes valuation models to calculate the fair value of stock-based awards granted. We base our estimates of the carrying value of certain assets and liabilities on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances when these carrying values are not readily available from other sources. Actual results could differ from these estimates, and such differences could affect the results of operations reported in future periods. We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

Revenue Recognition.     We recognize revenues when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, delivery has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collection is reasonably assured.

Product revenue is generally recognized upon shipment of product to customers, net of accruals for estimated sales returns and rebates. However, some of our sales are made through distributors under agreements allowing for price protection, shipped from stock pricing adjustment rights, and limited rights of return on product unsold by the distributors. Although title passes to the distributor upon shipment terms and payment by our distributors is not contingent on resale of the product, product revenue on sales made through distributors with price protection, shipped from stock pricing adjustment rights and stock rotation rights are deferred until the distributors sell the product to end customers. Deferred revenue less the related cost of the inventories is reported as deferred income. We do not believe that there is any significant exposure related to impairment of deferred cost of sales, as our historical returns have been minimal and inventory turnover for our distributors generally ranges from 60 to 90 days. Our sales to direct customers are made primarily pursuant to standard purchase orders for delivery of products.

A portion of our revenue is derived from sales through third party logistics providers, who maintain warehouses in close proximity to, and may be located directly in our customer’s facilities. Revenue from sales through these third party logistics providers is not recognized until the product is pulled from stock by the customer.

The provision for estimated sales returns and allowances on product sales is recorded in the same period the related revenues are recorded. These estimates are based on historical sales returns, analysis of credit memo data and other known factors. Actual returns could differ from these estimates. We account for rebates by recording reductions to revenue in the same period that the related revenue is recorded. The amount of these reductions is based upon the terms included in our various rebate agreements.

 

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Stock-Based Compensation.     Stock-based compensation is measured at the grant date, based on the fair value of the award, and is recognized as expense over the requisite service period. We amortize stock-based compensation expense under the straight-line attribution method over the vest term, which is generally four years for annual grants to employees and five years for new hire grants.

The fair value of restricted stock units is based on the fair market value of our common shares on the date of grant. We estimate the fair value of time-based stock option awards on the date of grant using the Black Scholes option-pricing model. The fair value of market-based option awards is estimated on the date of grant using a Monte Carlo simulation model. The value of the portion of the awards that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense over the requisite service periods. The Black-Scholes and Monte Carlo models incorporate various highly subjective assumptions including expected term of awards, expected future stock price volatility and expected forfeiture rates.

In developing estimates used to calculate assumptions, we establish the expected term for employee options, as well as expected forfeiture rates, based on the historical settlement experience and after giving consideration to vesting schedules. Assumptions for option exercises and pre-vesting terminations of options were stratified by employee groups with sufficiently distinct behavior patterns. Expected volatility was developed based on an equally weighted combination of historical price volatility and implied volatility derived from traded options on our stock in the marketplace.

Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from initial estimates. Stock-based compensation expense is recorded net of estimated forfeitures such that expense is recorded only for those stock-based awards that are expected to vest. Previously recognized expense is reversed for the portion of awards forfeited prior to vesting as and when forfeitures occurred.

In addition, for both stock options and restricted stock units, we are required to estimate forfeiture rates, and true up these forfeiture rates when actual results are different from our estimates. Assumptions for forfeitures are stratified by employee groups with sufficiently distinct behavior patterns. Changes in the estimated forfeiture rate can have a significant effect on reported stock-based compensation expense, as the effect of adjusting the rate for all expense amortization is recognized in the period the forfeiture estimate is changed. If the actual forfeiture rate is higher than the estimated forfeiture rate, then an adjustment will be made to increase the estimated forfeiture rate, which will result in a decrease to the expense recognized in the financial statements. If the actual forfeiture rate is lower than the estimated forfeiture rate, then an adjustment will be made to lower the estimated forfeiture rate, which will result in an increase to the expense recognized in the financial statements. The expense we recognize in future periods could be affected by changes in the estimated forfeiture rate and may differ significantly from amounts recognized in the current period and/or our forecasts.

Additionally, for certain of our performance-based awards, we must make subjective assumptions regarding the likelihood that the related performance metrics will be met. These assumptions are based on various revenue and operating performance criteria. Changes in our actual performance could cause a significant adjustment in future periods for these performance-based awards.

Accounting for Income Taxes.     To prepare our consolidated financial statements, we estimate our income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. This process involves estimating our actual tax exposure together with assessing temporary differences resulting from the differing treatment of certain items for tax and accounting purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included within our consolidated balance sheets.

In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 740, “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”), we recognize income taxes using an asset and liability approach. This approach requires the recognition of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred tax liabilities and assets for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our consolidated financial statements or tax returns. The measurement of current and deferred taxes is based on provisions of the enacted tax law and the effects of future changes in tax laws or rates are not anticipated.

 

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Evaluating the need for an amount of a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets often requires judgment and analysis of all the positive and negative evidence available to determine whether all or some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. A valuation allowance must be established for deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that they will not be realized. Based on the available evidence and judgment, we have determined that it is more likely than not that U.S. research credits and certain acquired net operating losses will not be realized and therefore we have provided a full valuation allowance against these credits. If there is a change in our ability to realize our deferred tax assets, then our tax provision may decrease in the period in which we determine that realization is more likely than not.

As a multinational corporation, we conduct our business in many countries and are subject to taxation in many jurisdictions. The taxation of our business is subject to the application of various and sometimes conflicting tax laws and regulations as well as multinational tax conventions. Our effective tax rate is highly dependent upon the geographic distribution of our worldwide earnings or losses, the tax regulations and tax holidays in each geographic region, the availability of tax credits and carryforwards, and the effectiveness of our tax planning strategies. The application of tax laws and regulations is subject to legal and factual interpretation, judgment and uncertainty. Tax laws themselves are subject to change as a result of changes in fiscal policy, changes in legislation, and the evolution of regulations and court rulings. Consequently, taxing authorities may impose tax assessments or judgments against us that could materially impact our tax liability and/or our effective income tax rate.

We are subject to income tax audits by the respective tax authorities in all of the jurisdictions in which we operate. We recognize the effect of income tax positions only if these positions are more likely than not of being sustained. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is more than 50% likely of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. We record interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. The calculation of our tax liabilities involves the inherent uncertainty associated with the application of U.S. GAAP and complex tax laws. We believe we have adequately provided in our financial statements for additional taxes that we estimate may be required to be paid as a result of such examinations. While we believe that we have adequately provided for all tax positions, amounts asserted by tax authorities could be greater or less than our accrued position. These tax liabilities, including the interest and penalties, are released pursuant to a settlement with tax authorities, completion of audit or expiration of various statutes of limitation. The material jurisdictions in which we may be subject to potential examination by tax authorities throughout the world include China, Israel, Singapore, Switzerland and the United States.

The recognition and measurement of current taxes payable or refundable and deferred tax assets and liabilities require that we make certain estimates and judgments. Changes to these estimates or a change in judgment may have a material impact on our tax provision in a future period.

Inventories.     We value our inventory at the lower of cost or market, cost being determined under the first-in, first-out method. We regularly review inventory quantities on hand and record a provision for excess and obsolete inventory based primarily on our estimated forecast of product demand and production requirements. The valuation of inventory requires us to estimate the future demand for our products. The estimate of future demand is compared to our inventory levels, including open purchase commitments, to determine the amount, if any, of obsolete or excess inventory. Demand for our products can fluctuate significantly from period to period. A significant decrease in demand could result in an increase in the amount of excess inventory on hand. In addition, our industry is characterized by rapid technological change, frequent new product development and rapid product obsolescence that could result in an increase in the amount of obsolete inventory quantities on hand. Additionally, our estimates of future product demand may prove to be inaccurate, in which case we may have understated or overstated the provision required for excess and obsolete inventory. In the future, if our inventory is determined to be overvalued, we would be required to recognize such costs in our cost of goods sold at the time of such determination. Likewise, if our inventory is determined to be undervalued, we may have over-reported our cost of goods sold in previous periods and would be required to recognize additional gross margin at

 

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the time the related inventory is sold. Therefore, although we make every effort to ensure the accuracy of our forecasts of future product demand, any significant unanticipated changes in demand or technological developments could have a significant impact on the value of our inventory and our results of operations.

Long-lived Assets and Intangible Assets.     We assess the impairment of long-lived assets and intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of such assets may not be recoverable. Circumstances which could trigger a review include, but are not limited to the following: significant decreases in the market price of the asset; significant adverse changes in the business climate or legal factors; accumulation of costs significantly in excess of the amount originally expected for the acquisition or construction of the asset; current period cash flow or operating losses combined with a history of losses or a forecast of continuing losses associated with the use of the asset; and current expectation that the asset will more likely than not be sold or disposed of significantly before the end of its estimated useful life. Whenever events or changes in circumstances suggest that the carrying amount of long-lived assets may not be recoverable, we estimate the future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset from its use or eventual disposition. If the sum of the expected future cash flows, which includes revenue, is less than the carrying amount of those assets, we recognize an impairment loss based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the assets. Significant management judgment is required in the forecasts of future operating results that are used in the discounted cash flow method of valuation.

As of January 28, 2012, we had a total of $141.5 million in acquired intangible assets. Of this amount, $10.5 million of in-process research and development (“IPR&D”) was evaluated based on an annual impairment test at the beginning of the fourth quarter by comparing the current fair value of the IPR&D asset to its carrying value. No impairment was recorded in fiscal 2012 on our IPR&D.

Goodwill.     We perform an annual impairment assessment of goodwill at the beginning of our fiscal fourth quarter, and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of such assets may not be recoverable. Factors we consider important which could trigger a goodwill impairment review include (i) significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results, (ii) significant changes in the manner of our use of the acquired assets or the strategy for our overall business, (iii) significant negative industry or economic trends, (iv) a significant decline in our stock price for a sustained period and (v) a significant change in our market capitalization relative to our net book value. When performing our assessment, we include a control premium, in addition to our fair value to reflect the full value and amount that a buyer would be willing to pay for the company. Since our inception, we have not recognized any impairment of goodwill.

Litigation Costs.     From time to time, we are involved in legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. There can be no assurance these actions or other third party assertions will be resolved without costly litigation, in a manner that does not adversely impact our financial position, results of operations or cash flows or without requiring royalty payments in the future, which may adversely impact gross margins. We are aggressively defending these litigation matters and believe no material adverse outcome will result. However, given uncertainties associated with any litigation, if our assessments prove to be wrong, or if additional information becomes available such that we estimate that there is a probable loss or probable range of loss associated with these contingencies, then we would be required to record liabilities to cover those losses, which could materially impact our results of operations, financial position and cash flows.

Results of Operations

Despite the challenges we faced during fiscal 2012, we finished the year with net income of $615 million, or $0.99 per share, and generated $771 million in cash from operations. We finished the year with more than $2.2 billion in cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, even after repurchasing $1.34 billion of our common shares during the year.

Net revenue declined by 6% in fiscal 2012 compared to fiscal 2011, from $3.61 billion to $3.39 billion. The supply chain for our HDD products faced both the effects of a major earthquake in Japan early in the year, and

 

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significant flooding in Thailand later in the year. In addition, one of our major cellular customers faced product transitions and significant competitive headwinds. We believe these combined factors impacted our net revenue by approximately 10%. Somewhat offsetting these impacts, we saw good growth in several new products and initiatives, including our products for the TD-SCDMA market for smartphones in China. We currently have a significant market share in this market, and we believe the market will continue to grow as users transition to smartphones in China. In addition, our net revenue for the SSD market more than doubled during the year, and we remain well-positioned to benefit from the growth in popularity of SSD.

In addition to the decline in net revenue, our gross margins declined during the year, from 59.2% in fiscal 2011, to 56.8% in fiscal 2012. Although the average selling price of semiconductor products normally declines over time, the decline in average selling prices of our products in fiscal 2012 outpaced the cost reductions received from our manufacturing partners. In addition, the volume and costs of new product tapeouts in advanced technology nodes has increased, and we were impacted by the significant increase in the cost of gold, which is used in the packaging of our products.

Looking forward, we expect the HDD industry to recover during the first half of fiscal 2013 from the impacts of the floods in Thailand. However, we expect that the normal seasonal impacts to net revenue, primarily to mobile and wireless, will somewhat offset the increase in net revenue from the HDD industry. Taken together, we expect net revenue in the first quarter of fiscal 2013 to be flat to up 6% from the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012. Looking further into the year, we expect to begin to realize net revenue growth in various new product initiatives. In addition to the growth in TD-SCDMA smartphones in China, we have introduced a related WCDMA product that we expect to generate further growth in the coming year. We recently introduced our Armada 1500 applications processor that will be used in the latest version of Google TV. We are also currently shipping the industry’s only next-generation 500 gigabyte per platter SoC HDD solution, and we believe this technological advantage will benefit us in fiscal 2013. We have begun working with multiple foundry partners to ensure that our products are qualified and can be manufactured in multiple locations, which we believe will ensure favorable wafer pricing. In addition, we are designing all new products as well as redesigning some existing products with packaging that uses copper wiring, rather than gold wiring.

The following table sets forth information derived from our consolidated statements of operations expressed as a percentage of net revenue.

 

     Fiscal Years Ended  
     January 28,
2012
    January 29,
2011
    January 30,
2010
 

Net revenue

     100     100     100

Operating costs and expenses:

      

Cost of goods sold

     43.2        40.8        43.7   

Research and development

     29.9        24.9        29.5   

Selling and marketing

     4.7        4.3        5.0   

General and administrative

     3.0        2.9        6.1   

Amortization and write-off of acquired intangible assets

     1.4        2.2        3.8   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating costs and expenses

     82.2        75.1        88.1   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income

     17.8        24.9        11.9   

Interest and other income, net

     0.4        0.3        0.3   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income before income taxes

     18.2        25.2        12.2   

Provision (benefit) for income taxes

     0.1        0.2        (0.4
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

     18.1     25.0     12.6
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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Years Ended January 28, 2012 and January 29, 2011

Net Revenue

 

     Fiscal Years Ended         
     January 28,
2012
     January 29,
2011
     % Change
in 2012
 
     (in thousands, except percentage)  

Net revenue

   $ 3,393,040       $ 3,611,893         (6.1 )% 

Net revenue is gross revenue, net of accruals for estimated sales returns and rebates. The revenue decline during fiscal 2012 was primarily driven by challenges within our mobile and wireless end markets as well as the impact of natural disasters on our storage end markets. Within our mobile and wireless end markets, our leading handset customer faced challenges against their competition. Our mobile and wireless revenues were negatively impacted as our leading handset customer shifted their product volumes to more 2G and 2.5G devices that address several of the emerging markets around the world. This shift has significantly impacted the demand for our 3G solutions. This decline was partially offset by the ramp of our mobile SoC products for the TD handset market in China, which were introduced during the first quarter of fiscal 2012 and ramped up over the course of the year. Within our storage end markets, our net revenue was negatively impacted by both the earthquakes in Japan at the tail end of the first quarter of fiscal 2012 as well as the floods in Thailand during the later part of our fiscal third quarter, which also impacted the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012. These natural disasters caused serious restrictions on our HDD customers’ ability to build drives, which in turn affected demand for our SoC solutions for these customers. Over the course of the year, we did experience the ramp up of a significant new customer and the growth in our SSD business, helping to partially offset the negative effects described above. Within our networking end markets, our net revenue increased moderately as demand increased with our largest customer along with the ramp of our EPON and GPON products during fiscal 2012.

In the first quarter of fiscal 2013, we expect net revenue to be in the range of flat to up 6% as compared to fourth quarter of fiscal 2012 as the HDD industry continues its recovery from the floods in Thailand, partially offset by seasonal declines in the wireless consumer markets.

Cost of Goods Sold

 

     Fiscal Years Ended        
     January 28,
2012
    January 29,
2011
    % Change
in 2012
 
     (in thousands, except percentage)  

Cost of goods sold

   $ 1,465,805      $ 1,473,274        (0.5 )% 

% of net revenue

     43.2     40.8  

Cost of goods sold as a percentage of net revenue in fiscal 2012 increased by 240 basis points, from 40.8% in fiscal 2011 to 43.2% in fiscal 2012. The increase during fiscal 2012 was primarily driven by declines in the average selling prices of our products, which outpaced the cost reductions received from our manufacturing partners, the volume and costs of new product tapeouts in advanced technology nodes and higher commodity costs in the assembly of our products. Specifically, the cost of gold has increased significantly over the past year.

Our cost of goods sold as a percentage of net revenue may fluctuate in future periods due to, among other things, changes in the mix of products sold, the timing of production ramps and margin structures of new products, increased pricing pressures from our customers and competitors, particularly in the consumer product end markets we serve, the pricing of certain commodities such as gold along with our ability to transition new and existing designs away from gold to copper wiring, charges for obsolete or potentially excess inventory, changes in the costs charged by our foundry, assembly and test subcontractors including our ability to implement our strategy to utilize multiple foundries.

 

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We currently expect that cost of goods sold as a percentage of net revenue in the first quarter of fiscal 2013 will be flat compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012.

Research and Development

 

     Fiscal Years Ended        
     January 28,
2012
    January 29,
2011
    % Change
in 2012
 
     (in thousands, except percentage)  

Research and development

   $ 1,013,678      $ 897,578        12.9

% of net revenue

     29.9     24.9  

Research and development expenses increased by $116.1 million in fiscal 2012 compared to fiscal 2011, primarily due to a $105.7 million increase in personnel-related costs as a result of increased headcount, contractor services and other professional services. The impact of the higher headcount was slightly offset by lower incentive compensation, as a result of lower profitability. In addition, third party intellectual property costs increased by $4.0 million and we had a $13.2 million increase in various other research and development expenses to support our larger organization. The overall increase was partially offset by a $6.8 million decrease in depreciation expense.

We currently expect that research and development expenses will be approximately flat in the first quarter of fiscal 2013 compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012, as the impact of the reset of calendar 2012 payroll taxes is mostly offset by lower share-based compensation as a result of the completion of vesting of prior grants.

Selling and Marketing

 

     Fiscal Years Ended        
     January 28,
2012
    January 29,
2011
    % Change
in 2012
 
     (in thousands, except percentage)  

Selling and marketing

   $ 159,434      $ 155,481        2.5

% of net revenue

     4.7     4.3  

Selling and marketing expense increased by $4.0 million in fiscal 2012 compared to fiscal 2011 primarily due to a $6.6 million increase in personnel-related costs, including contractor services and other professional services. The increase was partially offset by a $2.6 million decrease in general selling and marketing expense, as we reduced trade show and public relations expenses.

We currently expect that selling and marketing expenses will be slightly higher in the first quarter of fiscal 2013 compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012.

General and Administrative

 

     Fiscal Years Ended        
     January 28,
2012
    January 29,
2011
    % Change
in 2012
 
     (in thousands, except percentage)  

General and administrative

   $ 100,620      $ 104,830        (4.0 )% 

% of net revenue

     3.0     2.9  

General and administrative expense decreased by $4.2 million in fiscal 2012 compared to fiscal 2011. This included a $1.6 million decrease in legal expenses, primarily due to the conclusion of a significant legal case in the prior fiscal year, and a $2.6 million decrease in stock-based compensation, as a result of adjustments recorded on certain grants connected to performance targets that were not achieved. In addition, incentive compensation expenses were slightly lower due to lower profitability.

 

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We currently expect that general and administrative expenses will be slightly higher in the first quarter of fiscal 2013 compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012.

Amortization and Write-Off of Acquired Intangible Assets

 

     Fiscal Years Ended        
     January 28,
2012
    January 29,
2011
    % Change
in 2012
 
     (in thousands, except percentage)  

Amortization and write-off of acquired intangible assets

   $ 49,357      $ 79,538        (37.9 )% 

% of net revenue

     1.4     2.2  

The decrease in amortization and write-off of acquired intangible assets of $30.2 million in fiscal 2012 compared to fiscal 2011 is primarily due to certain intangible assets becoming fully amortized during the year.

Interest and Other Income, net

 

     Fiscal Years Ended        
     January 28,
2012
    January 29,
2011
    % Change
in 2012
 
     (in thousands, except percentage)  

Interest and other income, net

   $ 14,913      $ 9,270        60.9

% of net revenue

     0.4     0.3  

Interest and other income, net consists primarily of interest earned on cash, cash equivalents and short-term investment balances, gains and losses on the sale of marketable and equity securities and foreign currency impacts, net of interest paid. The increase in interest and other income, net in fiscal 2012 compared to fiscal 2011 was primarily due to higher interest income on our investments due to a slightly higher rate of return and lower currency translation losses. These increases were partially offset by net gains in fiscal 2011 on sales of investments in privately held companies of $5.9 million.

Provision for Income Taxes

 

     Fiscal Years Ended        
     January 28,
2012
    January 29,
2011
    % Change
in 2012
 
     (in thousands, except percentage)  

Provision for income taxes

   $ 3,968      $ 6,333        (37.3 )% 

% of net revenue

     0.1     0.2  

During fiscal 2012, the provision for income taxes consisted of the current income tax liability of $12.4 million a reduction of unrecognized tax benefits of $14.1 million due to the expiration of the statutes of limitations in multiple jurisdictions, an increase in unrecognized tax benefits of $8.0 million including accrual of interest and penalty, an increase of $0.9 million tax expense primarily resulted from tax provision-to-tax return adjustments in various countries; and a decrease in deferred tax expense of $3.2 million due to the increase in the corporate tax rate of a foreign subsidiary. During fiscal 2011, the provision for income taxes was impacted by the current income tax liability of $13.8 million, a reduction of unrecognized tax benefits of $13.8 million due to the expiration of the statutes of limitations in multiple jurisdictions, an increase in unrecognized tax benefits of $8.4 million including accrual of interest and penalty, an increase in deferred tax asset of $1.0 million related to employee stock options for a non-U.S. subsidiary, $2.3 million withholding taxes on dispositions of investments, $3.4 million income tax benefit due to release of valuation allowance from the completion of a non-U.S. audit, $1.5 million benefit for a ruling denial related to our supply chain structure, and a $1.9 million tax expense in a U.S. subsidiary due to the defeat of a state proposition.

 

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Years Ended January 29, 2011 and January 30, 2010

Net Revenue

 

     Fiscal Years Ended         
     January 29,
2011
     January 30,
2010
     % Change
in 2011
 
     (in thousands, except percentage)  

Net revenue

   $ 3,611,893       $ 2,807,687         28.6

Our net revenue in fiscal 2011 increased by $804 million or 28.6%, from $2.81 billion in fiscal 2010, to $3.61 billion in fiscal 2011. Mobile and wireless revenue more than doubled as a result of the significant growth in demand for our cellular communications products, along with increased demand for our embedded wireless LAN products. Our networking revenue grew 15% during fiscal 2011 compared to fiscal 2010, primarily due to a combination of increased demand for both our client and enterprise Ethernet products, along with an improved macroeconomic environment for capital intensive networking equipment. Despite a challenging first few quarters, overall storage revenue grew 5% in fiscal 2011 as compared to fiscal 2010, due to improved industry demand for hard drives as well as company specific market share gains. The growth in our overall net revenue of approximately 28.6% reflected a combination of increased demand for our newer products, and an improvement in overall economic conditions.

Cost of Goods Sold

 

     Fiscal Years Ended        
     January 29,
2011
    January 30,
2010
    % Change
in 2011
 
     (in thousands, except percentage)  

Cost of goods sold

   $ 1,473,274      $ 1,227,096        20.1

% of net revenue

     40.8     43.7  

Cost of goods sold as a percentage of net revenue in fiscal 2011 decreased by 290 basis points, from 43.7% in fiscal 2010 to 40.8% in fiscal 2011. The improvement was primarily driven by the improved cost structure of our newer products as we have continued to benefit from the cost focus during the engineering design phase of our products, continued focus on efficiency and yield improvements. The increases were partially offset by a higher amount of period costs related to production tapeouts for newer products, and rising costs of gold.

Research and Development

 

     Fiscal Years Ended        
     January 29,
2011
    January 30,
2010
    % Change
in 2011
 
     (in thousands, except percentage)  

Research and development

   $ 897,578      $ 828,176        8.4

% of net revenue

     24.9     29.5  

Research and development expenses increased by $69.4 million in fiscal 2011 compared to fiscal 2010, primarily due to a $71.1 million increase in compensation and benefits expense related to headcount increases and temporary help in fiscal 2011. Tools for research and development activities increased by $11.5 million. Amortization expense of technology licenses increased by $9.1 million due to the increases in acquired licenses compared to fiscal 2010. Expenses for outside professional services and other services increased by $4.9 million. These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $13.1 million in restructuring costs, a decrease of $7.2 million in stock-based compensation expense, and a decrease of $6.8 million in depreciation expense due to certain assets being fully depreciated. In addition, legal expenses related to patent filings decreased by $2.6 million due to lower legal activity, while general facility expenses, including software and hardware expenses, decreased by $2.1 million.

 

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Selling and Marketing

 

     Fiscal Years Ended        
     January 29,
2011
    January 30,
2010
    % Change
in 2011
 
     (in thousands, except percentage)  

Selling and marketing

   $ 155,481      $ 139,404        11.5

% of net revenue

     4.3     5.0  

Selling and marketing expense increased $16.1 million in fiscal 2011 compared to fiscal 2010 primarily due to a $10.6 million increase in trade shows and public relations activities as we increased our involvement in these areas in fiscal 2011. Compensation and benefits expenses increased by $12.1 million, primarily due to higher headcount. These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $3.5 million in stock-based compensation expense, a decrease of $1.8 million in restructuring expense, and a decrease of $1.6 million in general facility expense.

General and Administrative

 

     Fiscal Years Ended        
     January 29,
2011
    January 30,
2010
    % Change
in 2011
 
     (in thousands, except percentage)  

General and administrative

   $ 104,830      $ 171,362        (38.8 )% 

% of net revenue

     2.9     6.1  

General and administrative expense decreased by $66.5 million in fiscal 2011 compared to fiscal 2010 primarily due to the one-time $72.0 million legal settlement recorded during fiscal 2010 in connection with the settlement of the class action securities litigation related to our historical stock option granting practices. Legal fees, on a net basis, decreased by $8.6 million due to lower overall legal activity as a result of the settlement of various litigation matters. Depreciation expense decreased by $8.1 million due to certain assets being fully depreciated. Restructuring costs decreased by $3.6 million due to lower restructuring activity in fiscal 2011. These decreases were partially offset by an increase of $10.8 million in employee-related benefits expense and temporary help. General facility expenses increased by $6.6 million, stock-based compensation expense increased by $5.8 million, outside professional services increased by $1.5 million, and charitable contributions increased by $1.2 million.

Amortization and Write-Off of Acquired Intangible Assets

 

     Fiscal Years Ended        
     January 29,
2011
    January 30,
2010
    % Change
in 2011
 
     (in thousands, except percentage)  

Amortization and write-off of acquired intangible assets

   $ 79,538      $ 107,534        (26.0 )% 

% of net revenue

     2.2     3.8  

The decrease in amortization and write-off of acquired intangible assets of $28.0 million in fiscal 2011 compared to fiscal 2010 is primarily due to certain intangible assets being fully amortized. In addition, no write-off was made in fiscal 2011, while a write-off occurred in fiscal 2010. In fiscal 2010, we determined that certain acquisition-related intangibles associated with the acquisition of the ICAP Business were partially impaired. The primary reason for the partial write-off of certain purchased intangibles from the ICAP Business was due to the transition to a newer product by a large customer. The amount of the purchased intangibles written-off in fiscal 2010 due to impairment was $1.0 million.

 

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Interest and Other Income, Net

 

     Fiscal Years Ended        
     January 29,
2011
    January 30,
2010
    % Change
in 2011
 
     (in thousands, except percentage)  

Interest and other income, net

   $ 9,270      $ 8,995        3.1

% of net revenue

     0.3     0.3  

Interest and other income, net consists primarily of interest earned on cash, cash equivalents and short-term investment balances, gains and losses on the sale of marketable and equity securities and foreign currency impacts, net of interest paid. The slight increase in interest and other income, net during fiscal 2011, as compared to fiscal 2010, was primarily due to a $8.0 million gain on our severance fund assets in a foreign jurisdiction. Gains on equity investments in privately held companies were slightly higher at $5.9 million in fiscal 2011, compared to gains of $4.9 million in fiscal 2010. During fiscal 2011, we also had $5.4 million of higher interest income due to higher cash and investment balances, as well as slightly higher interest rates on invested balances as compared to fiscal 2010.

Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes

 

     Fiscal Years Ended        
     January 29,
2011
    January 30,
2010
    % Change
in 2011
 
     (in thousands, except percentage)  

Provision (benefit) for income taxes

   $ 6,333      $ (10,346     (161.2 )% 

% of net revenue

     0.2     (0.4 )%   

Our effective tax rate was an expense of 0.7% for fiscal 2011 compared to a benefit of 3.0% for fiscal 2010. The increase in the provision for taxes in 2011 was primarily due to releases of tax contingency reserves in fiscal 2010. During fiscal 2010, we released $34.1 million in uncertain tax positions (including interest and penalties) due to the expiration of the statute of limitations in multiple jurisdictions, compared to $13.8 million in fiscal 2011. In fiscal 2011, the tax rate also benefited from a reduction in our valuation allowance of $3.4 million due to the completion of a non-US audit. We continued to incur significant non-tax deductible expenses such as stock-based compensation expenses and intangible amortization resulting in lower profit before tax in jurisdictions where we are not able to utilize the tax benefits. In addition, the tax benefits associated with our tax incentives vary from year to year based on the relative profitability in Israel, Singapore and Switzerland.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our principal source of liquidity as of January 28, 2012 consisted of approximately $2.2 billion of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments. We believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and investments, together with cash generated from operations, will be sufficient to cover our working capital needs, capital expenditures, investment requirements and commitments for at least the next 12 months.

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities was $771.2 million for fiscal 2012 compared to $1.2 billion for fiscal 2011 and $811.5 million for fiscal 2010. The cash inflows from operating activities during fiscal 2012 were primarily due to $884.5 million of net income adjusted for non-cash items, as compared to $1.2 billion during fiscal 2011.

Within working capital during fiscal 2012, accounts receivable decreased by $52.1 million due to lower levels of revenue in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012 compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2011. Inventories increased by $108.7 million due primarily to two factors: (1) the floods in Thailand which increased our

 

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inventories of hard drive products at the end of fiscal 2012, and (2) the increased use of “hubs” managed by third party logistics providers. When products are shipped to these third party managed locations, the inventory remains on our books until pulled by the customer. Accounts payable decreased by $27.3 million due to lower levels of purchasing activities near the end of fiscal 2012.

The cash inflows from operating activities in fiscal 2011 were primarily due to $1.2 billion of net income adjusted for non-cash items. Within working capital during fiscal 2011, accounts payable increased by $48.6 million due to higher levels of purchasing to support our business. Deferred income increased by $16.8 million as the inventory levels at our distributors were higher at the end of fiscal 2011. Accrued employee compensation increased by $20.7 million due to higher accruals for incentive compensation programs due to the higher levels of revenue and operating income in fiscal 2011 compared to fiscal 2010. Accounts receivable increased $102.6 million due to higher levels of revenue. During fiscal 2011, other non-current assets and other long-term liabilities both decreased significantly compared to fiscal 2010, primarily as a result of the conversion of our severance plan for our employees in Israel.

The cash inflow from operating activities in fiscal 2010 were due to net income of $684.7 million adjusted for non-cash items changes in working capital items. Within working capital during fiscal 2010, accounts payable increased $144.3 million due to our on-going efforts to manage payment terms with vendors. In addition, inventories decreased by $69.1 million as we reduced our inventory levels earlier in fiscal 2010 in light of the economic downturn and have experienced capacity constraints as we have attempted to restore the levels to support our anticipated revenues. Accrued employee compensation increased by $33.8 million due primarily to the reinstatement of the performance bonus program in fiscal 2010. Significant working capital changes offsetting cash inflows in fiscal 2010 included an increase in accounts receivable of $134.7 million due primarily to the timing of revenue whereby more revenue was recorded toward the end of the fourth quarter of fiscal 2010 compared to fiscal 2009.

Net Cash Used in Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities was $590.1 million for fiscal 2012 compared to $529.3 million for fiscal 2011 and $744.0 million for fiscal 2010. The net cash used in investing activities in fiscal 2012 was primarily due to net purchases of investments of $393.5 million. In addition, we paid $93.9 million for acquisitions, purchased $88.8 million of property and equipment mainly to support additional capacity, and purchased $13.8 million of technology licenses in fiscal 2012. The net cash used in investing activities in fiscal 2011 was primarily due to net purchases of investments of $395.8 million. In addition, we purchased $90.2 million of property and equipment mainly to support additional capacity, paid $29.4 million for acquisitions and purchased $23.1 million of technology licenses in fiscal 2011. The net cash used in investing activities in fiscal 2010 was primarily due to net purchases of short-term investments of $686.6 million as we began to ramp up our new investment strategy, purchases of property and equipment of $39.8 million mainly to support additional capacity and purchases of technology licenses of $15.6 million to help accelerate product development in certain applications.

Net Cash Provided by (Used In) Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities was $1.24 billion for fiscal 2012 compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $77.4 million for fiscal 2011 and net cash provided by financing activities of $110.5 million for fiscal 2010. For fiscal 2012, net cash used in financing activities was primarily attributable to repurchases under our share repurchase program of 87.8 million shares of our outstanding common shares for a total of $1.3 billion. The cash outflow was partially offset by $97.9 million of proceeds from the issuance of common shares under our stock option and employee stock purchase plans. In fiscal 2011, net cash provided by financing activities was attributable to proceeds from the issuance of common shares under our stock option plan and employee stock purchase plan of $166.0 million, which was partially offset by share repurchases under our share repurchase program. We repurchased 4.9 million common shares for a total of $87.5 million in fiscal 2011.

 

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In fiscal 2010, net cash provided by financing activities was attributable to proceeds from the issuance of common shares under our stock option plan and employee stock purchase plan of $111.6 million, which was partially offset by payments on capital leases of $1.8 million.

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

Under our manufacturing relationships with our foundry partners, cancellation of outstanding purchase orders are allowed but require repayment of all expenses incurred through the date of cancellation. As of January 28, 2012, these foundries had incurred approximately $226.6 million of manufacturing costs and expenses relating to our outstanding purchase orders.

We entered into an agreement with a foundry to secure foundry fabrication capacity for a fixed number of wafers at agreed upon prices. In return, we paid the foundry $174.2 million. As of January 28, 2012, approximately $5.9 million of the prepayment remained. At January 28, 2012, there were no outstanding commitments under the agreement.

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of January 28, 2012 and the effect that such obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow in future periods (in thousands):

 

    Fiscal 2013     Fiscal 2014     Fiscal 2015     Fiscal 2016     Fiscal 2017     Thereafter     Total  

Contractual obligations:

             

Facilities operating leases, net

  $ 19,564      $ 11,470      $ 9,378      $ 5,871      $ 4,384      $ 968      $ 51,635   

CAD and other operating leases

    48,473        16,078        12,518        4,498        1,934        3414        86,915   

Purchase commitments to foundries

    226,630        —          —          —          —          —          226,630   

Capital purchase obligations

    18,976        —          —          —          —          —          18,976   

Other long-term obligations (1)

    —          14,426        5,985        4,803        402        1,840        27,456   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total contractual cash obligations

  $ 313,643      $ 41,974      $ 27,881      $ 15,172      $ 6,720      $ 6,222      $ 411,612   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1) Amounts represent anticipated future cash payments, including anticipated interest payments not recorded on the consolidated balance sheet.

In addition to the above commitments and contingencies, as of January 28, 2012, we had recorded $78.8 million of unrecognized tax benefits as liabilities. We also had recorded a liability for potential interest and penalties of $28.3 million and $7.0 million, respectively, as of January 28, 2012. During the next 12 months, it is reasonably possible that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits could decrease due to potential settlement with tax authorities and the expiration of applicable statutes of limitations. However, the amount cannot be reasonably estimated as we will have negotiations with various tax authorities throughout the year. At this time, we are unable to make a reasonably reliable estimate of the amount of payments in individual years beyond 12 months due to uncertainties in the timing of tax audit outcomes.

Off-balance sheet arrangements:     As part of our ongoing business, we do not participate in transactions that generate relationships with unconsolidated entities of financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities (“SPEs”), which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes. As of January 28, 2012, we were not involved in any unconsolidated SPE transactions.

Prospective capital needs:     We believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, together with cash generated from operations, from exercise of employee stock options and purchases under our employee stock purchase plan will be sufficient to cover our working capital needs, capital expenditures, investment requirements and commitments for at least the next 12 months. Our capital requirements will depend on many factors, including our rate of sales growth, market acceptance of our products, costs of securing access to adequate manufacturing capacity, the timing and extent of research and development

 

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projects, costs of making improvements to facilities and increases in operating expenses, which are all subject to uncertainty. However, we are named as defendants to several litigation actions and an unfavorable outcome in such actions could have a material adverse effect on our cash flows.

To the extent that our existing cash, cash equivalents and investment balances and cash generated by operations are insufficient to fund our future activities, we may need to raise additional funds through public or private debt or equity financing. We may enter into additional acquisitions of businesses, assets, products, technologies or other strategic arrangements in the future, which could also require us to seek debt or equity financing. Additional equity financing or convertible debt financing may be dilutive to our current shareholders. If we elect to raise additional funds, we may not be able to obtain such funds on a timely basis or on acceptable terms, if at all. If we raise additional funds by issuing additional equity or convertible debt securities, the ownership percentages of existing shareholders would be reduced. In addition, the equity or debt securities that we issue may have rights, preferences or privileges senior to our common shares.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Please see “Note 1 — The Company and its Significant Accounting Policies — Recent Accounting Pronouncements” for further details in our notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

Related Party Transactions

Please see “Note 14 — Related Party Transactions” for further details in our notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

 

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Interest Rate Risk.     Our interest rate risk relates primarily to our fixed income short-term investment portfolio as we did not have any outstanding debt as of January 28, 2012. We maintain an investment policy that requires minimum credit ratings, diversification of credit risk and limits the long-term interest rate risk by requiring maturities of less than five years. We invest our excess cash primarily in highly liquid debt instruments of the U.S. government and its agencies, time deposits, money market mutual funds, and corporate debt securities. These investments are generally classified as available-for-sale and, consequently, are recorded on our balance sheets at fair market value with their related unrealized gain or loss reflected as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders’ equity. Investments in both fixed rate and floating rate interest earning securities carry a degree of interest rate risk. Fixed rate securities may have their fair market value adversely impacted due to a rise in interest rates, while floating rate securities may produce less income than predicted if interest rates fall.

To provide an assessment of the interest rate risk associated with our investment portfolio, we performed a sensitivity analysis to determine the impact that an adverse change in interest rates would have on the value of the investment portfolio. Based on investment positions as of January 28, 2012, a hypothetical 100 basis point increase in interest rates across all maturities would result in a $14.5 million incremental decline in the fair market value of the portfolio. Due to our positive cash flow from operations, the relatively short-term nature of our investment portfolio and our ability to hold investments to maturity, such change in fair market value would likely not have resulted in any cash flow impact.

As of January 28, 2012, our investment portfolio included $24.5 million in par value of auction rate securities. Beginning in February 2008, liquidity issues in the global credit markets resulted in a failure of auction rate securities, as the amount of securities submitted for sale in those auctions exceeded the amount of bids. To estimate the fair value of the auction rate securities since that time, we have used a discounted cash flow model based on estimated timing and amount of future interest and principal payments, credit quality of the

 

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underlying securities and liquidity considerations, the collateralization of underlying security investments, the credit worthiness of the issuer of the securities, the probability of full repayment and other considerations. As of January 28, 2012, the fair value of auction rate securities was $1.3 million less than par value and recorded in long-term investments.

Based on our balance of approximately $2.2 billion in cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments and the fact that we continue to generate positive cash flow on a quarterly basis, we do not anticipate having to sell these securities below par value in order to operate our business. We do not have the intent to sell these auction rate securities until recovery and it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell the auction rate securities prior to recovery. Thus we consider the impairment to be temporary and recorded the unrealized loss to accumulated other comprehensive income, a component of shareholders’ equity.

Investment Risk.     We invest in equity instruments of privately held companies for strategic purposes. We account these investments under the cost method when we do not have the ability to exercise significant influence or control over the operations of these companies and under the equity method when we have the ability to exercise significant influence, but do not have control. Carrying value of these equity investments was $6.3 million at January 28, 2012, and was included in other non-current assets in our balance sheets. We monitor these investments for impairment and make appropriate reductions in carrying value when an impairment is deemed to be other-than-temporary.

Commodity Price Risk.     We are subject to risk from fluctuating market prices of certain commodity raw materials, particularly gold, that are incorporated into our end products. Supplies for such commodities may from time-to-time become restricted, or general market factors and conditions may affect the pricing of such commodities. Over the past few years, the price of gold increased significantly and certain of our supply chain partners assess surcharges to compensate for the rising commodity prices. We are currently restructuring certain manufacturing processes to use copper instead of gold in our products. In addition, the cost of assembling and testing our products is susceptible to changes in the price of oil, as our products are transported across locations throughout their lifecycle. While we continue to attempt to mitigate the risk of similar increases in commodities-related costs, there can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully safeguard against potential short-term and long-term commodities price fluctuations. We do not enter into formal hedging arrangements to mitigate against commodity risk.

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk.     Substantially all of our sales and the majority of our expenses are denominated in U.S. dollars. Since we operate in many countries, we pay certain payroll and other operating expenses in local currencies and these expenses may be higher or lower in U.S. dollar terms. Furthermore, our operation in Israel represents a large portion of our total foreign currency exposure. We may also hold certain assets and liabilities, including potential tax liabilities in local currency on our balance sheet. These tax liabilities would be settled in local currency. Therefore, foreign exchange gains and losses from remeasuring the tax liabilities are recorded to other income and expense. The related effects of foreign exchange fluctuations on local currency expenses are recorded to operating expenses. Significant fluctuations in exchange rates in countries where we incur expenses or record assets or liabilities in local currency could affect our business and operating results in the future. There is also a risk that our customers may be negatively impacted in their ability to purchase our products priced in U.S. dollars when there has been significant volatility in foreign currency exchange rates.

We engage in hedging transactions to help mitigate some of the volatility to forecasted cash flows due to changes in foreign exchange rates, and in particular hedge a portion of the forecasted Israeli shekel expenses. We enter into certain short-term forward exchange contracts, typically less than 12 months in duration, to hedge exposures for expenses and purchases denominated in foreign currencies when the currency exposure is significant and there is a high certainty of the underlying cash flow. We do not enter into derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. We may choose not to hedge certain foreign exchange exposures due to immateriality, offsetting exposures, prohibitive economic cost of hedging a particular currency, and

 

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limited availability of appropriate hedging instruments. To the extent our foreign currency hedges are effective, the results of the hedge activities offset the underlying expense within the operating expense. De-designated hedges or hedges deemed ineffective are recorded in interest and other income, net. We do not hedge our tax liabilities denominated in local currency on our balance sheet as the timing of these tax liabilities becoming cash flows is not deemed to be certain.

To provide an assessment of the foreign currency exchange risk associated with our foreign currency exposures within operating expense, we performed a sensitivity analysis to determine the impact that an adverse change in exchange rates would have on our financial statements. If the U.S. dollar weakened by 10%, our operating expense could increase by 3%. We expect our hedges of foreign currency exposures to be highly effective and offset a significant portion of the short-term impact of changes in exchange rates.

 

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Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

INDEX

 

      Page  

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

     57   

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of January 28, 2012, and January 29, 2011

     58   

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended January 28, 2012, January  29, 2011, and January 30, 2010

     59   

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended January 28, 2012,  January 29, 2011, and January 30, 2010

     60   

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended January 28, 2012, January  29, 2011, and January 30, 2010

     61   

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

     62   

 

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Marvell Technology Group Ltd.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the index appearing under Item 15(a)(1) present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Marvell Technology Group Ltd. and its subsidiaries at January 28, 2012 and January 29, 2011 and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended January 28, 2012 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule listed in the index appearing under Item 15(a)(2) presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of January 28, 2012, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for these financial statements and financial statement schedule, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements, on the financial statement schedules, and on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Our evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over the financial reporting as of January 28, 2012 did not include the internal controls of Xelerated. We excluded Xelerated from our assessment of internal control over financial reporting as of January 28, 2012 because it was acquired in a purchase business combination in December 2011 and is now wholly owned by Marvell Technology Group Ltd. Xelerated’s total assets and total revenues represent less than 1% of the related consolidated financial statement amounts as of and for the year ended January 28, 2012.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

San Jose, California

March 27, 2012

 

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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

 

     January 28,
2012
     January 29,
2011
 
     (In thousands,
except par value)
 
ASSETS      

Current assets:

     

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 784,902       $ 1,847,074   

Short-term investments

     1,461,596         1,082,956   

Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $2,663 and $7,366

     407,263         459,406   

Inventories

     354,119         245,448   

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     60,412         66,945   

Deferred income taxes

     10,669         10,818   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total current assets

     3,078,961         3,712,647   

Property and equipment, net

     383,801         358,440   

Long-term investments

     23,215         26,226   

Goodwill

     2,031,991         2,004,833   

Acquired intangible assets, net

     141,505         124,631   

Other non-current assets

     108,146         111,380   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 5,767,619       $ 6,338,157   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY      

Current liabilities:

     

Accounts payable

   $ 304,695       $ 332,007   

Accrued liabilities

     87,655         85,994   

Accrued employee compensation

     137,245         146,524   

Deferred income

     59,959         76,161   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

     589,554         640,686   

Non-current income taxes payable

     131,579         136,262   

Other long-term liabilities

     32,468         39,340   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total liabilities

     753,601         816,288   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Commitments and contingencies (Note 12)

     

Shareholders’ equity:

     

Preferred stock, $0.002 par value; 8,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding

     —           —     

Common stock, $0.002 par value; 992,000 shares authorized; 583,671 and 659,372 shares issued and outstanding, respectively

     1,162         1,317   

Additional paid-in capital

     3,683,117         4,805,588   

Accumulated other comprehensive income

     776         1,092   

Retained earnings

     1,328,963         713,872   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total shareholders’ equity

     5,014,018         5,521,869   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

   $ 5,767,619       $ 6,338,157   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

 

     Year Ended  
     January 28,
2012
     January 29,
2011
     January 30,
2010
 
     (In thousands, except per share amounts)  

Net revenue

   $ 3,393,040       $ 3,611,893       $ 2,807,687   

Operating costs and expenses:

        

Cost of goods sold

     1,465,805         1,473,274         1,227,096   

Research and development

     1,013,678         897,578         828,176   

Selling and marketing

     159,434         155,481         139,404   

General and administrative

     100,620         104,830         171,362   

Amortization and write-off of acquired intangible assets

     49,357         79,538         107,534   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total operating costs and expenses

     2,788,894         2,710,701         2,473,572   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Operating income

     604,146         901,192         334,115   

Interest and other income, net

     14,913         9,270         8,995   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Income before income taxes, net

     619,059         910,462         343,110   

Provision (benefit) for income taxes

     3,968         6,333         (10,346
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net income

   $ 615,091       $ 904,129       $ 353,456   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net income per share:

        

Basic

   $ 1.01       $ 1.39       $ 0.57   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Diluted

   $ 0.99       $ 1.34       $ 0.54   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Weighted average shares:

        

Basic

     607,857         648,347         623,934   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Diluted

     623,268         676,878         653,741   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

    Common Stock     Additional
Paid-in
Capital
    Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
    Accumulated
Income
(Deficit)
    Total  
    Shares     Amount          
    (In thousands)  

Balance at January 31, 2009

    616,388      $ 1,233      $ 4,372,265      $ (718   $ (543,713   $ 3,829,067   

Shares issued pursuant to stock options and awards, net

    14,674        29        45,864        —          —          45,893   

Issuance of common stock under the employee stock purchase plan

    7,279        15        65,737        —          —          65,752   

Stock-based compensation

    —          —          124,140        —          —          124,140   

Tax benefit from employee stock transactions

    —          —          (162     —          —          (162

Comprehensive income:

           

Unrealized gain on available-for-sale investments, net of tax

    —          —          —          77        —          77   

Unrealized gain on cash flow hedges

    —          —          —          341        —          341   

Other

    —          —          —          (585     —          (585

Net income

    —          —          —          —          353,456        353,456   
           

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income

              353,289   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at January 30, 2010

    638,341      $ 1,277      $ 4,607,844      $ (885   $ (190,257   $ 4,417,979   

Shares issued pursuant to stock options and awards, net

    15,077        28        108,587        —          —          108,615   

Issuance of common stock under the employee stock purchase plan

    10,885        22        57,316        —          —          57,338   

Stock-based compensation

    —          —          118,857        —          —          118,857   

Tax benefit from employee stock transactions

    —          —          460        —          —          460   

Repurchase of common stock

    (4,931     (10     (87,476     —          —          (87,486

Comprehensive income:

           

Unrealized gain on available-for-sale investments, net of tax

    —          —          —          3,112        —          3,112   

Unrealized loss on cash flow hedges

    —          —          —          (1,134     —          (1,134

Other

    —          —          —          (1     —          (1

Net income

    —          —          —          —          904,129        904,129   
           

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income

              906,106   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at January 29, 2011

    659,372      $ 1,317      $ 4,805,588      $ 1,092      $ 713,872      $ 5,521,869   

Shares issued pursuant to stock options and awards, net

    7,210        11        36,992        —          —          37,003   

Issuance of common stock under the employee stock purchase plan

    4,875        10        60,844        —          —          60,854   

Stock-based compensation

    —          —          120,390        —          —          120,390   

Tax benefit from employee stock transactions

    —          —          3        —          —          3   

Repurchase of common stock

    (87,786     (176     (1,340,700     —          —          (1,340,876

Comprehensive income:

           

Unrealized gain on available-for-sale investments, net of tax

    —          —          —          537        —          537   

Unrealized loss on cash flow hedges

    —          —          —          (848     —          (848

Other

    —          —          —          (5     —          (5

Net income

    —          —          —          —          615,091        615,091   
           

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income

              614,775   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at January 28, 2012

    583,671      $ 1,162      $ 3,683,117      $ 776      $ 1,328,963      $ 5,014,018   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

 

     Year Ended  
     January 28,
2012
    January 29,
2011
    January 30,
2010
 
     (In thousands)  

Cash flows from operating activities:

      

Net income

   $ 615,091      $ 904,129      $ 353,456   

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

      

Depreciation and amortization

     88,454        93,190        99,214   

Stock-based compensation

     119,863        118,405        126,599   

Amortization and write-off of acquired intangible assets

     49,357        79,538        107,534   

Facility impairment

     —          1,140        3,986   

Other (income) expense, net

     15,190        7,581        (3,271

Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation

     (164     (899     (677

Deferred income tax

     (3,245     4,113        13,356   

Changes in assets and liabilities, net of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in acquisitions:

      

Restricted cash

     —          —          24,500   

Accounts receivable

     54,550        (102,610     (134,695

Inventories

     (101,109     (3,655     67,150   

Prepaid expenses and other assets

     30,736        50,236        (4,326

Accounts payable

     (47,095     42,464        142,002   

Accrued liabilities and other

     (21,614     (38,059     (32,268

Accrued employee compensation

     (12,565     21,210        33,292   

Deferred income

     (16,202     16,765        15,661   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

     771,247        1,193,548        811,513   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash flows from investing activities:

      

Purchases of marketable securities

     (1,851,696     (1,262,767     (804,979

Purchases of strategic investments

     (4,003     (1,750     (2,000

Sales and maturities of investments

     1,462,164        868,759        118,362   

Cash paid for acquisitions, net

     (93,916     (29,446     —     

Proceeds from sale of equity investments

     —          9,192        —     

Purchases of technology licenses

     (13,823     (23,144     (15,598

Purchases of property and equipment

     (88,779     (90,173     (39,814
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash used in investing activities

     (590,053     (529,329     (744,029
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash flows from financing activities:

      

Repurchase of common stock

     (1,340,876     (87,486     —     

Proceeds from employee stock plans

     97,857        165,954        111,645   

Principal payments on capital lease and term loan obligations

     (511     (1,940     (1,787

Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation

     164        899        677   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

     (1,243,366     77,427        110,535   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

     (1,062,172     741,646        178,019   

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

     1,847,074        1,105,428        927,409   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

   $ 784,902      $ 1,847,074      $ 1,105,428   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Supplemental cash flow information:

      

Cash paid for interest

   $ 722      $ 144      $ 297   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash paid for income taxes, net

   $ 14,096      $ 12,239      $ 4,836   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-Cash Investing Activities:

      

Receivable from sale of equity investment

   $ —        $ 1,068      $ 7,681   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1 — The Company and its Significant Accounting Policies:

The Company

Marvell Technology Group Ltd., a Bermuda company (the “Company”), is a leading global semiconductor provider of high-performance application specific standard products. The Company’s core strength of expertise is the development of complex System-on-a-Chip devices leveraging its extensive technology portfolio of intellectual property in the areas of analog, mixed-signal, digital signal processing and embedded ARM-based microprocessor integrated circuits. The Company develops platforms that it defines as integrated hardware and software that incorporate digital computing technologies designed and configured to provide an optimal computing solution compared to individual components. The Company’s broad product portfolio includes devices for data storage, enterprise-class Ethernet data switching, Ethernet physical-layer transceivers, handheld cellular, Ethernet-based wireless networking, personal area networking, Ethernet-based PC connectivity, control plane communications controllers, video-image processing and power management solutions.

Basis of Presentation

The Company’s fiscal year is the 52- or 53-week period ending on the Saturday closest to January 31. In a 52-week year, each fiscal quarter consists of 13 weeks. The additional week in a 53-week year is added to the fourth quarter, making such quarter consist of 14 weeks. Fiscal years 2012, 2011 and 2010 were comprised of 52-week periods.

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period balances in order to conform to the current period’s presentation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, the Company evaluates its estimates, including those related to performance-based compensation, revenue recognition, provisions for sales returns and allowances, inventory excess and obsolescence, investment fair values, goodwill and other intangible assets, income taxes, litigation and other contingencies. In addition, the Company uses assumptions when employing the Monte Carlo simulation and Black-Scholes valuation models to calculate the fair value of stock-based awards granted. The Company bases its estimates of the carrying value of certain assets and liabilities on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances when these carrying values are not readily available from other sources. Actual results could differ from these estimates, and such differences could affect the results of operations reported in future periods.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The functional currency of the Company and its subsidiaries is the United States dollar.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less from the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on deposit with banks, time deposits, federal agency notes, commercial paper and money market funds.

 

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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash consisted of proceeds of insurance recoveries that the Company offset against payments that it was required to make in settlements related to the Company’s historic stock option granting practices. The final payments were made during fiscal 2010.

Investments

The Company’s marketable investments are classified as available-for-sale and are reported at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses of the Company’s available-for-sale securities are excluded from earnings and reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income. The Company assesses whether an other-than-temporary impairment loss on its available-for-sale and trading securities has occurred due to declines in fair value or other market conditions. Declines in fair value that are considered other-than-temporary are recorded as an impairment of investments in interest and other income within the consolidated statements of operations.

In general, investments with original maturities of greater than 90 days and remaining maturities of less than one year are classified as short-term investments. Investments with maturities beyond one year may also be classified as short-term based on their highly liquid nature and because such investments represent the investment of cash that is available for current operations.

The Company also has equity investments in privately-held companies. If the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee, or if the investee is a partnership type investment, the Company accounts for the investments under the equity method. If the Company does not have the ability to exercise significant influence over the operations of the investee, the Company accounts for the investment under the cost method. Investments in privately-held companies are included in other non-current assets.

Impairment of Investments

If a debt security’s market value is below amortized cost and the Company either intends to sell the security or it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security before its anticipated recovery, the Company records an other-than-temporary impairment charge to interest and other income within the consolidated statements of operations. However, if an impairment is due to credit losses, the Company considers other credit factors to account for the impairment loss.

Investments in privately-held companies are subject to a periodic impairment review. Investments are considered impaired when the fair value is below the investment’s cost basis and the decline in value is judged to be other than temporary. This assessment is based on a qualitative and quantitative analysis, including, but not limited to, the investee’s revenue and earnings trends, available cash and liquidity, and the status of the investee’s products and the related market for such products.

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company accounts for its derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities and carries them at fair value. Derivatives that are not defined as hedges must be adjusted to fair value through earnings. For derivative instruments that hedge the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows and are designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument is reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders’ equity and reclassified into earnings in the same

 

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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. The ineffective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument is recognized in current earnings. To receive hedge accounting treatment, cash flow hedges must be highly effective in offsetting changes to expected future cash flows on hedged transactions.

Concentration of Credit Risk and Significant Customers

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a significant concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash equivalents, short-term investments and accounts receivable. Cash, Cash equivalents and short-term investment balances are maintained with high quality financial institutions, the composition and maturities of which are regularly monitored by management. The Company believes that the concentration of credit risk in its trade receivables with respect to its served markets, as well as the customer base located primarily in the Asia Pacific Region, are substantially mitigated by the Company’s credit evaluation process, relatively short collection terms and the high level of credit worthiness of its customers. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial conditions and limits the amount of credit extended when deemed necessary based upon payment history and the customer’s current credit worthiness, but generally requires no collateral. The Company regularly reviews the allowance for bad debt and doubtful accounts by considering factors such as historical experience, credit quality, age of the accounts receivable balances and current economic conditions that may affect a customer’s ability to pay.

The allowance for doubtful accounts at January 28, 2012, January 29, 2011 and January 30, 2010 was $1.3 million, 1.2 million and $1.0 million, respectively. Please see “Note 1 – The Company and its Significant Accounting Policies – Revenue Recognition” for additional information on sales returns and allowances.

The following table sets forth sales to end customers comprising 10% or more of the Company’s net revenue for the periods indicated:

 

     Year Ended  

Customer

   January 28,
2012
    January 29,
2011
    January 30,
2010
 

Western Digital

     19     21     24

Research in Motion

     *        14     *   

Toshiba

     *        *        15

 

* Less than 10% of net revenue

Subsequent to the end of fiscal 2012, Western Digital acquired Hitachi’s HDD unit. If this acquisition had occurred at the beginning of fiscal 2012, Western Digital would have represented 24% of net revenue in fiscal 2012. During fiscal 2012, Seagate acquired the HDD operations of Samsung. If this acquisition had occurred at the beginning of fiscal 2012, Seagate would have represented 11% of net revenue in fiscal 2012.

The Company’s accounts receivable were concentrated with three customers at January 28, 2012 representing 15%, 12% and 11% of gross accounts receivable, respectively, and were concentrated with four customers at January 29, 2011 representing 13%, 12%, 12% and 11% of gross accounts receivable, respectively.

In fiscal 2012, one distributor accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s net revenue, and in each of fiscal 2011 and 2010, no distributor accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s net revenue. The Company continuously monitors the creditworthiness of its distributors and believes these distributors’ sales to diverse end customers and to diverse geographies further serve to mitigate the Company’s exposure to credit risk.

 

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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Inventories

Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or market. The Company records inventory excess and obsolescence provisions for estimated obsolete or unsellable inventory equal to the difference between the cost of inventory and estimated net realizable value based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions. If actual future demand for the Company’s products is less than currently forecasted, additional inventory provisions may be required. Once a provision is recorded, it is maintained until the product to which it relates to is sold or otherwise disposed of. During fiscal 2012, the Company recorded $4.4 million of step-up fair market value adjustments to inventory acquired in acquisitions, based on the estimated selling price less reasonable profit allowance for the selling effort. Shipping and handling costs are classified as a component of cost of goods sold in the consolidated statements of operations.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which ranges from three to seven years for machinery and equipment, computer software, and furniture and fixtures. Buildings are depreciated over an estimated useful life of 30 years and building improvements are depreciated over estimated useful lives of 15 years.

Goodwill

Goodwill is recorded when the consideration paid for a business acquisition exceeds the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill is measured and tested for impairment on an annual basis during the fourth fiscal quarter or more frequently if the Company believes indicators of impairment exist. The performance of the test involves a two-step process. The first step requires comparing the fair value of the reporting unit to its net book value, including goodwill. As the Company has only one reporting unit, the fair value of the reporting unit is determined by taking the market capitalization of the Company as determined through quoted market prices and adjusted for control premiums and other relevant factors. A potential impairment exists if the fair value of the reporting unit is lower than its net book value. The second step of the process is only performed if a potential impairment exists, and it involves determining the difference between the fair value of the reporting unit’s net assets other than goodwill and the fair value of the reporting unit. If the difference is less than the net book value of goodwill, impairment exists and is recorded. In the event that the Company determines that the value of goodwill has become impaired, the Company will record an accounting charge for the amount of impairment during the fiscal quarter in which the determination is made. The Company has not been required to perform this second step of the process because the fair value of the reporting unit has significantly exceeded its net book value at every measurement date.

Long-Lived Assets and Intangible Assets

Long-lived assets include property and equipment, technology licenses and intangible assets. Whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of long-lived assets may not be recoverable, the Company estimates the future cash flows, undiscounted and without interest charges, expected to result from the use of those assets and their eventual cash position. If the sum of the expected future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of those assets, the Company recognizes an impairment loss based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the assets. Please see “Note 7 – Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets” for further details regarding impairment of acquisition-related identified intangible assets.

 

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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Acquisition-related identified intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated economic lives of one to seven years for purchased technology, one to eight years for core technology, one to five years for customer intangibles, and one to five years for trade name. In-process research and development (“IPR&D”) is not depreciated until the completion of the related development.

Foreign Currency Transactions

The functional currency of all of the Company’s non-United States operations is the United States dollar. Monetary accounts maintained in currencies other than the United States dollar are re-measured using the foreign exchange rate at the balance sheet date. Operational accounts and nonmonetary balance sheet accounts are measured and recorded at the rate in effect at the date of the transaction. The effects of foreign currency re-measurement are reported in current operations.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenues when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, delivery has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collection is reasonably assured.

Product revenue is generally recognized upon shipment of product to customers, net of accruals for estimated sales returns and rebates. However, some of the Company’s sales are made through distributors under agreements allowing for price protection, shipped from stock pricing adjustment rights, and limited rights of stock rotation on products unsold by the distributors. Although title passes to the distributor upon shipment terms and payment by the Company’s distributors is not contingent on resale of the product, product revenue on sales made through distributors with price protection, shipped from stock pricing adjustment rights and stock rotation rights are deferred until the distributors sell the product to end customers. Deferred revenue less the related cost of the inventories is reported as deferred income. The Company does not believe that there is any significant exposure related to impairment of deferred cost of sales, as its historical returns have been minimal and inventory turnover for its distributors generally ranges from 60 to 90 days. The Company’s sales to direct customers are made primarily pursuant to standard purchase orders for delivery of products.

A portion of the Company’s net revenue is derived from sales through third party logistics providers, who maintain warehouses in close proximity to, and often located directly in the customer’s facilities. Revenue from sales through these third party logistics providers is not recognized until the product is pulled from stock by the customer.

The provision for estimated sales returns on product sales is recorded in the same period the related revenues are recorded. These estimates are based on historical returns, analysis of credit memo data and other known factors. Actual returns could differ from these estimates. The Company accounts for rebates by recording reductions to revenue for rebates in the same period that the related revenue is recorded. The amount of these reductions is based upon the terms included in the Company’s various rebate agreements.

Advertising Expense

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation is measured at the grant date, based on the fair value of the award, and is recognized as expense over the requisite service period. The Company amortizes stock-based compensation

 

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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

expense for time-based and market-based awards under the straight-line attribution method over the vest term which is generally four years for annual grants to employees and five years for new hire grants. Performance-based awards are amortized using the accelerated method.

The fair value of restricted stock units is based on the fair market value of the Company’s common shares on the date of grant. The Company estimates the fair value of stock option awards with time-based vesting on the date of grant using the Black Scholes option-pricing model. The fair value of option awards with market-based vesting provisions is estimated on the date of grant using a Monte Carlo simulation model. The value of the portion of the awards that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense over the requisite service periods. The Black Scholes and Monte Carlo models incorporate various highly subjective assumptions including expected term of awards, expected future stock price volatility and expected forfeiture rates.

In developing estimates used to calculate assumptions, the Company establishes the expected term for employee options, as well as expected forfeiture rates, based on the historical settlement experience and after giving consideration to vesting schedules. Assumptions for option exercises and pre-vesting terminations of options were stratified by employee groups with sufficiently distinct behavior patterns.

Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from initial estimates. Stock-based compensation expense is recorded net of estimated forfeitures such that expense is recorded only for those stock-based awards that are expected to vest. Previously recognized expense is reversed for the portion of awards forfeited prior to vesting as and when forfeitures occurred.

Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income is comprised of net income and unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities and foreign exchange contracts. For fiscal 2012, 2011 and 2010, net unrealized gains (losses) were reclassified as realized gains (losses) and recognized in the accompanying statement of operations upon the sale of the related marketable investments and maturity of the related contracts of $(0.3) million, $2.0 million and $(0.2) million, respectively.

Accumulated other comprehensive income, as presented on the accompanying balance sheets, consists of net unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities and foreign exchange contracts, net of tax.

Accounting for Income Taxes

In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 740, “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”), the Company recognizes income taxes using an asset and liability approach. This approach requires the recognition of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred tax liabilities and assets for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial statements or tax returns. The measurement of current and deferred taxes is based on provisions of the enacted tax law and the effects of future changes in tax laws or rates are not anticipated.

Evaluating the need for an amount of a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets often requires judgment and analysis of all the positive and negative evidence available to determine whether all or some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. A valuation allowance must be established for deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that they will not be realized. Based on the available evidence and judgment, the Company has determined that it is more likely than not that U.S. research credits and certain acquired net

 

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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

operating losses will not be realized and therefore the Company has provided a full valuation allowance against these credits. If there is a change in the Company’s ability to realize its deferred tax assets, then the Company’s tax provision may decrease in the period in which it determines that realization is more likely than not.

As a multinational corporation, the Company conducts its business in many countries and is subject to taxation in many jurisdictions. The taxation of the Company’s business is subject to the application of various and sometimes conflicting tax laws and regulations as well as multinational tax conventions. The Company’s effective tax rate is highly dependent upon the geographic distribution of its worldwide earnings or losses, the tax regulations and tax holidays in each geographic region, the availability of tax credits and carryforwards, and the effectiveness of its tax planning strategies. The application of tax laws and regulations is subject to legal and factual interpretation, judgment and uncertainty. Tax laws themselves are subject to change as a result of changes in fiscal policy, changes in legislation, and the evolution of regulations and court rulings. Consequently, taxing authorities may impose tax assessments or judgments against the Company that could materially impact its tax liability and/or its effective income tax rate.

The Company is subject to income tax audits by the respective tax authorities in all of the jurisdictions in which the Company operates. The Company recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if these positions are more likely than not of being sustained. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is more than 50% likely of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. The Company records interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. The calculation of the Company’s tax liabilities involves the inherent uncertainty associated with the application of GAAP and complex tax laws. The Company believes it has adequately provided in its financial statements for additional taxes that it estimates may be required to be paid as a result of such examinations. While the Company believes that it has adequately provided for all tax positions, amounts asserted by tax authorities could be greater or less than the Company’s accrued position. These tax liabilities, including the interest and penalties, are released pursuant to a settlement with tax authorities, completion of audit or expiration of various statutes of limitation. The material jurisdictions in which the Company may be subject to potential examination by tax authorities throughout the world include China, Israel, Singapore, Switzerland and the United States.

Warranty

The Company’s products are generally subject to warranty, which provides for the estimated future costs of repair, replacement or customer accommodation upon shipment of the product. The Company’s products carry a standard 90 day warranty, with certain exceptions in which the warranty period can extend to more than one year based on contractual agreements. The warranty accrual is primarily estimated based on historical claims compared to historical revenues and assumes that the Company will have to replace products subject to a claim. For new products, the Company uses a historical percentage for the appropriate class of product. From time to time, the Company becomes aware of specific warranty situations, and it records specific accruals to cover these exposures.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued additional guidance on fair value measurements and related disclosures. The new guidance clarifies the application of existing guidance on fair value measurement for non-financial assets and requires the disclosure of quantitative information about the unobservable inputs used in a fair value measurement. This guidance is effective on a prospective basis for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. The adoption of this guidance during the three months ended April 28, 2012 will not have any impact on the Company’s financial statements.

 

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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

In June 2011, the FASB issued an amendment to the guidance regarding the presentation of comprehensive income. The amended guidance gives an entity the option to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. The amended guidance eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders’ equity. This guidance is effective on a retrospective basis for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2011.

In September 2011, the FASB issued an amendment to the guidance regarding the testing of goodwill for impairment. The amended guidance will allow an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. An entity no longer will be required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless the entity determines, based on a qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount. The amended guidance is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011. The adoption of this guidance during the three months ended April 28, 2012 will not have any impact on the Company’s financial statements.

Note 2 — Business Combinations:

Acquisitions in fiscal 2012

In April 2011, the Company acquired the PHY business of a company, which specializes in the design of networking devices. Under the purchase method of accounting, the total purchase price was determined to be $16.3 million and was allocated to tangible asset for $1.1 million, intangible assets for $13.6 million and goodwill for $1.6 million.

In December 2011, the Company acquired Xelerated AB (“Xelerated”), a company which specializes in network processing and programmable Ethernet switching solutions. The total purchase price was $75.2 million in cash, net of cash acquired. In addition to leveraging the existing acquired business and customer base, the objective of the acquisition is to expand the Company’s technology portfolio and enable more comprehensive integrated solutions for the networking market. The goodwill of $22.3 million is attributed to synergies specific to the Company in delivering these integrated solutions with its product portfolio, as well as the assembled workforce.

The terms of the Xelerated acquisition included contingent consideration of up to $5.0 million, based on specific revenue targets for the acquired business during calendar year 2011. Based on the actual results through the date of acquisition, the Company assessed there was no possibility of any of the earnout being paid, therefore the Company assigned no value to the contingent consideration. Subsequent to the end of the calendar year, the Company concluded that the earnout requirements were not met.

 

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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

The purchase price of Xelerated was allocated as follows:

 

     (In thousands)  

Accounts receivable

   $ 2,407   

Inventory

     6,481   

Prepaid and other current assets

     111   

Property, plant and equipment

     441   
  

 

 

 

Tangible assets acquired

     9,440   

Goodwill

     22,324   

Intangible assets

     51,800   
  

 

 

 

Total assets acquired

     83,564   

Accounts payable

     (256

Accrued liabilities

     (7,152

Deferred tax liability

     (1,000
  

 

 

 

Net assets acquired

   $ 75,156   
  

 

 

 

Costs that were recognized separately from the acquisition were not significant and were expensed during the three months ended January 28, 2012. In addition to the consideration for the acquisition, the agreement includes retention bonuses totaling $4.3 million in cash over the next two years. These amounts will be expensed as compensation expense over the course of the retention period, as payment is contingent upon future employment.

The acquired intangible assets from Xelerated were recognized as follows based upon their fair value as of the acquisition date.

 

     Fair value
(In thousands)
     Estimated
useful lives
(in years)
 

Intangible assets:

     

Purchased technology

   $ 25,800         6   

Customer intangible

     24,700         5   

Trade name

     1,300         5   
  

 

 

    

Total

   $ 51,800      
  

 

 

    

The value of the purchased technology and trade name of $25.8 million and $1.3 million, respectively, were determined based on the relief from royalty method, and the value of customer intangible was determined using discounted cash flows.

Acquisitions in prior years

In July 2010, the Company purchased the assets of a company engaged in the development of powerline communications for home networking and broadband over powerline applications. Under the purchase method of accounting, the total purchase price of $20.7 million was allocated to tangible and intangible assets based on their fair values as of the date of the completion of the purchase. The Company recorded the purchase price allocation to tangible assets of $0.3 million, amortizable intangible assets of $7.8 million, IPR&D of $9.7 million and goodwill of $2.9 million.

 

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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

In December 2010, the Company completed the acquisition of a mobile software consulting firm specializing in user interface application software. The purchase consideration was determined to be $11.8 million and was allocated to intangible assets based on their fair values as of the date of the completion of the purchase under the purchase method of accounting. The Company recorded the purchase price allocation to amortizable intangible assets of $7.5 million and goodwill of $4.3 million. Additional consideration of $9.3 million, which will be paid to employees, is contingent on continuing employment and therefore will be expensed as compensation during the two years following the close of the acquisition.

The completed acquisitions in fiscal 2012 and 2011 both individually and in the aggregate were not significant to the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The goodwill acquired is not deductible for tax purposes.

Note 3 — Investments:

The following tables summarize the Company’s investments (in thousands):

 

     As of January 28, 2012  
     Amortized
Cost
     Gross
Unrealized
Gains
     Gross
Unrealized
Losses
    Estimated
Fair Value
 

Short-term investments:

          

Available-for-sale:

          

Corporate debt securities

   $ 685,563       $ 3,081       $ (799   $ 687,845   

Foreign government

     2,033         3         —          2,036   

U.S. federal and state debt securities

     770,298         1,437         (20   $ 771,715   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total short-term investments

   $ 1,457,894       $ 4,521       $ (819   $ 1,461,596   

Long-term investments:

          

Available-for-sale:

          

Auction rate securities

   $ 24,500       $ —         $ (1,285   $ 23,215   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total long-term investments

   $ 24,500       $ —         $ (1,285   $ 23,215   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total investments

   $ 1,482,394       $ 4,521       $ (2,104   $ 1,484,811   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

     As of January 29, 2011  
     Amortized
Cost
     Gross
Unrealized
Gains
     Gross
Unrealized
Losses
    Estimated
Fair Value
 

Short-term investments:

          

Available-for-sale:

          

Corporate debt securities

   $ 648,278       $ 3,208       $ (213   $ 651,273   

U.S. federal and state debt securities

     431,174         561         (52     431,683   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total short-term investments

   $ 1,079,452       $ 3,769       $ (265   $ 1,082,956   

Long-term investments:

          

Available-for-sale:

          

Auction rate securities

   $ 27,850       $ —         $ (1,624   $ 26,226   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total long-term investments

   $ 27,850       $ —         $ (1,624   $ 26,226   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total investments

   $ 1,107,302       $ 3,769       $ (1,889   $ 1,109,182   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

The investment in foreign government debt as of January 28, 2012 was in Canadian province debt. As of January 28, 2012, the Company’s investment portfolio included $24.5 million in par value of auction rate securities. To estimate the fair value of the auction rate securities, the Company uses a discounted cash flow model based on estimated timing and amount of future interest and principal payments. In developing the cash flow model, the company considers the credit quality and liquidity of the underlying securities and related issuer, the collateralization of underlying security investments, and other considerations. As of January 28, 2012, the fair value of the auction rate securities was $1.3 million less than the par value and was recorded in long-term investments.

Based on the Company’s assessment of its cash flow projections, a balance of approximately $2.2 billion in cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments and the fact that the Company continues to generate positive cash flow from operations on a quarterly basis, the Company does not anticipate having to sell these securities below par value and does not have the intent to sell these auction rate securities until recovery. Thus, the Company considers the impairment to be temporary and recorded the unrealized loss to accumulated other comprehensive income, a component of shareholders’ equity.

The contractual maturities of available-for-sale securities at January 28, 2012 and January 29, 2011 are presented in the following table (in thousands):

 

     January 28, 2012      January 29, 2011  
     Amortized
Cost
     Estimated
Fair Value
     Amortized
Cost
     Estimated
Fair Value
 

Due in one year or less

   $ 641,433       $ 642,317       $ 560,190       $ 560,999   

Due between one and five years

     816,461         819,279         519,262         521,957   

Due over five years

     24,500         23,215         27,850         26,226   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 1,482,394       $ 1,484,811       $ 1,107,302       $ 1,109,182   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The following table shows those fair value and unrealized losses for those investments with gross unrealized losses, aggregated by length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position (in thousands):

 

     January 28, 2012  
     Less than 12 months     12 months or more     Total  
     Fair
Value
     Unrealized
Loss
    Fair
Value
     Unrealized
Loss
    Fair
Value
     Unrealized
Loss
 

Corporate debt securities

   $ 146,963       $ (799   $ —         $ —        $ 146,963       $ (799

U.S. federal and state debt securities

     107,603         (20     —           —          107,603         (20

Auction rate securities

     —           —          23,215         (1,285     23,215         (1,285
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total securities

   $ 254,566       $ (819   $ 23,215       $ (1,285   $ 277,781       $ (2,104
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

     January 29, 2011  
     Less than 12 months     12 months or more     Total  
     Fair
Value
     Unrealized
Loss
    Fair
Value
     Unrealized
Loss
    Fair
Value
     Unrealized
Loss
 

Corporate debt securities

   $ 113,081       $ (213   $ —         $ —        $ 113,081       $ (213

U.S. Federal and State debt securities

     91,962         (52     —           —          91,962         (52

Auction rate securities

     —           —          26,226         (1,624     26,226         (1,624
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total securities

   $ 205,043       $ (265   $ 26,226       $ (1,624   $ 231,269       $ (1,889
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Note 4 — Supplemental Financial Information (in thousands):

Cash and cash equivalents

 

     January 28,
2012
     January 29,
2011
 

Cash

   $ 503,095       $ 340,236   

Cash equivalents:

     

Commercial paper

     12,500         9,797   

Time deposits

     205,060         159,938   

Money market mutual fund

     64,247         1,230,616   

Federal agency notes

     —           106,487   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total cash and cash equivalents

   $ 784,902       $ 1,847,074   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Inventories

 

     January 28,
2012
     January 29,
2011
 

Work-in-process

   $ 190,779       $ 156,108   

Finished goods

     163,340         89,340   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Inventories

   $ 354,119       $ 245,448   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Property and equipment, net

 

     January 28,
2012
    January 29,
2011
 

Machinery and equipment

   $ 489,481      $ 435,900   

Buildings

     144,596        144,596   

Computer software

     81,852        74,966   

Land

     69,246        69,246   

Building improvements

     42,083        41,200   

Leasehold improvements

     37,237        34,142   

Furniture and fixtures

     24,450        23,498   

Construction in progress

     9,846        8,469   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
     898,791        832,017   

Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization

     (514,990     (473,577
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Property and equipment, net

   $ 383,801      $ 358,440   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The Company recorded depreciation expense of $63.5 million, $72.2 million and $87.3 million for fiscal 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

Other non-current assets

 

     January 28,
2012
     January 29,
2011
 

Technology and other licenses

   $ 50,212       $ 51,642   

Deferred tax assets

     31,064         27,671   

Deferred compensation

     5,419         6,169   

Prepayments for foundry capacity

     759         5,289   

Severance fund

     1,734         4,819   

Investments in privately held companies

     6,309         3,950   

Other

     12,649         11,840   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Other non-current assets

   $ 108,146       $ 111,380   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

During fiscal 2011, the Company sold a $2.3 million investment in a privately held company for proceeds of $10.2 million. The gain on the sale of $7.9 million was recorded in interest and other income on the consolidated statement of operations. In addition to the initial proceeds, the purchase agreement contained earn-out provisions whereby additional gains could be recognized if the related operations met specific operational targets during calendar year 2011. The Company did not recognize any gain during fiscal 2012 as the targets were not achieved by the related company. Amortization of technology and other licenses was $24.9 million, $21.0 million, and $11.7 million in fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively.

Accrued liabilities

 

     January 28,
2012
     January 29,
2011
 

Accrued rebates

   $ 24,420       $ 32,405   

Accrued royalties

     16,896         14,018   

Accrued legal expense

     13,999         8,551   

Accrued fees for tax, audit and other professional services

     1,553         2,125   

Customer advances for NRE services

     4,170         3,515   

Technology license obligations

     5,250         4,850   

Accrued sales/goods and services tax

     1,218         3,679   

Other

     20,149         16,851   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Accrued liabilities

   $ 87,655       $ 85,994   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Other long-term liabilities

 

     January 28,
2012
     January 29,
2011
 

Technology license obligations

   $ 11,255       $ 19,218   

Long-term accrued employee compensation

     10,059         9,258   

Long-term facilities consolidation

     2,136         3,271   

Accrued severance

     1,983         3,226   

Other

     7,035         4,367   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Other long-term liabilities

   $ 32,468       $ 39,340   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net income per share

The computations of basic and diluted net income per share are presented in the following table (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

     Year Ended  
     January 28,
2012
     January 29,
2011
     January 30,
2010
 

Numerator:

        

Net income:

   $ 615,091       $ 904,129       $ 353,456   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Denominator:

        

Weighted average common shares outstanding:

        

Weighted average shares — basic

     607,857         648,347         623,934   

Effect of dilutive securities:

        

Common share options and other

     15,411         28,531         29,807   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Weighted average shares — diluted

     623,268         676,878         653,741   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net income per share:

        

Basic

   $ 1.01       $ 1.39       $ 0.57   

Diluted

   $ 0.99       $ 1.34       $ 0.54   

 

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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Options to purchase 21.0 million common shares at a weighted average exercise price of $18.79 have been excluded from the computation of diluted net income per share for fiscal 2012 because including them would have been anti-dilutive.

Options to purchase 12.2 million common shares at a weighted average exercise price of $21.39 have been excluded from the computation of diluted net income per share for fiscal 2011 because including them would have been anti-dilutive.

Options to purchase 14.3 million common shares at a weighted average exercise price of $13.28 have been excluded from the computation of diluted net income per share for fiscal 2010 because including them would have been anti-dilutive.

In addition, as of January 28, 2012, options to purchase 3.1 million shares that contain a market-based condition for vesting have been excluded from the computation of diluted net income per share for fiscal 2012, as the market value of the Company’s shares as of January 28, 2012 was lower than the required market condition. Please see “Note 9 – Stock-Based Compensation” for additional details.

Comprehensive income (in thousands)

The changes in the components of other comprehensive income were as follows (in thousands):

 

     Year Ended  
     January 28,
2012
    January 29,
2011
    January 30,
2010
 

Net income

   $ 615,091      $ 904,129      $ 353,456   

Other comprehensive income

      

Net unrealized gain on marketable securities

     198        2,417        1,087   

Net unrealized gain (loss) on auction rate securities

     339        695        (1,010

Net unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedges

     (848     (1,134     341   

Other

     (5     (1     (585
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income

   $ 614,775      $ 906,106      $ 353,289   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The components of accumulated other comprehensive income were as follows (in thousands):

 

     January 28,
2012
    January 29,
2011
 

Unrealized gain on marketable securities

   $ 3,702      $ 3,504   

Unrealized loss on auction rate securities

     (1,285     (1,624

Unrealized loss on cash flow hedges

     (1,641     (793

Other

     —          5   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Accumulated other comprehensive income

   $ 776      $ 1,092   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Note 5 — Derivative Financial Instruments:

The Company manages some of its foreign currency exchange rate risk through the purchase of foreign currency exchange contracts that hedge against the short term impact of currency fluctuations. The Company’s policy is to enter into foreign currency forward contracts with maturities generally less than 12 months that mitigate the impact of rate fluctuations on certain local currency denominated operating expenses. All derivatives are recorded at fair value in either prepaid expenses and other current assets or accrued liabilities. The Company reports cash flows from derivative instruments in cash flows provided by operating activities. The Company uses quoted prices to value its derivative instruments.

As of January 28, 2012, the notional amounts of outstanding forward contracts were as follows (in thousands):

 

     January 28, 2012      January 29, 2011  
     Buy
Contracts
     Sell
Contracts
     Buy
Contracts
     Sell
Contracts
 

Israeli shekel

   $ 42,637       $ —         $ 56,360       $ —     

Euro

     —           —           —           3,698   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 42,637       $ —         $ 56,360       $ 3,698   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Cash Flow Hedges. The Company designates and documents its foreign currency forward exchange contracts as cash flow hedges for certain operating expenses denominated in Israeli shekels. The Company evaluates and calculates the effectiveness of each hedge at least quarterly. The effective change is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income and is subsequently reclassified to operating expense when the hedged expense is recognized. Ineffectiveness is recorded in interest and other income.

Other Foreign Currency Forward Contracts. The Company enters into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to hedge certain assets and liabilities denominated in various foreign currencies that it does not designate as hedges for accounting purposes. The maturities of these contracts are generally less than 12 months. Gains or losses arising from the remeasurement of these contracts to fair value each period are recorded in interest and other income.

The fair value of foreign exchange contract derivatives was not significant as of any period presented.

Note 6 — Fair Value Measurements:

Fair value is an exit price representing the amount that would be received in the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, the accounting guidance establishes a three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value:

Level 1 — Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2 — Include other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace.

Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity.

The fair value hierarchy also requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.

 

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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

The Company measures its cash equivalents and marketable securities at fair value. The Company’s cash equivalents and marketable securities are primarily classified within Level 1 with the exception of its investments in auction rate securities, which are classified within Level 3. Cash equivalents and marketable securities are valued primarily using quoted market prices utilizing market observable inputs. The Company’s investments in corporate debt securities are classified within Level 2 as the market inputs to value these instruments consist of market yields, reported trades and broker/dealer quotes, which are corroborated with observable market data. In addition, foreign currency contracts are classified within Level 2 as the valuation inputs are based on quoted prices and market observable data of similar instruments. The Company’s investments in auction rate securities are classified within Level 3 because there are no active markets for the auction rate securities and therefore the Company is unable to obtain independent valuations from market sources. Therefore, the auction rate securities were valued using a discounted cash flow model. Some of the inputs to the cash flow model are unobservable in the market. The total amount of assets measured using Level 3 valuation methodologies represented 0.4% of total assets as of January 28, 2012.

The tables below set forth, by level, the Company’s financial assets that were accounted for at fair value as of January 28, 2012 and January 29, 2011. The tables do not include assets and liabilities that are measured at historical cost or any basis other than fair value (in thousands):

 

     Level 1      Level 2      Level 3      Portion of
Carrying
Value
Measured at
Fair Value at
January 28, 2012
 

Items measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

           

Assets

           

Cash equivalents:

           

Money market funds

   $ 64,247       $ —         $ —         $ 64,247   

Corporate debt securities

     —           12,500         —           12,500   

Time deposit

     —          
205,060
  
     —           205,060   

Short-term investments:

           

U.S. federal and state debt securities

     771,715         —           —           771,715   

Corporate debt securities

     —           687,845         —           687,845   

Foreign government

     —           2,036         —           2,036   

Long-term investments:

           

Auction rate securities

     —           —           23,215         23,215   

Other non-current assets:

           

Severance pay fund

     —           1,734         —           1,734   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 835,962       $ 909,175       $ 23,215       $ 1,768,352   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Liabilities

           

Accrued liabilities: